NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC217205

Natural Product ID	NPC217205
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Timosaponin Bii
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms	Timosaponin Bii
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL1958309
PubChem CID	44191234
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives [CHEMONTID:0001013] Steroidal glycosides [CHEMONTID:0002364] Steroidal saponins

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 140147 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -9.6351 3.7674 -3.5666 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.6009 2.3575 -3.6158 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.1790 1.8572 -3.6630 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.4779 2.2557 -2.5530 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.9886 1.1777 -1.8071 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.3846 1.6196 -0.6315 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0196 1.4101 -0.6183 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2479 2.7232 -0.6497 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8148 2.3138 -0.9330 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2655 1.8074 0.3821 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3235 1.1882 1.2513 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4887 0.5983 0.4956 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7600 0.0959 2.1064 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3467 0.2651 2.5397 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3966 0.6891 1.4423 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2013 0.7513 0.1793 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4363 0.9826 -1.0769 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8357 0.2039 -1.1757 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5997 0.2580 0.1084 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7303 -0.2595 1.2622 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7466 -0.3108 2.3531 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0681 -0.6527 1.6835 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7153 -0.7281 0.1900 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9752 -0.3479 -0.4988 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4198 -1.5878 -1.2829 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.9028 -0.0083 0.6322 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9427 0.4033 1.6625 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4500 -1.1324 1.1946 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7863 1.1415 0.3712 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.7234 1.2176 -0.7285 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.8766 0.3539 -0.9453 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7538 -1.0958 -1.1411 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.0451 -1.6478 -1.3482 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.8900 -1.5155 -0.2876 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.9267 -0.6617 -0.6692 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.5925 -0.1487 0.4232 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.7614 0.6858 -0.0580 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.3652 1.7361 -0.8507 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.1283 -1.2437 1.3316 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.9696 -2.5790 0.6346 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.5554 -2.8070 0.1547 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.7880 -3.2840 1.2362 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.8091 -2.6234 -0.4744 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.4916 -1.2269 2.5655 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.5366 0.8802 -2.2702 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9846 1.6743 0.3969 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7268 3.0396 1.0961 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0349 0.1459 -1.5584 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4256 -0.4780 -2.8883 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0494 0.4171 -4.0125 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.8557 0.2039 -5.1561 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.7967 -0.7225 -2.9655 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.6395 -0.8927 -0.7353 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4274 -1.0496 0.3993 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.6480 -0.9111 1.5198 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3381 -1.1008 2.7033 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.3284 -1.1421 3.8318 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5853 0.0145 3.9475 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1203 -2.3781 2.7429 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.8148 -3.2504 1.5515 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.0378 -2.4515 0.3038 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3727 -2.3010 -0.0165 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5140 -3.7594 1.5668 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.4811 -2.0765 2.6893 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.6955 4.0793 -3.5835 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.1804 2.0466 -4.4961 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.1558 2.0298 -2.7143 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7065 2.4221 -4.5265 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1894 0.7350 -2.4368 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7592 0.9124 -1.5853 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3715 3.2263 0.3085 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5613 3.3757 -1.4830 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2420 3.1790 -1.3239 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8567 1.5643 -1.7207 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7336 1.9770 1.9170 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1821 -0.4289 0.1587 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2906 0.4379 1.2457 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9150 -0.8927 1.6065 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3840 0.0458 3.0414 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9940 -0.7585 2.8701 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2409 0.8924 3.4612 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0359 1.6622 1.7542 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7250 -0.2307 0.0944 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0851 0.5889 -1.9183 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3394 2.0621 -1.2987 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6389 -0.8504 -1.4530 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4739 0.6963 -1.9533 