Natural Product: NPC284449

Natural Product IDNPC284449
Common Name
?
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
Desacyl-Theasaponin E
IUPAC Name (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-4-formyl-8,9,10-trihydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
Synonyms Desacyl-Theasaponin E
Synthetic Gene Cluster n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier CHEMBL527059
PubChem CID 10843814
Chemical Classification
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids
        • [CHEMONTID:0002049] Terpene glycosides
          • [CHEMONTID:0001580] Triterpene glycosides
            • [CHEMONTID:0002358] Triterpene saponins

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

  Chemical Representations

Standard InCHIKey AHAHWTZZBKQAGE-FJCFLFMWSA-N
Standard InCHI InChI=1S/C52H82O25/c1-47(2)13-21-20-7-8-26-48(3)11-10-28(49(4,18-54)25(48)9-12-50(26,5)51(20,6)14-27(58)52(21,19-55)41(67)40(47)66)73-46-39(77-44-34(64)32(62)31(61)24(15-53)72-44)36(35(65)37(75-46)42(68)69)74-45-38(30(60)23(57)17-71-45)76-43-33(63)29(59)22(56)16-70-43/h7,18,21-41,43-46,53,55-67H,8-17,19H2,1-6H3,(H,68,69)/t21-,22+,23-,24+,25?,26+,27+,28-,29-,30-,31-,32-,33+,34+,35-,36-,37-,38+,39+,40-,41-,43-,44-,45-,46+,48-,49-,50+,51+,52-/m0/s1
SMILES OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H](O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]2O[C@@H]2OC[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O[C@@H]2OC[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)O)O[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C([C@]2(C)C=O)CC[C@@]2([C@@H]3CC=C3[C@@]2(C)C[C@H]([C@@]2([C@H]3CC(C)(C)[C@H]([C@@H]2O)O)CO)O)C)C)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1O)O)O

  Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:   1106.51 Volume:   1042.786
?
Van der Waals volume.
Dense:   1.061 LogP:   0.077
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:   1.085
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
LogS:   -2.809
?
The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:   12.0 Rigid Bonds:   52.0
TPSA:   411.43
?
Topological Polar Surface Area.
H-Bond Acceptor:   25.0
H-Bond Donor:   15.0 Rings:   9.0
Heavy Atoms:   25.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:   0.05 GASA:   1.0
?
GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:   7.089 Fsp3:   0.923
MCE-18:   201.6
?
MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
Lipinski Rule-of-5:   Accepted
Pfizer Rule:   Rejected GSK Rule:   Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:   Accepted BMS Rule:   1
Chelating Alert:   0 PAINS Alert:   0
Colloidal aggregators:   0.555 Fluc inhibitor:   0.0
?
The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:   0.001
?
The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Green fluorescence:   0.001
?
The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:   0.294 Promiscuous compounds:   0.072

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:   -6.665 MDCK Permeability:   -4.961
Pgp-inhibitor:   0.0 Pgp-substrate:   0.999
PAMPA:   1.0
?
The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   0.991
20% Bioavailability (F20%):   0.999 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   1.0
50% Bioavailability (F50%):   1.0

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   0.0 MRP1:   0.069
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   56.986% Volume Distribution (VD):   -0.414
Fu: 28.759%
?
The fraction unbound in plasms.
OATP1B1 inhibitor:   0.942
OATP1B3 inhibitor:   0.015 BCRP inhibitor:   0.0
BSEP inhibitor:   0.0

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP1A2-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C19-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C9-substrate:   0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2D6-substrate:   0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP3A4-substrate:   0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:   0.0 CYP2C8-inhibitor:   0.0
HLM stability:   0.001
?
Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  -0.235 Half-life (T1/2):  3.164

