NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC283829

Natural Product ID	NPC283829
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	HDXIQHTUNGFJIC-QGNVFQJYSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL2036075
PubChem CID	57409016
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives [CHEMONTID:0001013] Steroidal glycosides [CHEMONTID:0002364] Steroidal saponins

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 113120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 11.1082 -1.7849 -0.4846 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.8245 -0.9857 -0.7457 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.6298 -0.8126 -2.2122 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2317 -0.7373 -2.6741 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1614 -0.7573 -1.6346 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.6120 0.6208 -1.3198 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0920 1.1816 -0.0345 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1941 0.5367 -1.5840 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1251 -0.6176 -2.5952 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6991 -1.1633 -2.4184 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0479 -0.1669 -1.5221 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8037 -0.6417 -0.8269 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7142 -0.6991 -1.8755 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6164 -0.7189 -1.2238 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8223 -0.5641 0.0669 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1930 -0.6002 0.6159 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4906 0.6936 1.2918 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2876 1.4031 1.8661 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1690 0.4573 2.2211 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2970 -0.3453 1.0337 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6890 -1.7100 1.5625 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3777 0.3167 0.2255 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4739 0.8648 1.0750 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7378 1.2171 0.3430 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1975 0.1437 -0.5783 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4889 -1.0913 0.2049 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4436 0.4600 2.2895 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5817 1.1979 1.9916 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7689 0.2741 1.9408 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8403 0.8355 2.8587 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0318 2.3248 2.5915 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7120 3.0382 2.8238 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7885 3.9206 4.0652 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7727 4.8791 3.8590 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7258 2.1022 3.0654 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.4659 2.5298 1.2778 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5012 0.7016 4.2025 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2876 0.3068 0.6444 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2931 -0.9476 0.0421 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7101 -1.3625 -0.3130 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.9499 -1.4278 -1.7896 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2853 -0.3263 -2.5591 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0056 0.1583 -1.8962 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9984 0.5644 -2.9536 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5193 -0.8765 -1.1119 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.1660 0.7423 -2.7150 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.6345 -2.7033 -2.3004 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.9497 -2.6273 0.2056 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0959 -1.4859 -2.2138 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.4534 -1.3791 -0.4724 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6918 -1.7680 -0.1866 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.9758 -2.7618 -0.9863 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.1236 -1.9812 0.6042 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.9956 -1.2242 -0.8308 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.9971 -0.0126 -0.2157 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.1950 -1.6513 -2.7167 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.2249 0.1025 -2.5073 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.1017 0.2316 -3.2433 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0846 -1.5170 -3.4790 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0582 1.2922 -2.1225 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.1606 1.5266 -0.1778 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5405 2.1413 0.1338 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1154 0.5209 0.8215 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8100 1.4204 -2.1333 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.2301 -0.2350 -3.6325 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6850 -2.1992 -2.0781 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1697 -1.1552 -3.4127 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8198 0.7415 -2.1172 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9349 -1.6915 -0.4765 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7776 0.2648 -2.4586 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8530 -1.5590 -2.5647 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4684 -0.8795 -1.9224 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2637 -1.4663 1.3304 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9412 -0.7347 -0.1987 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8990 1.4025 0.5135 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9135 2.2173 1.2041 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6116 1.9003 2.8033 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6810 1.0259 2.6207 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5013 -0.2331 3.0045 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6511 -1.6968 2.0930 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6237 -2.5129 0.7966 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0925 -2.0253 2.3277 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8675 1.1984 -0.2726 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1071 1.8597 1.4786 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6636 0.2599 1.9918 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4980 1.4265 1.1534 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5703 2.1913 -0.2037 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5475 -1.3764 0.7234 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7739 -1.9788 -0.3720 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.2072 -0.9016 1.0575 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4408 1.7716 1.0417 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4578 -0.7285 2.2309 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.8118 0.3512 2.6293 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7713 2.6964 3.3126 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4537 3.6347 1.9353 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0830 3.3265 4.9415 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7909 4.3317 4.2576 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6917 5.2000 2.9409 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4479 2.6903 1.2357 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4273 -0.2668 4.4093 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8650 -1.6792 0.7660 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4579 -0.6742 0.1228 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.0592 -1.3253 -1.9528 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0838 -0.7036 -3.5990 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2264 1.0666 -1.3047 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0313 0.7610 -2.4627 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9345 -0.2061 -3.7550 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3724 1.5095 -3.4108 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3346 1.2083 -1.8463 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.4383 -3.3204 -1.5605 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.5701 -2.6162 0.9885 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.8321 -2.8405 -0.5125 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.8295 -1.8115 0.9340 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 6 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 2 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 1 20 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 1 17 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 32 35 1 0 31 36 1 0 30 37 1 0 29 38 1 0 38 39 1 0 39 40 1 0 40 41 1 0 41 42 1 0 42 43 1 0 43 44 1 0 43 45 1 0 42 46 1 0 41 47 1 0 40 48 1 0 9 49 1 0 5 50 1 1 50 51 1 0 51 2 1 0 49 5 1 0 25 8 1 0 35 28 1 0 45 39 1 0 25 11 1 0 22 12 1 0 20 15 1 0 1 52 1 0 1 53 1 0 1 54 1 0 2 55 1 1 3 56 1 0 3 57 1 0 4 58 1 0 4 59 1 0 6 60 1 6 7 61 1 0 7 62 1 0 7 63 1 0 8 64 1 6 9 65 1 6 10 66 1 0 10 67 1 0 11 68 1 6 12 69 1 1 13 70 1 0 13 71 1 0 14 72 1 0 16 73 1 0 16 74 1 0 17 75 1 6 18 76 1 0 18 77 1 0 19 78 1 0 19 79 1 0 21 80 1 0 21 81 1 0 21 82 1 0 22 83 1 6 23 84 1 0 23 85 1 0 24 86 1 0 24 87 1 0 26 88 1 0 26 89 1 0 26 90 1 0 28 91 1 6 29 92 1 1 30 93 1 1 31 94 1 1 32 95 1 6 33 96 1 0 33 97 1 0 34 98 1 0 36 99 1 0 37100 1 0 39101 1 1 40102 1 1 41103 1 1 42104 1 6 43105 1 1 44106 1 0 44107 1 0 44108 1 0 46109 1 0 47110 1 0 48111 1 0 51112 1 0 51113 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	HDXIQHTUNGFJIC-QGNVFQJYSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C39H62O12/c1-18-8-13-39(46-17-18)19(2)28-26(51-39)15-25-23-7-6-21-14-22(9-11-37(21,4)24(23)10-12-38(25,28)5)48-36-34(32(44)30(42)27(16-40)49-36)50-35-33(45)31(43)29(41)20(3)47-35/h6,18-20,22-36,40-45H,7-17H2,1-5H3/t18-,19+,20-,22-,23+,24-,25-,26-,27+,28-,29-,30+,31+,32-,33+,34+,35-,36+,37-,38-,39-/m0/s1
SMILES	C[C@H]1CC[C@]2([C@H](C)[C@H]3[C@H](C[C@H]4[C@@H]5CC=C6C[C@H](CC[C@]6(C)[C@H]5CC[C@]34C)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O3)O)O)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](C)O3)O)O)O)O2)OC1

