Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  938.51
Volume:  902.785
LogP:  -0.315
LogD:  1.626
LogS:  -2.389
# Rotatable Bonds:  14
TPSA:  338.6
# H-Bond Aceptor:  20
# H-Bond Donor:  14
# Rings:  7
# Heavy Atoms:  20

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.076
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  6.435
Fsp3:  1.0
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Rejected
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Rejected
BMS Rule:  1
Golden Triangle Rule:  Rejected
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -6.465
MDCK Permeability:  0.00033251955755986273
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.038
Pgp-substrate:  0.985
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.999
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.657
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  1.0

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.055
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  42.52953338623047%
Volume Distribution (VD):  -0.097
Pgp-substrate:  14.995495796203613%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.001
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.02
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.001
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.064
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.0
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.005
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.0
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.026
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.003
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.006

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  0.493
Half-life (T1/2):  0.794

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.635
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.103
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.021
AMES Toxicity:  0.068
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.024
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.003
Skin Sensitization:  0.947
Carcinogencity:  0.083
Eye Corrosion:  0.003
Eye Irritation:  0.008
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.827

Download Data

Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC172838

Natural Product ID:  NPC172838
Common Name*:   Chamaeliroside E
IUPAC Name:   (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,5S,6R,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17R)-17-[(2R,4R,5S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-6-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
Synonyms:   chamaeliroside E
Standard InCHIKey:  FHQKGHCEAYOEKL-SZZYPCJXSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C45H78O20/c1-17(2)31(50)25(49)10-18(3)30-26(62-43-40(59)36(55)33(52)28(15-47)64-43)13-22-20-12-24(48)23-11-19(6-8-44(23,4)21(20)7-9-45(22,30)5)61-42-39(58)37(56)34(53)29(65-42)16-60-41-38(57)35(54)32(51)27(14-46)63-41/h17-43,46-59H,6-16H2,1-5H3/t18-,19+,20-,21+,22+,23-,24-,25-,26+,27-,28-,29-,30+,31+,32-,33-,34-,35+,36+,37+,38-,39-,40-,41-,42-,43-,44-,45+/m1/s1
SMILES:  OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](OC[C@H]2O[C@@H](O[C@H]3CC[C@]4([C@H](C3)[C@H](O)C[C@@H]3[C@@H]4CC[C@]4([C@H]3C[C@@H]([C@@H]4[C@@H](C[C@H]([C@H](C(C)C)O)O)C)O[C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O)C)C)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]2O)O)O)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]1O)O)O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL2088131
PubChem CID:   66553743
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives
        • [CHEMONTID:0001013] Steroidal glycosides

