Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  737.38
Volume:  711.388
LogP:  2.27
LogD:  1.943
LogS:  -2.407
# Rotatable Bonds:  12
TPSA:  235.73
# H-Bond Aceptor:  14
# H-Bond Donor:  7
# Rings:  5
# Heavy Atoms:  15

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.108
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  6.077
Fsp3:  1.0
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Rejected
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Rejected
BMS Rule:  1
Golden Triangle Rule:  Rejected
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -5.562
MDCK Permeability:  3.8317477446980774e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.027
Pgp-substrate:  0.047
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.131
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.503
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.991

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.014
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  92.38916778564453%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.525
Pgp-substrate:  5.565474987030029%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.001
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.95
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.002
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.536
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.001
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.016
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.002
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.072
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.03
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.018

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  1.247
Half-life (T1/2):  0.36

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.569
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.323
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.034
AMES Toxicity:  0.092
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.259
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.037
Skin Sensitization:  0.594
Carcinogencity:  0.073
Eye Corrosion:  0.023
Eye Irritation:  0.014
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.985

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General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC473287

Natural Product ID:  NPC473287
Common Name*:   Certonardoside J
IUPAC Name:   sodium;[(3S,4R,5R,6S,8S,9R,10S,13R,14S,15S,16R,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-[2-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxyethyl]-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-3,4,8,15,16-pentahydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-yl] sulfate
Synonyms:  
Standard InCHIKey:  NLVHNQPHSCEZHU-LWFWFGOYSA-M
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C35H62O14S.Na/c1-17(2)19(11-14-47-32-30(41)27(38)22(46-6)16-48-32)8-7-18(3)24-28(39)29(40)31-34(24,5)13-10-23-33(4)12-9-20(36)26(37)25(33)21(15-35(23,31)42)49-50(43,44)45;/h17-32,36-42H,7-16H2,1-6H3,(H,43,44,45);/q;+1/p-1/t18-,19-,20+,21+,22-,23-,24+,25+,26+,27+,28-,29-,30-,31-,32-,33-,34-,35+;/m1./s1
SMILES:  CO[C@@H]1CO[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)OCC[C@H](C(C)C)CC[C@H]([C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H]([C@@H]2[C@]1(C)CC[C@H]1[C@@]2(O)C[C@@H]([C@@H]2[C@]1(C)CC[C@@H]([C@@H]2O)O)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])O)C.[Na+]
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL395820
PubChem CID:   23675029
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives
        • [CHEMONTID:0002031] Stigmastanes and derivatives

