NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC475472

Natural Product ID	NPC475472
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Aridanin
IUPAC Name	(4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bR)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
Synonyms	Aridanin
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL506209
PubChem CID	44584412
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0002049] Terpene glycosides [CHEMONTID:0001580] Triterpene glycosides [CHEMONTID:0002358] Triterpene saponins

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 108113 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 7.8306 -2.4188 -3.2595 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0723 -2.2102 -1.9977 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.3800 -3.1619 -1.5072 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1306 -0.9463 -1.3530 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.4028 -0.7231 -0.1266 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2864 -0.4138 1.0509 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8756 0.8998 1.6332 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.7079 1.9783 0.6130 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0087 1.6108 -0.5027 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3399 0.3620 -0.3634 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4439 0.5159 0.5833 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0981 0.4820 0.4294 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4197 1.7949 0.7245 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0181 1.7842 0.2292 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1999 0.6574 0.8445 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9467 -0.6118 0.5732 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3703 -0.6772 1.0099 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9505 -1.9085 0.2801 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5775 -0.9308 2.4675 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0748 -1.7480 0.9844 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9119 -1.9057 -0.1841 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6116 -0.6051 -0.4630 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1846 0.5430 0.3785 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7831 1.7928 -0.2676 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2711 1.5837 -0.2193 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8575 0.4252 -0.2567 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0998 -0.8653 -0.3632 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5471 -1.5692 0.8916 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9852 -2.0124 0.7528 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8847 -1.0480 0.0367 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3230 0.3083 -0.0668 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1198 1.2205 -0.9388 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5516 1.2928 -0.4226 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0724 0.0357 0.1336 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1597 -0.8345 0.9192 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.6134 2.3519 0.6897 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4257 1.8041 -1.5238 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5027 -1.6415 -1.1678 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4573 -2.9224 -1.2306 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1044 -1.0235 -2.2106 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4228 -1.6608 -1.6016 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3400 -0.2865 -1.9332 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1642 0.9862 2.3461 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0566 2.5262 0.1425 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.8741 3.6270 -0.6904 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9320 1.2961 2.4923 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6068 -0.4017 0.6150 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2573 -1.8945 -4.0619 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.8440 -1.9778 -3.1692 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.8565 -3.5028 -3.4852 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7201 -0.1939 -1.8053 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8729 -1.6568 0.1243 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2019 -1.1774 1.8714 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.9921 0.8488 2.2793 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1891 2.8310 1.0954 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.9995 0.1735 -1.4189 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9641 0.3396 -0.6713 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5973 2.1665 1.7364 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9653 2.5444 0.0627 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4911 2.7360 0.3265 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1226 1.5051 -0.8648 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0435 -0.6385 -0.5579 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6205 -1.6048 -0.5579 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1326 -2.4818 -0.2490 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4000 -2.6266 0.9674 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4896 -1.5782 2.6550 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5842 -0.0454 3.0993 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7514 -1.5885 2.8157 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6772 -2.6559 1.1139 