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO33234 chamaellirium luteum Species n.a. n.a. roots sourced from Botanical Liaisons Ltd. (USA) and Blessed Herbs Ltd. (USA) n.a. PMID[22880631]
NPO11520 Homalanthus acuminatus Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO11520 Homalanthus acuminatus Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO10817 Perilla ocymoides Species Araneidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2470 Abies spectabilis Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11520 Homalanthus acuminatus Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT1523 Cell Line NFF Homo sapiens IC50 > 50.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[522609]
NPT165 Cell Line HeLa Homo sapiens IC50 > 50.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[522609]
NPT139 Cell Line HT-29 Homo sapiens IC50 > 50.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[522609]
NPT83 Cell Line MCF7 Homo sapiens IC50 > 50.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[522609]
NPT1524 Cell Line MM96L Homo sapiens IC50 > 50.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[522609]
NPT111 Cell Line K562 Homo sapiens IC50 > 50.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[522609]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC172838 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
1.0 High Similarity NPC137004
0.9767 High Similarity NPC65550
0.9663 High Similarity NPC139271
0.9663 High Similarity NPC304011
0.9663 High Similarity NPC121453
0.9659 High Similarity NPC253268
0.9659 High Similarity NPC475436
0.9659 High Similarity NPC174024
0.9659 High Similarity NPC473851
0.9659 High Similarity NPC312678
0.9659 High Similarity NPC217205
0.9659 High Similarity NPC291203
0.9659 High Similarity NPC179859
0.9659 High Similarity NPC291547
0.9659 High Similarity NPC131693
0.9655 High Similarity NPC473830
0.9655 High Similarity NPC204881
0.9556 High Similarity NPC307534
0.9556 High Similarity NPC470591
0.9556 High Similarity NPC476112
0.9551 High Similarity NPC206003
0.9551 High Similarity NPC19400
0.9551 High Similarity NPC6295
0.9551 High Similarity NPC473727
0.9551 High Similarity NPC473610
0.9551 High Similarity NPC107188
0.9551 High Similarity NPC475351
0.9551 High Similarity NPC211354
0.9551 High Similarity NPC107962
0.9545 High Similarity NPC177834
0.9545 High Similarity NPC234352
0.9545 High Similarity NPC250393
0.9545 High Similarity NPC141769
0.9545 High Similarity NPC48339
0.9545 High Similarity NPC297348
0.9545 High Similarity NPC325828
0.9545 High Similarity NPC473726
0.9545 High Similarity NPC144790
0.9545 High Similarity NPC249204
0.9545 High Similarity NPC149400
0.9545 High Similarity NPC477451
0.9545 High Similarity NPC477547
0.9545 High Similarity NPC88962
0.9535 High Similarity NPC281004
0.9451 High Similarity NPC473518
0.9444 High Similarity NPC284104
0.9444 High Similarity NPC475643
0.9444 High Similarity NPC287483
0.9444 High Similarity NPC84111
0.9444 High Similarity NPC470866
0.9444 High Similarity NPC97700
0.9444 High Similarity NPC116756
0.9444 High Similarity NPC195297
0.9444 High Similarity NPC470865
0.9444 High Similarity NPC160426
0.9444 High Similarity NPC98018
0.9444 High Similarity NPC470863
0.9444 High Similarity NPC184617
0.9444 High Similarity NPC232037
0.9444 High Similarity NPC30856
0.9444 High Similarity NPC473601
0.9444 High Similarity NPC103616
0.9444 High Similarity NPC128572
0.9444 High Similarity NPC475625
0.9444 High Similarity NPC132080
0.9444 High Similarity NPC470864
0.9438 High Similarity NPC45959
0.9438 High Similarity NPC264101
0.9438 High Similarity NPC309866
0.9438 High Similarity NPC305418
0.9438 High Similarity NPC294686
0.9438 High Similarity NPC24960
0.9438 High Similarity NPC252253
0.9438 High Similarity NPC471464
0.9438 High Similarity NPC222731
0.9438 High Similarity NPC473774
0.9425 High Similarity NPC131466
0.9425 High Similarity NPC473472
0.9425 High Similarity NPC102725
0.9341 High Similarity NPC274200
0.9341 High Similarity NPC51520