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	722.42	Volume:	717.494 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.007	LogP:	2.714 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.296 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.755 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	5.0	Rigid Bonds:	42.0
TPSA:	176.76 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	12.0
H-Bond Donor:	6.0	Rings:	8.0
Heavy Atoms:	12.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.229	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	6.205	Fsp³:	0.949
MCE-18:	198.421 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.793	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.008 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.0 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.189	Promiscuous compounds:	0.014

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.937	MDCK Permeability:	-5.102
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.001	Pgp-substrate:	0.904
PAMPA:	0.998 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.0
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.166	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.779
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.998

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.002	MRP1:	0.119
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	77.935%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.326
Fu:	18.113% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	0.271
BSEP inhibitor:	0.155

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.031	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.001
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.976	CYP3A4-substrate:	1.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.859
HLM stability:	0.394 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

1.523

Half-life (T1/2):

2.267

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.074	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.269
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.555	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.903
AMES Toxicity:	0.826	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.033
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.099	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	0.223	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.005	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.009
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.003	Ototoxicity:	0.984
Hematotoxicity:	0.151	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.728
Genotoxicity:	0.006	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.252
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.757	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.674
BCF:	2.336 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.814 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	4.934 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.462 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO32523	solanum violaceum	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[22413887]
NPO32523	solanum violaceum	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23511021]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	6

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	5
Non-molecular	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT65	Cell line	HepG2	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	2.22	ug.mL-1	PMID[11170668]
NPT83	Cell line	MCF7	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	4.78	ug.mL-1	DrugMatrix in vivo data: Pathology
NPT81	Cell line	A549	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	3.09	ug.mL-1	PMID[11858752]
NPT1031	Cell line	Ca9-22	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	2.95	ug.mL-1	PMID[17417907]
NPT82	Cell line	MDA-MB-231	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	6.12	ug.mL-1	PMID[21652215]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	IC50	=	2.95	ug.mL-1	PMID[22413887]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC283829 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	23501
0.1-0.2	22436
0.2-0.3	2849
0.3-0.4	796
0.4-0.5	121
0.5-0.6	78
0.6-0.7	31
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	12
0.85-0.9	2
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	2