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO7293 Certonardoa semiregularis Species Ophidiasteridae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[12444692]
NPO7293 Certonardoa semiregularis Species Ophidiasteridae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[12662097]
NPO7293 Certonardoa semiregularis Species Ophidiasteridae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[15104487]
NPO7293 Certonardoa semiregularis Species Ophidiasteridae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[15497935]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT165 Cell Line HeLa Homo sapiens CC50 = 58.8 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT25 Cell Line MT4 Homo sapiens CC50 = 67.4 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT189 Cell Line Vero Chlorocebus aethiops CC50 > 100.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT190 Organism Human herpesvirus 1 Human herpesvirus 1 EC50 = 81.1 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT1141 Organism Human herpesvirus 2 Human herpesvirus 2 EC50 = 82.3 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT3119 Organism Human coxsackievirus B3 Human coxsackievirus B3 EC50 > 58.8 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT4337 Organism Encephalomyocarditis virus Encephalomyocarditis virus EC50 > 58.8 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT2516 Organism Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus EC50 > 58.8 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT24 Organism Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 EC50 > 67.4 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]
NPT3795 Organism Human immunodeficiency virus 2 Human immunodeficiency virus 2 EC50 > 67.4 ug.mL-1 PMID[538017]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC473287 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.9775 High Similarity NPC473503
0.9775 High Similarity NPC475325
0.9667 High Similarity NPC469710
0.9663 High Similarity NPC277774
0.9663 High Similarity NPC476669
0.9565 High Similarity NPC473638
0.9551 High Similarity NPC293609
0.9551 High Similarity NPC473637
0.9551 High Similarity NPC476668
0.9551 High Similarity NPC36372
0.9451 High Similarity NPC92196
0.9438 High Similarity NPC279329
0.9438 High Similarity NPC223143
0.9362 High Similarity NPC477225
0.9341 High Similarity NPC477224
0.9341 High Similarity NPC3538
0.9341 High Similarity NPC309866
0.9341 High Similarity NPC113500
0.9326 High Similarity NPC102725
0.9326 High Similarity NPC473472
0.9231 High Similarity NPC167644
0.9231 High Similarity NPC311246
0.9213 High Similarity NPC281004
0.9149 High Similarity NPC473616
0.9121 High Similarity NPC204881
0.9121 High Similarity NPC149966
0.9121 High Similarity NPC5632
0.9121 High Similarity NPC473830
0.9101 High Similarity NPC140446
0.9101 High Similarity NPC43912
0.9043 High Similarity NPC477222
0.9043 High Similarity NPC477223
0.9032 High Similarity NPC473067
0.9032 High Similarity NPC473064
0.9032 High Similarity NPC473065
0.9011 High Similarity NPC65550
0.9011 High Similarity NPC473542
0.8925 High Similarity NPC45959
0.8925 High Similarity NPC252253
0.8925 High Similarity NPC175
0.8925 High Similarity NPC24960
0.8925 High Similarity NPC473774
0.8901 High Similarity NPC131466
0.8901 High Similarity NPC20822
0.8901 High Similarity NPC82955
0.8876 High Similarity NPC290612
0.8842 High Similarity NPC233649
0.8842 High Similarity NPC470028
0.883 High Similarity NPC477494
0.883 High Similarity NPC474399
0.8817 High Similarity NPC473726
0.8817 High Similarity NPC149400
0.8817 High Similarity NPC137004
0.8817 High Similarity NPC172838
0.8817 High Similarity NPC144790
0.8817 High Similarity NPC88962
0.8737 High Similarity NPC476510
0.8737 High Similarity NPC296936
0.8737 High Similarity NPC121453
0.8737 High Similarity NPC304011
0.8737 High Similarity NPC139271
0.8737 High Similarity NPC142264
0.8723 High Similarity NPC473851
0.8723 High Similarity NPC222731
0.8723 High Similarity NPC312678
0.8723 High Similarity NPC179859
0.8723 High Similarity NPC131693
0.8723 High Similarity NPC253268
0.8723 High Similarity NPC294686
0.8723 High Similarity NPC174024
0.8723 High Similarity NPC475436
0.8723 High Similarity NPC291547
0.8713 High Similarity NPC474573
0.871 High Similarity NPC229801
0.871 High Similarity NPC59006
0.871 High Similarity NPC210759
0.871 High Similarity NPC307167
0.8681 High Similarity NPC472396
0.8646 High Similarity NPC274200
0.8632 High Similarity NPC57964
0.8632 High Similarity NPC94582
0.8617 High Similarity NPC297348
0.8617 High Similarity NPC477451
0.8617 High Similarity NPC177834
0.8617 High Similarity NPC234352
0.8617 High Similarity NPC250393
0.8617 High Similarity NPC141769
0.8617 High Similarity NPC48339
0.8617 High Similarity NPC325828
0.8617 High Similarity NPC249204
0.8617 High Similarity NPC477547
0.8614 High Similarity NPC475634
0.8571 High Similarity NPC475574
0.8571 High Similarity NPC476839
0.8571 High Similarity NPC471240
0.8571 High Similarity NPC476838
0.8557 High Similarity NPC473518
0.8557 High Similarity NPC291548