0.9341 High Similarity NPC477223
0.9341 High Similarity NPC115165
0.9341 High Similarity NPC477222
0.9341 High Similarity NPC232611
0.9341 High Similarity NPC83137
0.9341 High Similarity NPC470862
0.9341 High Similarity NPC210157
0.9341 High Similarity NPC303069
0.9341 High Similarity NPC470861
0.9333 High Similarity NPC92196
0.9333 High Similarity NPC474399
0.9318 High Similarity NPC279329
0.9318 High Similarity NPC223143
0.9318 High Similarity NPC473542
0.9239 High Similarity NPC291548
0.9231 High Similarity NPC142264
0.9231 High Similarity NPC476510
0.9231 High Similarity NPC296936
0.9213 High Similarity NPC293609
0.9213 High Similarity NPC5632
0.9213 High Similarity NPC149966
0.9213 High Similarity NPC307167
0.9213 High Similarity NPC210759
0.9213 High Similarity NPC36372
0.9213 High Similarity NPC476668
0.9213 High Similarity NPC473637
0.9213 High Similarity NPC229801
0.9195 High Similarity NPC43912
0.9195 High Similarity NPC140446
0.913 High Similarity NPC233649
0.913 High Similarity NPC475207
0.913 High Similarity NPC470028
0.9121 High Similarity NPC477494
0.9111 High Similarity NPC476669
0.9111 High Similarity NPC277774
0.9111 High Similarity NPC167644
0.9111 High Similarity NPC311246
0.9043 High Similarity NPC476838
0.9043 High Similarity NPC476839
0.9043 High Similarity NPC475574
0.9032 High Similarity NPC473616
0.9011 High Similarity NPC175
0.9011 High Similarity NPC477224
0.9011 High Similarity NPC3538
0.9011 High Similarity NPC475325
0.9011 High Similarity NPC473503
0.9011 High Similarity NPC113500
0.8989 High Similarity NPC82955
0.8989 High Similarity NPC20822
0.8966 High Similarity NPC290612
0.8947 High Similarity NPC310031
0.8947 High Similarity NPC80191
0.8913 High Similarity NPC469710
0.8913 High Similarity NPC473064
0.8913 High Similarity NPC94582
0.8913 High Similarity NPC473065
0.8913 High Similarity NPC57964
0.8913 High Similarity NPC473067
0.8901 High Similarity NPC470623
0.8901 High Similarity NPC18724
0.8901 High Similarity NPC171741
0.8901 High Similarity NPC323231
0.8901 High Similarity NPC224003
0.8842 High Similarity NPC472081
0.8842 High Similarity NPC108227
0.8842 High Similarity NPC476512
0.883 High Similarity NPC473638
0.8817 High Similarity NPC473287
0.8817 High Similarity NPC238796
0.8817 High Similarity NPC203434
0.8817 High Similarity NPC237071
0.8804 High Similarity NPC471373
0.8804 High Similarity NPC148593
0.8804 High Similarity NPC253611
0.8804 High Similarity NPC267238
0.8804 High Similarity NPC77717
0.875 High Similarity NPC114700
0.875 High Similarity NPC310138
0.875 High Similarity NPC134967
0.875 High Similarity NPC470029
0.8737 High Similarity NPC20028
0.871 High Similarity NPC471429
0.871 High Similarity NPC471425
0.871 High Similarity NPC205129
0.871 High Similarity NPC106701
0.871 High Similarity NPC189575
0.871 High Similarity NPC471424
0.866 High Similarity NPC476837
0.866 High Similarity NPC139181
0.866 High Similarity NPC97260
0.8652 High Similarity NPC471240
0.8646 High Similarity NPC477225
0.8646 High Similarity NPC477172
0.8602 High Similarity NPC191915
0.8602 High Similarity NPC151214
0.8602 High Similarity NPC30687
0.8587 High Similarity NPC59006
0.8571 High Similarity NPC476361
0.8571 High Similarity NPC469827
0.8571 High Similarity NPC475521
0.8571 High Similarity NPC476360
0.8556 High Similarity NPC472396
0.8542 High Similarity NPC41843
0.8539 High Similarity NPC273290
0.8539 High Similarity NPC232044
0.8526 High Similarity NPC76486
0.85 High Similarity NPC128123
0.85 High Similarity NPC51172
0.85 High Similarity NPC475634
0.85 High Similarity NPC475319
0.85 High Similarity NPC202898
0.85 High Similarity NPC125324
0.85 High Similarity NPC92890
0.85 High Similarity NPC49032
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC160816
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC69737
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC152584
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC269627
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC208477