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC113044
1.0	High Similarity	NPC161676
0.8511	High Similarity	NPC480555
0.8511	High Similarity	NPC150372
0.8495	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477809
0.8387	Intermediate Similarity	NPC470433
0.8387	Intermediate Similarity	NPC46190
0.8387	Intermediate Similarity	NPC171073
0.8256	Intermediate Similarity	NPC181845
0.8211	Intermediate Similarity	NPC300557
0.8191	Intermediate Similarity	NPC602423
0.8152	Intermediate Similarity	NPC141433
0.8065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC305423
0.8065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC14704
0.802	Intermediate Similarity	NPC480553
0.8	Intermediate Similarity	NPC480554
0.7879	Intermediate Similarity	NPC269297
0.7879	Intermediate Similarity	NPC222202
0.7849	Intermediate Similarity	NPC470432
0.7849	Intermediate Similarity	NPC230507
0.78	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475333
0.78	Intermediate Similarity	NPC224098
0.78	Intermediate Similarity	NPC208383
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477451
0.7732	Intermediate Similarity	NPC248746
0.7549	Intermediate Similarity	NPC194207
0.7549	Intermediate Similarity	NPC22779
0.7477	Intermediate Similarity	NPC480556
0.7451	Intermediate Similarity	NPC13193
0.7363	Intermediate Similarity	NPC297348
0.7363	Intermediate Similarity	NPC249204
0.7363	Intermediate Similarity	NPC48339
0.7363	Intermediate Similarity	NPC141769
0.7363	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477547
0.7347	Intermediate Similarity	NPC40440
0.73	Intermediate Similarity	NPC42171
0.7282	Intermediate Similarity	NPC309278
0.7196	Intermediate Similarity	NPC232054
0.7172	Intermediate Similarity	NPC98696
0.7158	Intermediate Similarity	NPC306131
0.7158	Intermediate Similarity	NPC200802
0.7129	Intermediate Similarity	NPC6806
0.7091	Intermediate Similarity	NPC224314
0.6947	Remote Similarity	NPC222731
0.6857	Remote Similarity	NPC475550
0.6792	Remote Similarity	NPC32361
0.6726	Remote Similarity	NPC477808
0.6697	Remote Similarity	NPC477811
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC107962
0.6633	Remote Similarity	NPC211354
0.66	Remote Similarity	NPC6295
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPC294686
0.6465	Remote Similarity	NPC19400
0.6421	Remote Similarity	NPC485594
0.6373	Remote Similarity	NPC70204
0.6346	Remote Similarity	NPC486388
0.6275	Remote Similarity	NPC306991
0.6275	Remote Similarity	NPC485595
0.6262	Remote Similarity	NPC475182
0.6204	Remote Similarity	NPC73243
0.6204	Remote Similarity	NPC244086
0.6204	Remote Similarity	NPC84956
0.6168	Remote Similarity	NPC124677
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPC470748
0.6117	Remote Similarity	NPC94272
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPC100451
0.6091	Remote Similarity	NPC247037
0.6055	Remote Similarity	NPC102016
0.6055	Remote Similarity	NPC95051
0.604	Remote Similarity	NPC206003
0.604	Remote Similarity	NPC473610
0.6038	Remote Similarity	NPC197231
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC160426
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC600116
0.5943	Remote Similarity	NPC19888
0.5929	Remote Similarity	NPC249265
0.5913	Remote Similarity	NPC31896
0.5905	Remote Similarity	NPC195297
0.59	Remote Similarity	NPC234352
0.5889	Remote Similarity	NPC235126
0.5889	Remote Similarity	NPC242419
0.5888	Remote Similarity	NPC42482
0.5877	Remote Similarity	NPC23808
0.5877	Remote Similarity	NPC87998
0.5825	Remote Similarity	NPC54619
0.58	Remote Similarity	NPC325828
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPC218571
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPC487615
0.578	Remote Similarity	NPC92890
0.5752	Remote Similarity	NPC475625
0.5702	Remote Similarity	NPC210569
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPC128572
0.5648	Remote Similarity	NPC475351
0.5641	Remote Similarity	NPC308140
0.5636	Remote Similarity	NPC122819
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPC144790
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPC149400
0.5607	Remote Similarity	NPC475670
0.5586	Remote Similarity	NPC249553
0.5586	Remote Similarity	NPC471464
0.5586	Remote Similarity	NPC182900
0.5567	Remote Similarity	NPC277715
0.5565	Remote Similarity	NPC63609
0.5536	Remote Similarity	NPC150057
0.5536	Remote Similarity	NPC147753
0.5524	Remote Similarity	NPC107188
0.5505	Remote Similarity	NPC112274
0.5487	Remote Similarity	NPC294129
0.5472	Remote Similarity	NPC600456
0.544	Remote Similarity	NPC305771
0.544	Remote Similarity	NPC94072
0.544	Remote Similarity	NPC169816
0.5426	Remote Similarity	NPC486119
0.541	Remote Similarity	NPC477807
0.5405	Remote Similarity	NPC475643
0.537	Remote Similarity	NPC125324
0.5351	Remote Similarity	NPC184617
0.534	Remote Similarity	NPC272015
0.534	Remote Similarity	NPC177834
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC474399
0.5323	Remote Similarity	NPC15918
0.53	Remote Similarity	NPC481420
0.53	Remote Similarity	NPC473774
0.53	Remote Similarity	NPC481419
0.53	Remote Similarity	NPC481417
0.53	Remote Similarity	NPC481421
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC165439
0.5288	Remote Similarity	NPC131693
0.5288	Remote Similarity	NPC475436
0.5278	Remote Similarity	NPC295980
0.5278	Remote Similarity	NPC485601
0.5259	Remote Similarity	NPC486386
0.525	Remote Similarity	NPC287885
0.5248	Remote Similarity	NPC24960
0.5229	Remote Similarity	NPC15249
0.5229	Remote Similarity	NPC25455
0.5217	Remote Similarity	NPC97700
0.5217	Remote Similarity	NPC30856
0.521	Remote Similarity	NPC83137
0.521	Remote Similarity	NPC486383
0.5197	Remote Similarity	NPC263359
0.5189	Remote Similarity	NPC250393
0.5169	Remote Similarity	NPC254255
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC291203
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC217205
0.5052	Remote Similarity	NPC22140
0.5052	Remote Similarity	NPC243728
0.5052	Remote Similarity	NPC158088
0.5044	Remote Similarity	NPC473601
0.5043	Remote Similarity	NPC51172
0.5043	Remote Similarity	NPC49032
0.5041	Remote Similarity	NPC132080

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC283829 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	7545
0.1-0.2	1512
0.2-0.3	80
0.3-0.4	7
0.4-0.5	2
0.5-0.6	4
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.58	Remote Similarity	NPD8171	Phase 2
0.5636	Remote Similarity	NPD8449	Approved
0.5536	Remote Similarity	NPD8450	Suspended
0.5229	Remote Similarity	NPD8170	Phase 2

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data