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4137 -1.3009 1.0410 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5104 -1.1903 3.0065 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7935 0.5753 2.9892 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5109 -1.5792 2.0450 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3253 -1.7191 -0.0790 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7933 0.5017 -1.1838 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8658 -1.2456 -2.2389 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5205 -2.1820 -1.5963 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0391 -2.2539 -0.6857 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8695 -1.0000 2.0613 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0903 2.0624 0.3798 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.3399 1.3363 1.3698 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1972 1.2943 -1.7458 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1661 2.2972 -0.6923 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6932 0.6194 -0.1974 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.3344 -1.7082 -0.3518 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2501 -1.2654 -2.1368 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.3744 -1.0229 0.5509 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.9590 0.5188 1.0585 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.4311 0.0182 -0.6370 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.3638 1.0250 0.8276 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.1933 1.4414 -1.7768 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.2150 -1.1109 1.5095 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.2135 -3.4082 1.3430 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.5975 -3.5611 -0.6559 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.3010 -2.5211 1.6731 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.7062 -2.3280 -0.2139 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.0945 -1.2531 3.3317 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.2258 0.1407 -2.6726 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.6707 0.9708 -2.9573 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.9374 1.8834 -2.0994 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1942 1.9157 1.4366 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7898 2.0578 -0.2371 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0846 2.3036 0.1280 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9163 3.5358 0.5375 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.5324 2.8820 2.1577 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5730 3.7932 1.0739 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.9251 0.6847 -1.1543 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.9020 -1.4517 -2.9972 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0102 0.1713 -4.3834 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.6102 0.8274 -5.8621 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.2440 -0.3050 -2.1972 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2370 -0.2903 0.4374 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.9941 -0.2218 2.9132 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6089 -1.9756 3.6383 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.8339 -1.3281 4.8133 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1248 0.7229 4.4134 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.9251 -2.9794 3.6624 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.5572 -4.0881 1.5327 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.5766 -3.0428 -0.5304 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.6532 -1.3474 -0.0792 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.4079 -4.3069 2.3884 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.5806 -1.1745 2.3065 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 11 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 24 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 26 28 1 1 26 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 34 35 1 0 35 36 1 0 36 37 1 0 37 38 1 0 36 39 1 0 39 40 1 0 40 41 1 0 41 42 1 0 40 43 1 0 39 44 1 0 31 45 1 0 19 46 1 1 10 47 1 1 5 48 1 0 48 49 1 0 49 50 1 0 50 51 1 0 49 52 1 0 48 53 1 0 53 54 1 0 54 55 1 0 55 56 1 0 56 57 1 0 57 58 1 0 56 59 1 0 59 60 1 0 60 61 1 0 61 62 1 0 60 63 1 0 59 64 1 0 50 3 1 0 61 54 1 0 12 7 1 0 20 15 1 0 27 22 1 0 41 34 1 0 16 10 1 0 23 19 1 0 1 65 1 0 2 66 1 0 2 67 1 0 3 68 1 6 5 69 1 6 7 70 1 6 8 71 1 0 8 72 1 0 9 73 1 0 9 74 1 0 11 75 1 1 12 76 1 0 12 77 1 0 13 78 1 0 13 79 1 0 14 80 1 0 14 81 1 0 15 82 1 1 16 83 1 6 17 84 1 0 17 85 1 0 18 86 1 0 18 87 1 0 20 88 1 6 21 89 1 0 21 90 1 0 22 91 1 1 23 92 1 6 24 93 1 6 25 94 1 0 25 95 1 0 25 96 1 0 28 97 1 0 29 98 1 0 29 99 1 0 30100 1 0 30101 1 0 31102 1 1 32103 1 0 32104 1 0 34105 1 1 36106 1 1 37107 1 0 37108 1 0 38109 1 0 39110 1 1 40111 1 1 41112 1 6 42113 1 0 43114 1 0 44115 1 0 45116 1 0 45117 1 0 45118 1 0 46119 1 0 46120 1 0 46121 1 0 47122 1 0 47123 1 0 47124 1 0 48125 1 1 49126 1 6 50127 1 6 51128 1 0 52129 1 0 54130 1 1 56131 1 1 57132 1 0 57133 1 0 58134 1 0 59135 1 1 60136 1 6 61137 1 6 62138 1 0 63139 1 0 64140 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	SORUXVRKWOHYEO-UJDJZYEZSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C45H76O19/c1-19(18-58-40-37(55)34(52)31(49)27(15-46)60-40)7-12-45(57)20(2)30-26(64-45)14-25-23-6-5-21-13-22(8-10-43(21,3)24(23)9-11-44(25,30)4)59-42-39(36(54)33(51)29(17-48)62-42)63-41-38(56)35(53)32(50)28(16-47)61-41/h19-42,46-57H,5-18H2,1-4H3/t19-,20-,21+,22-,23+,24-,25-,26-,27+,28+,29+,30-,31+,32+,33-,34-,35-,36-,37+,38+,39+,40+,41-,42+,43-,44-,45+/m0/s1
SMILES	OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2CC[C@]3([C@@H](C2)CC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3CC[C@]3([C@H]2C[C@H]2[C@@H]3[C@H](C)[C@@](O2)(O)CC[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)O)C)C)C)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	920.5	Volume:	885.438 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.04	LogP:	1.181 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	2.202 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.576 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	13.0	Rigid Bonds:	42.0
TPSA:	307.37 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	19.0
H-Bond Donor:	12.0	Rings:	8.0
Heavy Atoms:	19.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.091	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	6.321	Fsp³:	1.0
MCE-18:	157.067 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	1
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.646	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.007 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.0 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.301	Promiscuous compounds:	0.264