0.8542 High Similarity NPC195297
0.8542 High Similarity NPC473601
0.8526 High Similarity NPC151214
0.8526 High Similarity NPC305418
0.8526 High Similarity NPC217205
0.8526 High Similarity NPC471464
0.8526 High Similarity NPC30687
0.8526 High Similarity NPC264101
0.8526 High Similarity NPC291203
0.8526 High Similarity NPC191915
0.85 High Similarity NPC475521
0.8495 Intermediate Similarity NPC228059
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC134967
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC114700
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC470029
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC310138
0.8462 Intermediate Similarity NPC475312
0.8462 Intermediate Similarity NPC232044
0.8462 Intermediate Similarity NPC273290
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC476112
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC470862
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC475207
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC115165
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC210157
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC232611
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC303069
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC51520
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC307534
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC470861
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC470591
0.8454 Intermediate Similarity NPC83137
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC478054
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC241959
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC475351
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC6295
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC19400
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC107188
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC473610
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC473727
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC211354
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC107962
0.8438 Intermediate Similarity NPC206003
0.8387 Intermediate Similarity NPC128475
0.8384 Intermediate Similarity NPC472081
0.8384 Intermediate Similarity NPC478106
0.8384 Intermediate Similarity NPC477172
0.8384 Intermediate Similarity NPC476512
0.8384 Intermediate Similarity NPC108227
0.8384 Intermediate Similarity NPC31346
0.8352 Intermediate Similarity NPC474156
0.8352 Intermediate Similarity NPC227260
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC287483
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC238796
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC156377
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC475643
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC475625
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC203434
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC284104
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC116756
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC128572
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC30856
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC470864
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC252056
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC98018
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC84111
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC472989
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC103616
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC470865
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC132080
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC470863
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC232037
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC470866
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC160426
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC97700
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC184617
0.8351 Intermediate Similarity NPC237071
0.8317 Intermediate Similarity NPC312774
0.8286 Intermediate Similarity NPC475354
0.8283 Intermediate Similarity NPC41843
0.8283 Intermediate Similarity NPC470030
0.828 Intermediate Similarity NPC210658
0.828 Intermediate Similarity NPC161928
0.8218 Intermediate Similarity NPC139181
0.8218 Intermediate Similarity NPC97260
0.8218 Intermediate Similarity NPC476837
0.8182 Intermediate Similarity NPC292775
0.8152 Intermediate Similarity NPC320824
0.8132 Intermediate Similarity NPC296734
0.8132 Intermediate Similarity NPC470611
0.81 Intermediate Similarity NPC20028
0.809 Intermediate Similarity NPC67657
0.809 Intermediate Similarity NPC177343
0.809 Intermediate Similarity NPC18857
0.8081 Intermediate Similarity NPC76486
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPC266651
0.8061 Intermediate Similarity NPC215570
0.8041 Intermediate Similarity NPC182740
0.8041 Intermediate Similarity NPC470623
0.8041 Intermediate Similarity NPC18724
0.8041 Intermediate Similarity NPC122083
0.8041 Intermediate Similarity NPC323231
0.8041 Intermediate Similarity NPC224003