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.0 hERG Blockers (10um):  0.001
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.508 Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.689
AMES Toxicity:  0.973 Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.004
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.011 Skin Sensitization:  1.0
Carcinogencity:  0.019 Eye Corrosion:  0.0
Eye Irritation:  0.0 Respiratory Toxicity:  0.003
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:  0.0 Ototoxicity:  1.0
Hematotoxicity:  0.876 Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:  0.999
Genotoxicity:  0.979 RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:  0.385
A549 Cytotoxicity:  0.53 Hek293 Cytotoxicity:  0.252
BCF:   0.456
?
Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
IGC50:   3.266
?
48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:   4.934
?
48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50FM:   3.836
?
96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[ 16712885]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. DOI[10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.121]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Flowers n.a. n.a. PMID[16180814]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota seeds Shizuoka prefecture, Japan n.a. PMID[16499314]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[18068204]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[21434603]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. flower n.a. PMID[21922925]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota flower buds n.a. n.a. PMID[21925888]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota leaves n.a. n.a. PMID[22377672]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. PMID[23265489]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Leaves Bandung, West Java, Indonesia PMID[23621359]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[37255739]
NPO8258.1 Camellia sinensis var. assamica Varieties Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Stem n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Shoot n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Seed Oil n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Seed n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Leaf Essent. Oil n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Leaf n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota Cotyledon n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO8258.1 Camellia sinensis var. assamica Varieties Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO8258.1 Camellia sinensis var. assamica Varieties Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO8258 Camellia sinensis Species Theaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID Organism Name Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



 Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT32 Organism Mus musculus Mus musculus Activity = 468.7 mg/dl PMID[16180814]
NPT32 Organism Mus musculus Mus musculus Activity = 440.8 mg/dl PMID[16180814]
NPT32 Organism Mus musculus Mus musculus Activity = 410.5 mg/dl PMID[16180814]
NPT32 Organism Mus musculus Mus musculus Activity = 363.2 mg/dl PMID[16180814]
NPT32 Organism Mus musculus Mus musculus Activity = 332.3 mg/dl PMID[16180814]
NPT32 Organism Mus musculus Mus musculus Activity = 314.3 mg/dl PMID[16180814]





 Experimental ADME

Experiment Model Experiment Tissue ADME Type ADME Relation ADME Value ADME Unit Reference





 Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model Experiment Organism Toxicity Type Toxicity Relation Toxicity Value Toxicity Unit Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption
Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]


  Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC284449 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.7931 Intermediate Similarity NPC476779
0.7863 Intermediate Similarity NPC110700
0.7863 Intermediate Similarity NPC476777
0.7603 Intermediate Similarity NPC279915
0.7603 Intermediate Similarity NPC476778
0.7477 Intermediate Similarity NPC605226
0.7458 Intermediate Similarity NPC476774
0.7265 Intermediate Similarity NPC283417
0.7265 Intermediate Similarity NPC200049
0.7167 Intermediate Similarity NPC265841
0.7167 Intermediate Similarity NPC488308
0.7167 Intermediate Similarity NPC476780
0.7107 Intermediate Similarity NPC271610
0.7107 Intermediate Similarity NPC312650
0.7016 Intermediate Similarity NPC476775
0.6825 Remote Similarity NPC488309
0.6719 Remote Similarity NPC476776
0.6609 Remote Similarity NPC302887
0.6581 Remote Similarity NPC160452
0.6557 Remote Similarity NPC602995
0.6491 Remote Similarity NPC44716
0.632 Remote Similarity NPC71391
0.632 Remote Similarity NPC192765
0.6283 Remote Similarity NPC603026
0.627 Remote Similarity NPC178264
0.625 Remote Similarity NPC187290
0.623 Remote Similarity NPC609119
0.619 Remote Similarity NPC4749
0.6154 Remote Similarity NPC302543
0.6111 Remote Similarity NPC485563
0.6016 Remote Similarity NPC25998
0.5902 Remote Similarity NPC187618
0.5891 Remote Similarity NPC21691
0.5878 Remote Similarity NPC484059
0.5878 Remote Similarity NPC484060
0.5877 Remote Similarity NPC603870
0.584 Remote Similarity NPC252657
0.584 Remote Similarity NPC88311
0.5827 Remote Similarity NPC475368
0.5785 Remote Similarity NPC64715
0.575 Remote Similarity NPC475591
0.575 Remote Similarity NPC236870
0.5726 Remote Similarity NPC104137
0.5726 Remote Similarity NPC26626
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPC117714
0.5704 Remote Similarity NPC484063
0.5704 Remote Similarity NPC484064
0.5692 Remote Similarity NPC329828
0.5691 Remote Similarity NPC301449
0.5691 Remote Similarity NPC218954
0.5691 Remote Similarity NPC23275
0.5691 Remote Similarity NPC601290
0.568 Remote Similarity NPC477195
0.5659 Remote Similarity NPC475140
0.5635 Remote Similarity NPC475119
0.5612 Remote Similarity NPC485562
0.5591 Remote Similarity NPC313110
0.5583 Remote Similarity NPC30289
0.5556 Remote Similarity NPC11242
0.5556 Remote Similarity NPC59804
0.5546 Remote Similarity NPC263756
0.5546 Remote Similarity NPC80843
0.5546 Remote Similarity NPC22956
0.5537 Remote Similarity NPC164389
0.553 Remote Similarity NPC484061
0.553 Remote Similarity NPC484062
0.5508 Remote Similarity NPC127056
0.5489 Remote Similarity NPC473452
0.5476 Remote Similarity NPC469947
0.5476 Remote Similarity NPC480948
0.5442 Remote Similarity NPC485564
0.544 Remote Similarity NPC606145
0.5433 Remote Similarity NPC480939
0.5433 Remote Similarity NPC815
0.5433 Remote Similarity NPC605294
0.5426 Remote Similarity NPC478155
0.5426 Remote Similarity NPC478154
0.542 Remote Similarity NPC269484
0.542 Remote Similarity NPC97918
0.5417 Remote Similarity NPC213674
0.5391 Remote Similarity NPC470475
0.5391 Remote Similarity NPC472267
0.5391 Remote Similarity NPC115656
0.5391 Remote Similarity NPC288205
0.5391 Remote Similarity NPC51465
0.5373 Remote Similarity NPC286457
0.5366 Remote Similarity NPC118440
0.5357 Remote Similarity NPC489209
0.5354 Remote Similarity NPC207738
0.5349 Remote Similarity NPC473824
0.5338 Remote Similarity NPC85154
0.5338 Remote Similarity NPC82380
0.5338 Remote Similarity NPC244296
0.5328 Remote Similarity NPC11577
0.5328 Remote Similarity NPC141600
0.5317 Remote Similarity NPC323359
0.5317 Remote Similarity NPC291903
0.5299 Remote Similarity NPC470518
0.5285 Remote Similarity NPC251768
0.5285 Remote Similarity NPC480475
0.528 Remote Similarity NPC79718
0.5276 Remote Similarity NPC480473
0.5271 Remote Similarity NPC185466
0.527 Remote Similarity NPC124828
0.5263 Remote Similarity NPC47995
0.5263 Remote Similarity NPC277212
0.5263 Remote Similarity NPC30279
0.5263 Remote Similarity NPC46823
0.5246 Remote Similarity NPC242840
0.5241 Remote Similarity NPC489208
0.5234 Remote Similarity NPC329976
0.5227 Remote Similarity NPC470476
0.5227 Remote Similarity NPC603137
0.5224 Remote Similarity NPC181066
0.5191 Remote Similarity NPC123522
0.5169 Remote Similarity NPC1046
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC488526
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC232237
0.5156 Remote Similarity NPC480474
0.5154 Remote Similarity NPC107536
0.5154 Remote Similarity NPC280029
0.5154 Remote Similarity NPC9470
0.5149 Remote Similarity NPC252289
0.5149 Remote Similarity NPC305793
0.513 Remote Similarity NPC100383
0.5122 Remote Similarity NPC112352
0.512 Remote Similarity NPC63159
0.5118 Remote Similarity NPC236657
0.5118 Remote Similarity NPC276093
0.5116 Remote Similarity NPC475486
0.5116 Remote Similarity NPC481078
0.5115 Remote Similarity NPC610204
0.5109 Remote Similarity NPC225791
0.5082 Remote Similarity NPC470512
0.5082 Remote Similarity NPC472949
0.5082 Remote Similarity NPC488561
0.5079 Remote Similarity NPC31193
0.5079 Remote Similarity NPC475504
0.5079 Remote Similarity NPC488517
0.5078 Remote Similarity NPC324875
0.5078 Remote Similarity NPC292677
0.5078 Remote Similarity NPC477191
0.5076 Remote Similarity NPC151543
0.5041 Remote Similarity NPC174679
0.5041 Remote Similarity NPC279554
0.5041 Remote Similarity NPC469946
0.504 Remote Similarity NPC2370
0.5039 Remote Similarity NPC120116
0.5039 Remote Similarity NPC488515
0.5039 Remote Similarity NPC477193
0.5038 Remote Similarity NPC471384

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC284449 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
NPD

Bioactivity similarity

  Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data