NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC326542

Natural Product ID	NPC326542
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Polyporoid A
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL260186
PubChem CID	44450022
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives [CHEMONTID:0004813] Ecdysteroids

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 79 83 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 7.2992 -1.7410 0.3367 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2532 -0.7016 0.7069 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3061 -0.5241 -0.4501 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2344 0.4731 -0.2019 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3433 0.1563 0.9617 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7176 -1.0838 0.8392 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6578 -0.9290 -0.0192 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3041 0.5453 -0.0623 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1288 1.0652 1.0594 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5860 2.4711 0.9220 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5900 0.8148 2.3185 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1634 0.6877 0.0125 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5941 -0.7638 -0.2757 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3546 -1.5289 0.5362 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3525 -1.0623 -1.6289 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0136 -0.7858 0.0401 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5219 -1.3751 1.0795 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9678 -1.3068 1.2604 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5915 -2.2841 1.7497 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5979 -0.0332 0.8318 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1696 0.4065 -0.5269 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8212 -0.0695 -0.9713 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0219 0.9623 -1.7140 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8137 1.4897 -1.0575 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2559 1.9453 -0.5143 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2067 0.0116 -1.5893 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8358 -1.3005 -1.1782 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7666 -0.9828 -0.0100 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1001 -0.0726 0.9594 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.8788 -0.3422 -0.5566 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6258 -1.7617 -2.2372 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7048 1.0577 1.3545 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8373 1.7153 -0.0179 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7956 -1.8548 -0.9676 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0073 0.5828 0.9861 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.8517 -1.4248 -0.5643 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8719 -2.7543 0.2460 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0494 -1.7592 1.1754 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7564 -0.9986 1.6424 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.9348 -0.1140 -1.2966 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6469 0.5667 -1.1543 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9440 0.1404 1.8911 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7770 -1.3691 -1.0084 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6650 1.0178 -0.9981 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7650 2.7587 -0.1213 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4520 2.6320 1.6053 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8273 3.2199 1.2951 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0276 1.3585 2.9955 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4119 -2.6158 0.2932 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3043 -1.4628 1.6162 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3154 -2.0515 -1.7000 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8875 -1.9187 1.8092 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2597 0.7489 1.5650 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0359 -0.8858 -1.7416 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7158 0.5752 -2.7219 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7131 1.7986 -1.9471 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0044 1.7150 -1.8186 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0080 2.5130 -0.6113 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6115 2.3387 -1.4867 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3546 2.4193 -0.1287 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0746 2.2470 0.2070 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0148 0.7494 -1.6667 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7053 -0.0502 -2.5795 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1124 -2.0844 -0.9430 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0819 -1.9526 0.4337 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3167 -0.4520 1.9965 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4793 0.9697 0.9519 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7879 0.6331 -0.5916 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.9979 -2.1691 -2.8935 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3267 2.0183 1.7425 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8123 1.2334 1.2269 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6515 0.2410 2.1014 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1033 2.1332 -0.8859 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5986 -2.4471 -1.4449 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3113 -2.4588 -0.1760 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0319 -1.6889 -1.7543 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1088 1.1126 0.0164 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0076 0.3849 1.4206 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.4087 1.2512 1.6511 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 9 11 1 1 8 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 13 15 1 6 13 16 1 0 16 17 2 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 2 0 18 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 21 25 1 1 21 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 28 30 1 0 27 31 1 0 12 32 1 1 4 33 1 0 3 34 1 0 2 35 1 0 9 5 1 0 24 12 1 0 14 7 1 0 22 16 1 0 29 20 1 0 1 36 1 0 1 37 1 0 1 38 1 0 2 39 1 0 3 40 1 0 4 41 1 6 5 42 1 1 7 43 1 6 8 44 1 6 10 45 1 0 10 46 1 0 10 47 1 0 11 48 1 0 14 49 1 0 14 50 1 0 15 51 1 0 17 52 1 0 20 53 1 1 22 54 1 6 23 55 1 0 23 56 1 0 24 57 1 0 24 58 1 0 25 59 1 0 25 60 1 0 25 61 1 0 26 62 1 0 26 63 1 0 27 64 1 1 28 65 1 1 29 66 1 0 29 67 1 0 30 68 1 0 31 69 1 0 32 70 1 0 32 71 1 0 32 72 1 0 33 73 1 0 34 74 1 0 34 75 1 0 34 76 1 0 35 77 1 0 35 78 1 0 35 79 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	WLJSJUHWAWNUMY-TWQLGMOSSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C28H44O7/c1-13(2)14(3)22(32)24-27(6,33)23-21(35-24)12-28(34)16-9-18(29)17-10-19(30)20(31)11-25(17,4)15(16)7-8-26(23,28)5/h9,13-15,17,19-24,30-34H,7-8,10-12H2,1-6H3/t14?,15-,17-,19+,20-,21-,22-,23-,24-,25+,26+,27+,28+/m0/s1
SMILES	CC(C([C@@H]([C@@H]1O[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@]1(C)O)[C@@]1([C@](C2)(O)C2=CC(=O)[C@H]3[C@]([C@H]2CC1)(C)C[C@@H]([C@@H](C3)O)O)C)O)C)C

