NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC477915

Natural Product ID	NPC477915
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	20,22-Didehydrotaxisterone
IUPAC Name	(2S,3R,5R,10R,13R,14S,17R)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-17-[(E)-6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-2-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one
Synonyms	20,22-Didehydrotaxisterone
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	16681644
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives [CHEMONTID:0003566] Cholestane steroids [CHEMONTID:0001469] Cholesterols and derivatives

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 74 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 3.2380 0.2321 1.8281 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6693 -0.0677 0.4986 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4843 0.2073 -0.5435 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8504 0.7700 -0.3505 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8515 -0.1923 -0.9347 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2707 0.3131 -0.7759 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2791 -0.6259 -1.3484 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.3510 1.6578 -1.4645 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.5764 0.4768 0.5868 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3624 -0.6307 0.2157 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2538 -1.9537 0.9924 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1705 -1.9679 1.5610 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8565 -0.9979 0.6712 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1538 0.1454 0.6370 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3202 1.1234 -0.4030 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7521 0.9914 -0.8085 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6776 0.6988 0.3248 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1396 -0.4821 1.0735 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9010 -0.9307 2.0480 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1671 -0.2442 2.2660 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5650 0.0375 3.4011 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9923 0.1184 1.0676 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0923 0.5095 -0.0960 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2992 -0.4219 -1.2523 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7728 -0.4452 -1.6107 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6240 -0.8751 -0.4601 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8143 -1.1216 0.7662 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.6085 0.0821 -0.2166 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2067 0.7263 -2.2100 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6009 1.8858 -0.5614 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2784 0.8461 1.9446 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8909 -1.5600 -0.6059 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2378 -0.2910 1.9666 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4783 1.3293 1.9615 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6489 -0.0704 2.6876 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1268 0.0104 -1.5412 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0538 1.0608 0.6780 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8983 1.6942 -0.9796 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7227 -1.2252 -0.5405 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6528 -0.2549 -2.0297 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.7451 -1.2865 -0.5738 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9206 -1.2556 -2.1649 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.1405 -0.0147 -1.7476 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.6573 1.7348 -2.3173 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3872 1.8261 -1.8571 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0832 2.4236 -0.6999 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8926 0.0506 1.1628 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2107 -0.9177 -0.8439 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0089 -2.0008 1.7931 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4368 -2.8254 0.3309 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2041 -1.7658 2.6284 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5226 -3.0223 1.4254 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1216 2.1598 -0.0590 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2977 0.9998 -1.3352 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0607 1.9957 -1.2257 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8353 0.2950 -1.6622 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6877 1.6185 0.9888 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5645 -1.7558 2.6289 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.6838 0.9128 1.3732 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7927 0.0339 -2.1518 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9869 -1.4509 -1.0762 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8654 -1.2421 -2.4069 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1799 -1.8179 -0.6749 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5178 -1.2310 1.6201 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1919 -2.0255 0.7054 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3922 -0.3294 0.2513 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1374 0.8788 -1.9183 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.6644 2.0021 -0.3285 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0762 2.6538 0.0787 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3644 2.0330 -1.6295 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1168 1.5696 1.8791 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6173 1.5139 2.1093 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2922 0.1963 2.8318 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7095 -2.5146 -0.6257 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 2 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 6 8 1 0 6 9 1 0 2 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 2 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 2 0 20 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 26 28 1 0 25 29 1 0 23 30 1 6 14 31 1 1 13 32 1 6 14 10 1 0 18 13 1 0 23 17 1 0 27 22 1 0 1 33 1 0 1 34 1 0 1 35 1 0 3 36 1 0 4 37 1 0 4 38 1 0 5 39 1 0 5 40 1 0 7 41 1 0 7 42 1 0 7 43 1 0 8 44 1 0 8 45 1 0 8 46 1 0 9 47 1 0 10 48 1 6 11 49 1 0 11 50 1 0 12 51 1 0 12 52 1 0 15 53 1 0 15 54 1 0 16 55 1 0 16 56 1 0 17 57 1 0 19 58 1 0 22 59 1 1 24 60 1 0 24 61 1 0 25 62 1 6 26 63 1 6 27 64 1 0 27 65 1 0 28 66 1 0 29 67 1 0 30 68 1 0 30 69 1 0 30 70 1 0 31 71 1 0 31 72 1 0 31 73 1 0 32 74 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	CMIUBJTVLMVMSY-AOTKJMCNSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C27H42O5/c1-16(7-6-10-24(2,3)31)17-9-12-27(32)19-13-21(28)20-14-22(29)23(30)15-25(20,4)18(19)8-11-26(17,27)5/h7,13,17-18,20,22-23,29-32H,6,8-12,14-15H2,1-5H3/b16-7+/t17-,18?,20+,22-,23+,25-,26-,27-/m1/s1
SMILES	C/C(=C\CCC(C)(C)O)/[C@H]1CC[C@@]2([C@@]1(CCC3C2=CC(=O)[C@H]4[C@@]3(C[C@@H]([C@@H](C4)O)O)C)C)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	446.3	Volume:	477.364 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.935	LogP:	2.719 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	2.973 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.087 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	4.0	Rigid Bonds:	22.0
TPSA:	97.99 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	5.0
H-Bond Donor:	4.0	Rings:	4.0
Heavy Atoms:	5.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.494	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.013	Fsp³:	0.815
MCE-18:	82.286 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.353	Fluc inhibitor:	0.003 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.008 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.028 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.324	Promiscuous compounds:	0.357