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-6.495	MDCK Permeability:	-5.098
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.452
PAMPA:	1.0 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.931
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.658	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	1.0
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	1.0

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.001	MRP1:	0.015
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	48.894%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.391
Fu:	38.921% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	0.003
BSEP inhibitor:	0.0

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.002	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.382	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.014
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.486
HLM stability:	0.001 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

0.093

Half-life (T1/2):

3.25

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.005	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.01
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.771	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.953
AMES Toxicity:	0.953	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.001
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.002	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	0.13	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.0	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.0
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.0	Ototoxicity:	1.0
Hematotoxicity:	0.568	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.945
Genotoxicity:	0.011	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.125
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.967	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.782
BCF:	1.438 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.325 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	4.413 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	3.741 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	rhizomes	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19757853]
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	rhizome	n.a.	PMID[21370894]
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	Rhizomes	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8482946]
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO26741	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT116	Cell line	HL-60	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	15.5	ug.mL-1	PMID[22429911]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC217205 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	26561
0.1-0.2	19754
0.2-0.3	2770
0.3-0.4	581
0.4-0.5	117
0.5-0.6	37
0.6-0.7	27
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC291203
0.8353	Intermediate Similarity	NPC485601
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC98696
0.747	Intermediate Similarity	NPC485600
0.7191	Intermediate Similarity	NPC128123
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC470863
0.7126	Intermediate Similarity	NPC485602
0.7113	Intermediate Similarity	NPC98018
0.7113	Intermediate Similarity	NPC284104
0.7113	Intermediate Similarity	NPC103616
0.6932	Remote Similarity	NPC297348
0.6932	Remote Similarity	NPC249204
0.6932	Remote Similarity	NPC48339
0.6932	Remote Similarity	NPC141769
0.6932	Remote Similarity	NPC477547
0.6796	Remote Similarity	NPC84111
0.6796	Remote Similarity	NPC287483
0.6796	Remote Similarity	NPC470865
0.6593	Remote Similarity	NPC477451
0.6559	Remote Similarity	NPC211354
0.6436	Remote Similarity	NPC73243
0.6436	Remote Similarity	NPC244086
0.6436	Remote Similarity	NPC84956
0.6311	Remote Similarity	NPC247037
0.6275	Remote Similarity	NPC102016
0.6275	Remote Similarity	NPC95051
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPC107962
0.6211	Remote Similarity	NPC476538
0.6211	Remote Similarity	NPC476539
0.6132	Remote Similarity	NPC249265
0.6095	Remote Similarity	NPC470861
0.6075	Remote Similarity	NPC23808
0.6075	Remote Similarity	NPC87998
0.6058	Remote Similarity	NPC51520
0.6058	Remote Similarity	NPC303069
0.604	Remote Similarity	NPC475643
0.6019	Remote Similarity	NPC92297
0.5981	Remote Similarity	NPC218571
0.5981	Remote Similarity	NPC487615
0.59	Remote Similarity	NPC160426
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC474399
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPC273002
0.5729	Remote Similarity	NPC210157
0.57	Remote Similarity	NPC6295
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPC294686
0.5612	Remote Similarity	NPC206003
0.5612	Remote Similarity	NPC473610
0.5566	Remote Similarity	NPC128572
0.5534	Remote Similarity	NPC475351
0.5505	Remote Similarity	NPC475625
0.5464	Remote Similarity	NPC234352
0.5437	Remote Similarity	NPC485599
0.54	Remote Similarity	NPC107188
0.54	Remote Similarity	NPC19400
0.5377	Remote Similarity	NPC92890
0.5361	Remote Similarity	NPC325828
0.5354	Remote Similarity	NPC292467
0.5354	Remote Similarity	NPC222731
0.53	Remote Similarity	NPC476540
0.53	Remote Similarity	NPC476541
0.5268	Remote Similarity	NPC470864
0.5225	Remote Similarity	NPC116756
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC113044
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC283829
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC161676
0.5098	Remote Similarity	NPC54619
0.5096	Remote Similarity	NPC125324
0.5091	Remote Similarity	NPC97700
0.5091	Remote Similarity	NPC30856
0.5047	Remote Similarity	NPC486388
0.5046	Remote Similarity	NPC471464
0.5046	Remote Similarity	NPC51172
0.5046	Remote Similarity	NPC49032
0.5043	Remote Similarity	NPC470866

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC217205 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	7735
0.1-0.2	1333
0.2-0.3	70
0.3-0.4	9
0.4-0.5	2
0.5-0.6	1
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.5361	Remote Similarity	NPD8171	Phase 2

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data