Natural Product: NPC301818

Natural Product IDNPC301818
Common Name
?
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
BHKRIROTIBILJW-WHOWREOASA-N
IUPAC Name n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier n.a.
PubChem CID 101944852
Chemical Classification
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids
        • [CHEMONTID:0002049] Terpene glycosides
          • [CHEMONTID:0001580] