NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC283849

Natural Product ID	NPC283849
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Fatsiaside A1
IUPAC Name	(4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL444982
PubChem CID	13878127
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0001553] Triterpenoids

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 98103 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -6.5239 2.5254 -1.7960 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3433 1.0889 -1.2800 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0269 0.1963 -2.2849 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.9732 1.0467 0.0752 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8162 -0.3159 0.6463 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3714 -0.7044 0.7304 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8232 -0.1386 1.9971 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3754 -0.3682 2.2651 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5068 0.0086 1.0430 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6333 1.5214 1.0685 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1661 -0.6217 -0.1075 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4893 -1.4596 -0.8566 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0765 -1.8547 -0.6577 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4283 -0.6285 -0.0649 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0531 -0.6384 -0.1701 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7164 -1.9413 0.1523 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3703 -0.3459 -1.6460 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8086 -0.1880 -1.9342 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6444 0.5450 -0.9483 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0478 0.8262 0.3853 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1711 2.3547 0.6081 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9103 0.2585 1.5129 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5995 0.5410 0.5361 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1876 0.4365 1.9621 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3262 0.7313 1.9545 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0744 -0.4075 1.2557 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9509 -1.5852 2.1953 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8727 -0.0835 -0.7240 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.9794 0.5665 -1.1638 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9296 0.7692 -0.0095 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3721 0.5389 -0.4324 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.5340 -0.9320 -0.7778 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2015 -1.3821 -1.3583 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.6493 -0.3156 -2.0322 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.7489 -1.6131 0.4098 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.1747 0.8337 0.6644 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8320 2.0938 0.4051 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5717 -0.4106 -0.5125 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8765 0.7895 -1.2860 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3430 -2.1865 0.9272 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4060 -2.8485 0.9928 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1625 -2.9005 1.0462 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5825 2.6859 -2.1087 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3811 3.1926 -0.9046 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7859 2.7911 -2.5501 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4077 0.1778 -3.2096 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0128 0.6219 -2.5973 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1813 -0.8253 -1.9423 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0328 1.3317 -0.0311 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4549 1.7695 0.7207 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.3502 -1.0996 0.0709 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2217 -0.3914 1.6901 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1831 0.8999 2.1381 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3656 -0.6981 2.8247 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2395 -1.3996 2.5766 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1606 0.3442 3.1053 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0557 2.0466 0.3345 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2303 1.8189 2.0861 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6900 1.8548 1.1764 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9525 -1.9590 -1.7388 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5834 -2.1948 -1.5874 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0837 -2.7274 0.0132 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7546 0.2448 -0.7107 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4954 -2.2193 -0.5854 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9440 -2.7343 0.0881 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2176 -1.9646 1.1370 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8733 0.6519 -1.8335 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9713 -1.1026 -2.3199 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8606 0.3293 -2.9421 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2149 -1.2045 -2.1906 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9611 1.5073 -1.4567 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3987 2.8637 -0.0322 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1627 2.6949 0.2489 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0685 2.6234 1.6542 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7048 0.9655 1.7802 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3848 -0.6927 1.2228 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2893 0.0978 2.4099 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0434 1.4302 0.1032 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6171 1.2429 2.5874 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4032 -0.5121 2.4658 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3646 1.6789 1.3865 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5486 0.8069 3.0276 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6128 -2.4261 1.9524 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0728 -2.0127 2.2004 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1481 -1.3267 3.2468 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8135 1.5432 -1.6308 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.7168 0.0579 0.8154 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6468 1.1800 -1.2976 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.3257 -1.0839 -1.5185 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.3020 -2.2951 -1.9564 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5484 -1.5883 -0.4746 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0150 -2.2199 0.6172 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.8347 1.5498 0.4455 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9707 2.6496 -0.4043 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9239 -1.2477 -1.2081 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6216 0.6056 -2.3790 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3452 1.7233 -1.0870 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1210 -3.8575 0.7216 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 2 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 6 9 11 1 0 11 12 2 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 1 15 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 20 22 1 0 20 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 1 19 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 32 35 1 0 31 36 1 0 30 37 1 0 11 38 1 0 38 39 1 0 6 40 1 1 40 41 2 0 40 42 1 0 39 2 1 0 38 6 1 0 26 9 1 0 34 29 1 0 26 14 1 0 23 15 1 0 1 43 1 0 1 44 1 0 1 45 1 0 3 46 1 0 3 47 1 0 3 48 1 0 4 49 1 0 4 50 1 0 5 51 1 0 5 52 1 0 7 53 1 0 7 54 1 0 8 55 1 0 8 56 1 0 10 57 1 0 10 58 1 0 10 59 1 0 12 60 1 0 13 61 1 0 13 62 1 0 14 63 1 6 16 64 1 0 16 65 1 0 16 66 1 0 17 67 1 0 17 68 1 0 18 69 1 0 18 70 1 0 19 71 1 6 21 72 1 0 21 73 1 0 21 74 1 0 22 75 1 0 22 76 1 0 22 77 1 0 23 78 1 6 24 79 1 0 24 80 1 0 25 81 1 0 25 82 1 0 27 83 1 0 27 84 1 0 27 85 1 0 29 86 1 6 30 87 1 1 31 88 1 6 32 89 1 6 33 90 1 0 33 91 1 0 35 92 1 0 36 93 1 0 37 94 1 0 38 95 1 6 39 96 1 0 39 97 1 0 42 98 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	HZLWUYJLOIAQFC-HRDZKRTASA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C35H56O7/c1-30(2)14-16-35(29(39)40)17-15-33(6)20(21(35)18-30)8-9-24-32(5)12-11-25(31(3,4)23(32)10-13-34(24,33)7)42-28-27(38)26(37)22(36)19-41-28/h8,21-28,36-38H,9-19H2,1-7H3,(H,39,40)/t21-,22-,23-,24+,25-,26-,27+,28-,32-,33+,34+,35-/m0/s1
SMILES	CC1(C)CC[C@@]2(CC[C@]3(C)C(=CC[C@@H]4[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)[C@@H]5CC[C@@]34C)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](CO3)O)O)O)[C@@H]2C1)C(=O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	588.4	Volume:	618.836 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.951	LogP:	3.529 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.425 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-5.178 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	3.0	Rigid Bonds:	33.0
TPSA:	116.45 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	7.0
H-Bond Donor:	4.0	Rings:	6.0
Heavy Atoms:	7.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.247	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.132	Fsp³:	0.914
MCE-18:	126.328 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.978	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.013 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.001 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.187	Promiscuous compounds:	0.098

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.686	MDCK Permeability:	-5.154
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.007	Pgp-substrate:	0.002
PAMPA:	1.0 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.003
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.218	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.113
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.935

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.016	MRP1:	0.926
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	87.26%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.555
Fu:	8.865% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.959	BCRP inhibitor:	0.002
BSEP inhibitor:	0.317

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.303	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.001
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.025	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.004
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.531	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.962
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.008
HLM stability:	0.322 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

0.81

Half-life (T1/2):

1.513

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.019	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.03
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.811	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.881
AMES Toxicity:	0.637	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.16
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.113	Skin Sensitization:	0.997
Carcinogencity:	0.783	Eye Corrosion:	0.002
Eye Irritation:	0.307	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.707
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.032	Ototoxicity:	0.829
Hematotoxicity:	0.683	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.955
Genotoxicity:	0.708	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.056
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.399	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.201
BCF:	1.714 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.135 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.494 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.934 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO25976	Dendronephthya gigantea	Species	Nephtheidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[10843584]
NPO31494	Acanthopanax senticosus	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[11816040]
NPO27252	Iochroma australe	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12027740]
NPO26782	Dendrilla membranosa	Species	Darwinellidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	antarctic	n.a.	PMID[15270575]
NPO25976	Dendronephthya gigantea	Species	Nephtheidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[15497934]
NPO16143.1	Phyllanthus polyphyllus	Under-species	n.a.	n.a.	leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16038539]
NPO31494	Acanthopanax senticosus	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17125224]
NPO25841	Caulophyllum thalictroides	Species	Berberidaceae	Eukaryota	underground parts	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19449879]
NPO32682	anemone taipaiensis	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	rhizomes	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23992864]
NPO25976	Dendronephthya gigantea	Species	Nephtheidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[30407007]
NPO31494	Acanthopanax senticosus	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Barks	Iksan, Chunbuk, Korea	n.a.	PMID[3127544]
NPO8622	Stauntonia hexaphylla	Species	Lardizabalaceae	Eukaryota	Fruits	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31301930]
NPO26453	Prunus lusitanica	Species	Rosaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[37240175]
NPO8622	Stauntonia hexaphylla	Species	Lardizabalaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[Article]
NPO25717	Maytenus hookeri	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO14466	Penicillium olsonii	Species	Aspergillaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO3346	Piper sanctum	Species	Piperaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26109	Pilocarpus spicatus	Species	Rutaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO25926	Tephrosia pumila	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26903	Plectranthus purpuratus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO29051	Ranunculus acris	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26163	Anisodus tanguticus	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26213	Tephrosia vogelii	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO18292	Guarea trichilioides	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26952	Cineraria geifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO31494	Acanthopanax senticosus	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO2344	Carlina acanthifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO25976	Dendronephthya gigantea	Species	Nephtheidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO25841	Caulophyllum thalictroides	Species	Berberidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO30520	Patrinia scabiosaefolia	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26352	Heuchera cylindrica	Species	Saxifragaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26078	Mussaenda parviflora	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26782	Dendrilla membranosa	Species	Darwinellidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO25821	Delphinium cashmerianum	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO24378	Osmanthus heterophyllus	Species	Oleaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26625	Stichopus chloronotus	Species	Stichopodidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO25793	Gremmeniella abietina	Species	Helotiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO32682	anemone taipaiensis	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO16143.1	Phyllanthus polyphyllus	Under-species	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO8622	Stauntonia hexaphylla	Species	Lardizabalaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO31494	Acanthopanax senticosus	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO26163	Anisodus tanguticus	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO30520	Patrinia scabiosaefolia	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO8622	Stauntonia hexaphylla	Species	Lardizabalaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO25821	Delphinium cashmerianum	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO25717	Maytenus hookeri	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO26163	Anisodus tanguticus	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO2039	Callerya cinerea	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO29051	Ranunculus acris	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO25717	Maytenus hookeri	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO25821	Delphinium cashmerianum	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO8622	Stauntonia hexaphylla	Species	Lardizabalaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO30520	Patrinia scabiosaefolia	Species	Caprifoliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO31494	Acanthopanax senticosus	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO25717	Maytenus hookeri	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26053	Pluchea suaveolens	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27377	Diaporthe helianthi	Species	Diaporthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26884	Helichrysum davenportii	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25741	Aster ageratoides	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26430	Aplysina laevis	Species	Aplysinidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27252	Iochroma australe	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2344	Carlina acanthifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26213	Tephrosia vogelii	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14466	Penicillium olsonii	Species	Aspergillaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25952	Lastrea thelypteris	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25873	Thaminophyllum multiflorum	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26625	Stichopus chloronotus	Species	Stichopodidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26352	Heuchera cylindrica	Species	Saxifragaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26535	Balanus glandula	Species	Balanidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO18292	Guarea trichilioides	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29051	Ranunculus acris	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26453	Prunus lusitanica	Species	Rosaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26563	Alectoria japonica	Species	Parmeliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26026	Vitis silvestris	Species	Vitaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO13781	Eremostachys moluccelloides	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25717	Maytenus hookeri	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26754	Stevia connata	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26244	Panax papyrifer	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO137	Nepeta multifida	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25997	Senecio rupestris	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19823	Vicia benghalensis	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25926	Tephrosia pumila	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26727	Eremocarpus setiger	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26408	Melanophryniscus moreirae	Species	Bufonidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3346	Piper sanctum	Species	Piperaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25849	Streptomyces lomondensis	Species	Streptomycetaceae	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25793	Gremmeniella abietina	Species	Helotiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26377	Amelanchier vulgaris	Species	Rosaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26186	Stereocaulon leprocauloides	Species	Stereocaulaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25976	Dendronephthya gigantea	Species	Nephtheidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO7214	Bufotes viridis	Species	Bufonidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26782	Dendrilla membranosa	Species	Darwinellidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2039	Callerya cinerea	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26903	Plectranthus purpuratus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26980	Halocarpus biformis	Species	Podocarpaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26109	Pilocarpus spicatus	Species	Rutaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO24378	Osmanthus heterophyllus	Species	Oleaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26678	Calea pilosa	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO11845	Petrorhagia dubia	Species	Caryophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26289	Lecidella chodati	Species	Lecanoraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26952	Cineraria geifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25821	Delphinium cashmerianum	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26163	Anisodus tanguticus	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26078	Mussaenda parviflora	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26135	Walsura tubulata	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25841	Caulophyllum thalictroides	Species	Berberidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO8622	Stauntonia hexaphylla	Species	Lardizabalaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	10

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	8
Non-molecular	2

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT639	Cell line	NCI-H187	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	3.2	ug.mL-1	PMID[16038539]
NPT189	Cell line	Vero	Chlorocebus aethiops	IC50	=	2.8	ug.mL-1	PMID[16038539]
NPT116	Cell line	HL-60	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	3.4	ug.mL-1	PMID[19449879]
NPT165	Cell line	HeLa	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	19590.0	nM	PMID[23992864]
NPT81	Cell line	A549	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	22340.0	nM	PMID[23992864]
NPT116	Cell line	HL-60	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	9130.0	nM	PMID[23992864]
NPT65	Cell line	HepG2	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	11570.0	nM	PMID[23992864]
NPT113	Cell line	RAW264.7	Mus musculus	IC50	=	4000.0	nM	PMID[31301930]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	IC50	=	1.7	ug.mL-1	PMID[16038539]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	IC50	=	15760.0	nM	PMID[23992864]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC283849 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	19185
0.1-0.2	25583
0.2-0.3	3640
0.3-0.4	869
0.4-0.5	401
0.5-0.6	94
0.6-0.7	51
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	7
0.85-0.9	3
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8933	High Similarity	NPC28198
0.8933	High Similarity	NPC476123
0.859	High Similarity	NPC100383
0.8452	Intermediate Similarity	NPC6377
0.8452	Intermediate Similarity	NPC208381
0.8235	Intermediate Similarity	NPC488561
0.8125	Intermediate Similarity	NPC242611
0.8068	Intermediate Similarity	NPC104400
0.8068	Intermediate Similarity	NPC10320
0.8046	Intermediate Similarity	NPC469945
0.7975	Intermediate Similarity	NPC606107
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPC286347
0.7692	Intermediate Similarity	NPC481082
0.7692	Intermediate Similarity	NPC164419
0.7609	Intermediate Similarity	NPC79718
0.7586	Intermediate Similarity	NPC56713
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC73829
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC127056
0.7216	Intermediate Similarity	NPC280941
0.7216	Intermediate Similarity	NPC235772
0.7195	Intermediate Similarity	NPC204407
0.7045	Intermediate Similarity	NPC164194
0.7033	Intermediate Similarity	NPC488516
0.7024	Intermediate Similarity	NPC177246
0.6974	Remote Similarity	NPC120840
0.6923	Remote Similarity	NPC114441
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPC284807
0.6889	Remote Similarity	NPC136877
0.6863	Remote Similarity	NPC166422
0.6848	Remote Similarity	NPC472949
0.6813	Remote Similarity	NPC174679
0.6813	Remote Similarity	NPC25605
0.6813	Remote Similarity	NPC279554
0.6813	Remote Similarity	NPC59804
0.6774	Remote Similarity	NPC22956
0.6739	Remote Similarity	NPC109079
0.6737	Remote Similarity	NPC180550
0.6737	Remote Similarity	NPC35405
0.6735	Remote Similarity	NPC324875
0.6735	Remote Similarity	NPC292677
0.6705	Remote Similarity	NPC294112
0.6701	Remote Similarity	NPC488515
0.6701	Remote Similarity	NPC119794
0.6598	Remote Similarity	NPC257468
0.6552	Remote Similarity	NPC31839
0.65	Remote Similarity	NPC488209
0.6484	Remote Similarity	NPC127853
0.6484	Remote Similarity	NPC270667
0.6458	Remote Similarity	NPC114304
0.6444	Remote Similarity	NPC191410
0.6381	Remote Similarity	NPC219180
0.6374	Remote Similarity	NPC475472
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC480946
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC130577
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC142415
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC102683
0.6337	Remote Similarity	NPC488564
0.6286	Remote Similarity	NPC323341
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPC80843
0.6238	Remote Similarity	NPC75318
0.6226	Remote Similarity	NPC251263
0.6214	Remote Similarity	NPC62725
0.6196	Remote Similarity	NPC480938
0.617	Remote Similarity	NPC12288
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPC473538
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPC288205
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPC51465
0.6139	Remote Similarity	NPC276093
0.6076	Remote Similarity	NPC270768
0.6076	Remote Similarity	NPC59263
0.6076	Remote Similarity	NPC210106
0.6042	Remote Similarity	NPC480424
0.6024	Remote Similarity	NPC96580
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC139044
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC471383
0.5982	Remote Similarity	NPC161717
0.5926	Remote Similarity	NPC298554
0.5904	Remote Similarity	NPC296164
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPC484832
0.5875	Remote Similarity	NPC275809
0.5851	Remote Similarity	NPC475611
0.5841	Remote Similarity	NPC471385
0.5825	Remote Similarity	NPC37134
0.5818	Remote Similarity	NPC54636
0.5802	Remote Similarity	NPC158141
0.5769	Remote Similarity	NPC323359
0.5732	Remote Similarity	NPC200752
0.5688	Remote Similarity	NPC471384
0.5688	Remote Similarity	NPC133818
0.5684	Remote Similarity	NPC90856
0.5679	Remote Similarity	NPC282616
0.5679	Remote Similarity	NPC84319
0.5679	Remote Similarity	NPC52021
0.5679	Remote Similarity	NPC599947
0.566	Remote Similarity	NPC475486
0.5641	Remote Similarity	NPC604575
0.561	Remote Similarity	NPC231063
0.561	Remote Similarity	NPC282395
0.561	Remote Similarity	NPC481360
0.561	Remote Similarity	NPC110308
0.5604	Remote Similarity	NPC57362
0.5595	Remote Similarity	NPC608622
0.5581	Remote Similarity	NPC474727
0.5532	Remote Similarity	NPC128925
0.5529	Remote Similarity	NPC488521
0.5524	Remote Similarity	NPC145899
0.5517	Remote Similarity	NPC601365
0.5488	Remote Similarity	NPC182797
0.5488	Remote Similarity	NPC52169
0.5488	Remote Similarity	NPC488562
0.5472	Remote Similarity	NPC301449
0.5472	Remote Similarity	NPC291903
0.5472	Remote Similarity	NPC601290
0.5464	Remote Similarity	NPC1046
0.5446	Remote Similarity	NPC263756
0.5446	Remote Similarity	NPC213674
0.5422	Remote Similarity	NPC106112
0.5422	Remote Similarity	NPC261935
0.5413	Remote Similarity	NPC475119
0.537	Remote Similarity	NPC187290
0.5366	Remote Similarity	NPC198664
0.5364	Remote Similarity	NPC200788
0.5364	Remote Similarity	NPC473824
0.5361	Remote Similarity	NPC204458
0.5361	Remote Similarity	NPC171007
0.5361	Remote Similarity	NPC473481
0.5361	Remote Similarity	NPC190849
0.5351	Remote Similarity	NPC488211
0.5347	Remote Similarity	NPC610795
0.5321	Remote Similarity	NPC11242
0.5312	Remote Similarity	NPC480937
0.5306	Remote Similarity	NPC22676
0.5306	Remote Similarity	NPC76999
0.5306	Remote Similarity	NPC78046
0.5301	Remote Similarity	NPC121798
0.5301	Remote Similarity	NPC37038
0.5301	Remote Similarity	NPC156981
0.5301	Remote Similarity	NPC234346
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC485589
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC474963
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC469946
0.5278	Remote Similarity	NPC477193
0.5268	Remote Similarity	NPC243680
0.5229	Remote Similarity	NPC477194
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC485588
0.52	Remote Similarity	NPC605663
0.5182	Remote Similarity	NPC480939
0.5175	Remote Similarity	NPC475140
0.5155	Remote Similarity	NPC475633
0.5149	Remote Similarity	NPC309780
0.5149	Remote Similarity	NPC108748
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC488526
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC473383
0.5135	Remote Similarity	NPC476992
0.5122	Remote Similarity	NPC280654
0.5119	Remote Similarity	NPC64872
0.5119	Remote Similarity	NPC25906
0.5102	Remote Similarity	NPC480943
0.51	Remote Similarity	NPC198621
0.51	Remote Similarity	NPC216940
0.5059	Remote Similarity	NPC130278
0.5056	Remote Similarity	NPC485586
0.5052	Remote Similarity	NPC256798
0.5049	Remote Similarity	NPC295371
0.5049	Remote Similarity	NPC157868
0.5048	Remote Similarity	NPC117714
0.5048	Remote Similarity	NPC30289
0.5047	Remote Similarity	NPC297263
0.5046	Remote Similarity	NPC481079

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC283849 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6098
0.1-0.2	2983
0.2-0.3	57
0.3-0.4	9
0.4-0.5	2
0.5-0.6	1
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.5773	Remote Similarity	NPD8295	Clinical (unspecified phase)

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data