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC473287 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.8617 High Similarity NPD8171 Discontinued
0.7912 Intermediate Similarity NPD6928 Phase 2
0.7788 Intermediate Similarity NPD8170 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7368 Intermediate Similarity NPD7516 Approved
0.7281 Intermediate Similarity NPD7328 Approved
0.7281 Intermediate Similarity NPD7327 Approved
0.7241 Intermediate Similarity NPD8296 Approved
0.7241 Intermediate Similarity NPD8380 Approved
0.7241 Intermediate Similarity NPD8335 Approved
0.7241 Intermediate Similarity NPD8379 Approved
0.7241 Intermediate Similarity NPD8378 Approved
0.7191 Intermediate Similarity NPD4267 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7155 Intermediate Similarity NPD8294 Approved
0.7155 Intermediate Similarity NPD8377 Approved
0.7094 Intermediate Similarity NPD8033 Approved
0.708 Intermediate Similarity NPD8133 Approved
0.7019 Intermediate Similarity NPD7991 Discontinued
0.6882 Remote Similarity NPD1810 Approved
0.6882 Remote Similarity NPD1811 Approved
0.6739 Remote Similarity NPD7532 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6726 Remote Similarity NPD8132 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6721 Remote Similarity NPD7507 Approved
0.6696 Remote Similarity NPD6412 Phase 2
0.6694 Remote Similarity NPD7319 Approved
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPD7503 Approved
0.6629 Remote Similarity NPD371 Approved
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPD4787 Phase 1
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPD2686 Approved
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPD2687 Approved
0.6559 Remote Similarity NPD2254 Approved
0.6525 Remote Similarity NPD6940 Discontinued
0.6491 Remote Similarity NPD8174 Phase 2
0.648 Remote Similarity NPD7736 Approved
0.6436 Remote Similarity NPD3669 Approved
0.6436 Remote Similarity NPD3670 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPD6115 Approved
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPD6697 Approved
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPD6114 Approved
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPD6118 Approved
0.6341 Remote Similarity NPD6370 Approved
0.6333 Remote Similarity NPD8295 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6327 Remote Similarity NPD6116 Phase 1
0.627 Remote Similarity NPD8293 Discontinued
0.6224 Remote Similarity NPD6117 Approved
0.6179 Remote Similarity NPD6059 Approved
0.6179 Remote Similarity NPD6054 Approved
0.6139 Remote Similarity NPD7525 Registered
0.6038 Remote Similarity NPD7524 Approved
0.6032 Remote Similarity NPD6067 Discontinued
0.6032 Remote Similarity NPD8328 Phase 3
0.6031 Remote Similarity NPD8449 Approved
0.602 Remote Similarity NPD6113 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6019 Remote Similarity NPD6701 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6019 Remote Similarity NPD6700 Approved
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD6015 Approved
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD6016 Approved
0.5985 Remote Similarity NPD8450 Suspended
0.5984 Remote Similarity NPD7492 Approved
0.5979 Remote Similarity NPD4809 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5979 Remote Similarity NPD4808 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5965 Remote Similarity NPD1700 Approved
0.5963 Remote Similarity NPD6702 Approved
0.5963 Remote Similarity NPD8034 Phase 2
0.5963 Remote Similarity NPD6703 Approved
0.5963 Remote Similarity NPD8035 Phase 2
0.596 Remote Similarity NPD3703 Phase 2
0.596 Remote Similarity NPD3702 Approved
0.5952 Remote Similarity NPD5988 Approved
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPD6616 Approved
0.5932 Remote Similarity NPD6686 Approved
0.5932 Remote Similarity NPD5345 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5929 Remote Similarity NPD7625 Phase 1
0.592 Remote Similarity NPD6319 Approved
0.5891 Remote Similarity NPD7078 Approved
0.5876 Remote Similarity NPD4245 Approved
0.5876 Remote Similarity NPD4244 Approved
0.5868 Remote Similarity NPD8297 Approved
0.5868 Remote Similarity NPD6882 Approved
0.5826 Remote Similarity NPD4159 Approved
0.5812 Remote Similarity NPD4056 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5812 Remote Similarity NPD4057 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPD6009 Approved
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD7638 Approved
0.5784 Remote Similarity NPD5364 Discontinued
0.5773 Remote Similarity NPD3700 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5773 Remote Similarity NPD3698 Phase 2
0.5773 Remote Similarity NPD3699 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD1779 Approved
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD1780 Approved
0.5755 Remote Similarity NPD7338 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.575 Remote Similarity NPD4061 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5739 Remote Similarity NPD7639 Approved
0.5739 Remote Similarity NPD7640 Approved
0.5725 Remote Similarity NPD6033 Approved
0.5701 Remote Similarity NPD7520 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5691 Remote Similarity NPD4632 Approved
0.567 Remote Similarity NPD5360 Phase 3
0.567 Remote Similarity NPD5361 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.566 Remote Similarity NPD6695 Phase 3
0.5657 Remote Similarity NPD5777 Approved
0.5648 Remote Similarity NPD8308 Discontinued
0.5641 Remote Similarity NPD7632 Discontinued
0.563 Remote Similarity NPD7128 Approved
0.563 Remote Similarity NPD6402 Approved
0.563 Remote Similarity NPD5739 Approved
0.563 Remote Similarity NPD6675 Approved
0.562 Remote Similarity NPD6372 Approved
0.562 Remote Similarity NPD6373 Approved

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data