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	492.31	Volume:	506.32 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.972	LogP:	2.791 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.048 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.389 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	3.0	Rigid Bonds:	25.0
TPSA:	127.45 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	7.0
H-Bond Donor:	5.0	Rings:	5.0
Heavy Atoms:	7.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.408	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.59	Fsp³:	0.893
MCE-18:	101.547 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.449	Fluc inhibitor:	0.002 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.02 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.001 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.155	Promiscuous compounds:	0.577

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.91	MDCK Permeability:	-4.72
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.002	Pgp-substrate:	0.778
PAMPA:	0.998 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.014
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.404	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.204
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.982

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.002	MRP1:	0.937
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	76.378%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.053
Fu:	27.363% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.997
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.944	BCRP inhibitor:	0.023
BSEP inhibitor:	0.48

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.258	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.001
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.001
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.06
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.968	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.001
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.765
HLM stability:	0.929 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

5.566

Half-life (T1/2):

2.765

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.054	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.266
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.683	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.119
AMES Toxicity:	0.344	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.23
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.653	Skin Sensitization:	0.912
Carcinogencity:	0.543	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.224	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.609
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.162	Ototoxicity:	0.941
Hematotoxicity:	0.559	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.872
Genotoxicity:	0.493	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.247
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.292	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.445
BCF:	0.742 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.492 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.352 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.418 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO17579	Polyporus umbellatus	Species	Polyporaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO17579	Polyporus umbellatus	Species	Polyporaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO17579	Polyporus umbellatus	Species	Polyporaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO17579	Polyporus umbellatus	Species	Polyporaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO17579	Polyporus umbellatus	Species	Polyporaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[Title]
NPO17579	Polyporus umbellatus	Species	Polyporaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
ID50	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Organism	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT32	Organism	Mus musculus	Mus musculus	ID50	=	0.531	uM	PMID[18439824]

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC326542 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	17871
0.1-0.2	29302
0.2-0.3	2620
0.3-0.4	24
0.4-0.5	6
0.5-0.6	33
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.6056	Remote Similarity	NPC76084
0.5946	Remote Similarity	NPC317210
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC329417
0.5753	Remote Similarity	NPC220229
0.5694	Remote Similarity	NPC209502
0.5616	Remote Similarity	NPC149047
0.5616	Remote Similarity	NPC85829
0.5556	Remote Similarity	NPC150531
0.5479	Remote Similarity	NPC204833
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC207251
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC214264
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC475060
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC50692
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC260268
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC48733
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC171137
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC152695
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC319077
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC83744
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC97202
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC601752
0.5395	Remote Similarity	NPC202167
0.5395	Remote Similarity	NPC49958
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC296945
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC601682
0.5286	Remote Similarity	NPC603391
0.527	Remote Similarity	NPC302607
0.527	Remote Similarity	NPC477915
0.519	Remote Similarity	NPC49492
0.519	Remote Similarity	NPC266728
0.5128	Remote Similarity	NPC476027
0.5125	Remote Similarity	NPC600136
0.5122	Remote Similarity	NPC475041
0.5122	Remote Similarity	NPC600372

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC326542 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6492
0.1-0.2	2553
0.2-0.3	105
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data