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC172838 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.9545 High Similarity NPD8171 Discontinued
0.8571 High Similarity NPD8170 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.8182 Intermediate Similarity NPD6928 Phase 2
0.7757 Intermediate Similarity NPD8133 Approved
0.7658 Intermediate Similarity NPD8294 Approved
0.7658 Intermediate Similarity NPD8377 Approved
0.7589 Intermediate Similarity NPD8378 Approved
0.7589 Intermediate Similarity NPD8380 Approved
0.7589 Intermediate Similarity NPD8296 Approved
0.7589 Intermediate Similarity NPD8379 Approved
0.7589 Intermediate Similarity NPD8335 Approved
0.7434 Intermediate Similarity NPD8033 Approved
0.7241 Intermediate Similarity NPD4267 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPD7991 Discontinued
0.7168 Intermediate Similarity NPD7328 Approved
0.7168 Intermediate Similarity NPD7327 Approved
0.7111 Intermediate Similarity NPD1810 Approved
0.7111 Intermediate Similarity NPD1811 Approved
0.7105 Intermediate Similarity NPD7516 Approved
0.6909 Remote Similarity NPD8132 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6881 Remote Similarity NPD6412 Phase 2
0.6838 Remote Similarity NPD7503 Approved
0.6783 Remote Similarity NPD8295 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6778 Remote Similarity NPD2687 Approved
0.6778 Remote Similarity NPD2254 Approved
0.6778 Remote Similarity NPD2686 Approved
0.675 Remote Similarity NPD7507 Approved
0.6696 Remote Similarity NPD6940 Discontinued
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPD8174 Phase 2
0.664 Remote Similarity NPD8450 Suspended
0.6633 Remote Similarity NPD3670 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6633 Remote Similarity NPD3669 Approved
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPD6118 Approved
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPD6697 Approved
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPD6115 Approved
0.6632 Remote Similarity NPD6114 Approved
0.6593 Remote Similarity NPD4787 Phase 1
0.6593 Remote Similarity NPD7532 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6585 Remote Similarity NPD7319 Approved
0.6583 Remote Similarity NPD8328 Phase 3
0.656 Remote Similarity NPD8449 Approved
0.6526 Remote Similarity NPD6116 Phase 1
0.6421 Remote Similarity NPD6117 Approved
0.6371 Remote Similarity NPD7736 Approved
0.6322 Remote Similarity NPD6123 Approved
0.6292 Remote Similarity NPD371 Approved
0.623 Remote Similarity NPD6370 Approved
0.6211 Remote Similarity NPD6113 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.617 Remote Similarity NPD4808 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.617 Remote Similarity NPD4809 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6162 Remote Similarity NPD7525 Registered
0.616 Remote Similarity NPD8293 Discontinued
0.6146 Remote Similarity NPD3703 Phase 2
0.6132 Remote Similarity NPD8035 Phase 2
0.6132 Remote Similarity NPD8034 Phase 2
0.6087 Remote Similarity NPD6686 Approved
0.6066 Remote Similarity NPD6054 Approved
0.6066 Remote Similarity NPD6059 Approved
0.6064 Remote Similarity NPD4245 Approved
0.6064 Remote Similarity NPD4244 Approved
0.5979 Remote Similarity NPD3702 Approved
0.5957 Remote Similarity NPD3698 Phase 2
0.5957 Remote Similarity NPD3699 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5957 Remote Similarity NPD3700 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5946 Remote Similarity NPD7638 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD7625 Phase 1
0.5941 Remote Similarity NPD1780 Approved
0.5941 Remote Similarity NPD1779 Approved
0.592 Remote Similarity NPD6067 Discontinued
0.59 Remote Similarity NPD7645 Phase 2
0.5893 Remote Similarity NPD7640 Approved
0.5893 Remote Similarity NPD7639 Approved
0.5887 Remote Similarity NPD6016 Approved
0.5887 Remote Similarity NPD6015 Approved
0.5882 Remote Similarity NPD6882 Approved
0.5882 Remote Similarity NPD8297 Approved
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD7492 Approved
0.5865 Remote Similarity NPD7520 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.584 Remote Similarity NPD5988 Approved
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPD5777 Approved
0.5827 Remote Similarity NPD6616 Approved
0.582 Remote Similarity NPD6009 Approved
0.5814 Remote Similarity NPD7346 Approved
0.581 Remote Similarity NPD8308 Discontinued
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPD6319 Approved
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD7632 Discontinued
0.5781 Remote Similarity NPD7078 Approved
0.576 Remote Similarity NPD8517 Approved
0.576 Remote Similarity NPD8516 Approved
0.576 Remote Similarity NPD8515 Approved
0.576 Remote Similarity NPD8513 Phase 3
0.5755 Remote Similarity NPD7524 Approved
0.5741 Remote Similarity NPD6700 Approved
0.5741 Remote Similarity NPD6701 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5729 Remote Similarity NPD4789 Approved
0.5726 Remote Similarity NPD7646 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5702 Remote Similarity NPD1700 Approved
0.5702 Remote Similarity NPD4632 Approved
0.5698 Remote Similarity NPD888 Phase 3
0.5698 Remote Similarity NPD893 Approved
0.5698 Remote Similarity NPD892 Phase 3
0.5698 Remote Similarity NPD891 Phase 3
0.5698 Remote Similarity NPD890 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.569 Remote Similarity NPD4057 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.569 Remote Similarity NPD4056 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5688 Remote Similarity NPD6702 Approved
0.5688 Remote Similarity NPD6703 Approved
0.5684 Remote Similarity NPD5360 Phase 3
0.5684 Remote Similarity NPD5361 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5678 Remote Similarity NPD5345 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5641 Remote Similarity NPD7128 Approved
0.5641 Remote Similarity NPD6675 Approved
0.5641 Remote Similarity NPD5739 Approved
0.5641 Remote Similarity NPD6402 Approved
0.563 Remote Similarity NPD6372 Approved
0.563 Remote Similarity NPD6373 Approved
0.5619 Remote Similarity NPD7338 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5615 Remote Similarity NPD6033 Approved
0.5614 Remote Similarity NPD8418 Phase 2
0.56 Remote Similarity NPD3701 Clinical (unspecified phase)

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data