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4783 -1.5911 1.9319 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.5535 -2.7881 -0.0898 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2155 -2.1865 -1.0353 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8690 0.4273 1.2945 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3810 2.1220 -1.1875 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.5866 2.6242 0.4793 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8668 2.4837 -0.1467 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5765 -0.8104 1.7329 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9375 -2.3734 1.2586 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0605 -3.0473 0.3390 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3707 -2.1411 1.8028 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5510 0.7566 0.9986 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7268 2.2495 -0.8043 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0599 1.0226 -2.0223 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.6422 -0.5667 -0.6117 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.9027 0.3284 0.8724 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8315 -0.4295 1.8760 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.6565 -1.8181 1.0507 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1744 3.2698 0.2618 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.6738 2.5935 0.9214 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0765 2.0150 1.5914 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.8101 2.1888 -2.3721 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1663 2.5559 -1.1803 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.9969 0.9380 -1.9496 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2539 -1.5119 -3.0834 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4968 -1.9962 -2.1721 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8453 -2.6724 -1.3410 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9933 -1.1174 -2.3685 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6452 0.5647 -2.0784 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2224 -0.0479 -2.5159 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7849 -1.1309 -2.4464 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9413 1.6458 2.6881 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0274 0.0699 2.9658 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7889 1.5586 2.4790 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6799 1.7615 -0.3434 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6547 2.8825 1.0169 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.5359 3.3088 -1.5736 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7889 2.2393 2.7877 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.2555 -0.2508 1.3532 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 2 0 2 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 17 19 1 0 16 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 2 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 34 35 1 0 33 36 1 0 33 37 1 0 30 38 1 0 38 39 2 0 38 40 1 0 27 41 1 0 22 42 1 0 15 43 1 0 8 44 1 0 44 45 1 0 7 46 1 0 6 47 1 0 10 5 1 0 17 12 1 0 23 15 1 0 27 22 1 0 31 26 1 0 35 30 1 0 1 48 1 0 1 49 1 0 1 50 1 0 4 51 1 0 5 52 1 0 6 53 1 0 7 54 1 0 8 55 1 0 10 56 1 0 12 57 1 0 13 58 1 0 13 59 1 0 14 60 1 0 14 61 1 0 16 62 1 0 18 63 1 0 18 64 1 0 18 65 1 0 19 66 1 0 19 67 1 0 19 68 1 0 20 69 1 0 20 70 1 0 21 71 1 0 21 72 1 0 23 73 1 0 24 74 1 0 24 75 1 0 25 76 1 0 28 77 1 0 28 78 1 0 29 79 1 0 29 80 1 0 31 81 1 0 32 82 1 0 32 83 1 0 34 84 1 0 34 85 1 0 35 86 1 0 35 87 1 0 36 88 1 0 36 89 1 0 36 90 1 0 37 91 1 0 37 92 1 0 37 93 1 0 40 94 1 0 41 95 1 0 41 96 1 0 41 97 1 0 42 98 1 0 42 99 1 0 42100 1 0 43101 1 0 43102 1 0 43103 1 0 44104 1 0 44105 1 0 45106 1 0 46107 1 0 47108 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	VRFWJSCLROXBBW-XLUVLVBOSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C38H61NO8/c1-21(41)39-28-30(43)29(42)24(20-40)46-31(28)47-27-12-13-35(6)25(34(27,4)5)11-14-37(8)26(35)10-9-22-23-19-33(2,3)15-17-38(23,32(44)45)18-16-36(22,37)7/h9,23-31,40,42-43H,10-20H2,1-8H3,(H,39,41)(H,44,45)/t23-,24-,25+,26-,27+,28-,29-,30-,31+,35+,36-,37-,38+/m1/s1
SMILES	CC(=O)NC1C(C(C(OC1OC2CCC3(C(C2(C)C)CCC4(C3CC=C5C4(CCC6(C5CC(CC6)(C)C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)CO)O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	659.44	Volume:	687.874 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.959	LogP:	2.927 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.399 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-5.034 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	6.0	Rigid Bonds:	34.0
TPSA:	145.55 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	9.0
H-Bond Donor:	5.0	Rings:	6.0
Heavy Atoms:	9.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.2	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.256	Fsp³:	0.895
MCE-18:	129.333 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.326	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.002 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.212 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.003	Promiscuous compounds:	0.0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.631	MDCK Permeability:	-5.077
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.002
PAMPA:	0.991 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.018
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.001	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.011
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.915