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.795	MDCK Permeability:	-4.619
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.014	Pgp-substrate:	0.273
PAMPA:	0.94 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.004
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.195	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.238
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.968

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.118	MRP1:	0.634
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	84.792%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.149
Fu:	9.097% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.991
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.928	BCRP inhibitor:	0.219
BSEP inhibitor:	0.555

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.293	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.001	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.017
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.008	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.995
HLM stability:	0.898 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

7.42

Half-life (T1/2):

1.87

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.051	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.36
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.893	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.014
AMES Toxicity:	0.069	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.27
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.93	Skin Sensitization:	0.871
Carcinogencity:	0.859	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.105	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.643
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.036	Ototoxicity:	0.916
Hematotoxicity:	0.138	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.757
Genotoxicity:	0.773	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.148
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.098	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.615
BCF:	0.854 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.591 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.341 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.338 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO14761	Serratula wolffii	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	roots	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17417908]
NPO14761	Serratula wolffii	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO14761	Serratula wolffii	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference
-	Acyrthosiphon pisum	LC50	>	100	ppm	PMID[17417908]

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC477915 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	19495
0.1-0.2	27087
0.2-0.3	3204
0.3-0.4	21
0.4-0.5	12
0.5-0.6	11
0.6-0.7	26
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477916
0.7097	Intermediate Similarity	NPC204833
0.6935	Remote Similarity	NPC150531
0.6825	Remote Similarity	NPC302607
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC50692
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC260268
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC152695
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC319077
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC76084
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC97202
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC601752
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPC209502
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC149047
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC214264
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC475060
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC85829
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC48733
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC171137
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC83744
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC296945
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC220229
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC601682
0.6324	Remote Similarity	NPC317210
0.6176	Remote Similarity	NPC202167
0.6176	Remote Similarity	NPC49958
0.6129	Remote Similarity	NPC603391
0.6087	Remote Similarity	NPC476027
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC207251
0.5915	Remote Similarity	NPC49492
0.5915	Remote Similarity	NPC266728
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC600136
0.5811	Remote Similarity	NPC600372
0.5735	Remote Similarity	NPC329417
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPC109973
0.56	Remote Similarity	NPC475041
0.5441	Remote Similarity	NPC154072
0.527	Remote Similarity	NPC326542
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC11710
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC600374

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC477915 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6596
0.1-0.2	2423
0.2-0.3	131
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data