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.023	MRP1:	1.0
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	77.307%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.409
Fu:	21.164% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.002
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.692	BCRP inhibitor:	0.0
BSEP inhibitor:	0.408

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.99	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.001	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.0
HLM stability:	0.581 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

0.833

Half-life (T1/2):

1.873

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.024	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.092
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.614	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.352
AMES Toxicity:	0.103	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.186
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.655	Skin Sensitization:	0.069
Carcinogencity:	0.035	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.0	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.274
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.215	Ototoxicity:	0.997
Hematotoxicity:	0.107	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.092
Genotoxicity:	0.205	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.057
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.045	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.203
BCF:	1.49 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.719 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	6.244 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	5.3 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO2634	Tetrapleura tetraptera	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[36524784]
NPO2634	Tetrapleura tetraptera	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8289059]
NPO2634	Tetrapleura tetraptera	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO2634	Tetrapleura tetraptera	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	1
Activity	41

Activity Type	# Activity
Individual protein	1
Organism	41

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT459	Individual protein	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	IC50	>	200.0	ug.mL-1	PMID[1710653]

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	4.5	n.a.	PMID[18710917]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	2.5	n.a.	DOI[10.6019/CHEMBL1201861]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	5.6	n.a.	PMID[21051535]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	2.9	n.a.	PMID[21051535]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	4.1	n.a.	PMID[18847278]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	3.2	n.a.	PMID[21051535]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	3.3	n.a.	PMID[21051535]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	2.8	n.a.	PMID[21051535]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	4.2	n.a.	PMID[21051535]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	4.0	n.a.	PMID[21051535]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	89.0	%	PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	100.0	%	PMID[7328598]
NPT566	Organism	Salmonella typhimurium	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium	Activity	=	98.0	%	PMID[20421396]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	28.3	ppm	Open TG-GATES in vivo data: Biochemistry
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	28.2	ppm	PMID[26854381]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	19.8	ppm	PMID[26854381]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	19.9	ppm	PMID[2362284]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	24.2	ppm	PMID[26295746]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	22.2	ppm	PMID[26295746]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	26.5	ppm	PMID[26295746]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	28.9	ppm	PMID[26295746]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	19.0	ppm	PMID[26295746]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	18.7	ppm	PMID[26295746]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	52.5	ppm	PMID[26295746]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	51.1	ppm	PMID[23210623]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	73.0	ppm	PMID[19902967]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	68.7	ppm	PMID[19902967]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	47.7	ppm	PMID[19902967]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	49.8	ppm	PMID[19902967]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	70.8	ppm	PMID[19902967]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	69.6	ppm	PMID[19902967]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	90.4	ppm	PMID[19902967]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	89.0	ppm	PMID[19902967]
NPT3469	Organism	Biomphalaria glabrata	Biomphalaria glabrata	Activity	=	100.0	%	PMID[18710917]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC475472 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	19081
0.1-0.2	26622
0.2-0.3	3061
0.3-0.4	754
0.4-0.5	236
0.5-0.6	76
0.6-0.7	19
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.7326	Intermediate Similarity	NPC606107
0.7033	Intermediate Similarity	NPC191410
0.6702	Remote Similarity	NPC164194
0.6629	Remote Similarity	NPC204407
0.6495	Remote Similarity	NPC25605
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC127056
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC109079
0.6386	Remote Similarity	NPC120840
0.6374	Remote Similarity	NPC283849
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC472949
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC488561
0.63	Remote Similarity	NPC22956
0.6275	Remote Similarity	NPC180550
0.6275	Remote Similarity	NPC35405
0.6237	Remote Similarity	NPC286347
0.6237	Remote Similarity	NPC31839
0.6176	Remote Similarity	NPC114304
0.6095	Remote Similarity	NPC119794
0.602	Remote Similarity	NPC270667
0.602	Remote Similarity	NPC76999
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC257468
0.5952	Remote Similarity	NPC275809
0.5943	Remote Similarity	NPC79718
0.59	Remote Similarity	NPC136877
0.59	Remote Similarity	NPC12288
0.5876	Remote Similarity	NPC284807
0.5851	Remote Similarity	NPC28198
0.5851	Remote Similarity	NPC476123
0.5842	Remote Similarity	NPC56713
0.5842	Remote Similarity	NPC59804
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC480946
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC130577
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC142415
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC102683
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC324875
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC292677
0.5818	Remote Similarity	NPC62725
0.5784	Remote Similarity	NPC114441
0.578	Remote Similarity	NPC488564
0.5769	Remote Similarity	NPC469945
0.5765	Remote Similarity	NPC270768
0.5765	Remote Similarity	NPC59263
0.5765	Remote Similarity	NPC210106
0.5698	Remote Similarity	NPC158141
0.567	Remote Similarity	NPC100383
0.5632	Remote Similarity	NPC298554
0.5618	Remote Similarity	NPC296164
0.5577	Remote Similarity	NPC6377
0.5577	Remote Similarity	NPC208381
0.5556	Remote Similarity	NPC294112
0.5556	Remote Similarity	NPC73829
0.5556	Remote Similarity	NPC473538
0.5524	Remote Similarity	NPC80843
0.5514	Remote Similarity	NPC104400
0.5514	Remote Similarity	NPC10320
0.551	Remote Similarity	NPC242611
0.5463	Remote Similarity	NPC139044
0.5431	Remote Similarity	NPC166422
0.5431	Remote Similarity	NPC219180
0.5431	Remote Similarity	NPC251263
0.5413	Remote Similarity	NPC481082
0.5413	Remote Similarity	NPC164419
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC323359
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC174679
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC279554
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC96580
0.5341	Remote Similarity	NPC231063
0.5341	Remote Similarity	NPC282395
0.5341	Remote Similarity	NPC481360
0.5341	Remote Similarity	NPC110308
0.5339	Remote Similarity	NPC54636
0.5315	Remote Similarity	NPC276093
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC480938
0.5269	Remote Similarity	NPC601365
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC280941
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC235772
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC182797
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC282616
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC84319
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC52021
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC52169
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC488562
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC599947
0.5204	Remote Similarity	NPC57362
0.5176	Remote Similarity	NPC604575
0.5146	Remote Similarity	NPC473481
0.5146	Remote Similarity	NPC475611
0.514	Remote Similarity	NPC488516
0.513	Remote Similarity	NPC480939
0.5114	Remote Similarity	NPC198664
0.5111	Remote Similarity	NPC200752
0.5109	Remote Similarity	NPC488521
0.5096	Remote Similarity	NPC22676
0.5056	Remote Similarity	NPC121798
0.5056	Remote Similarity	NPC234346
0.5045	Remote Similarity	NPC471383
0.5043	Remote Similarity	NPC475486

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC475472 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6204
0.1-0.2	2900
0.2-0.3	37
0.3-0.4	9
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data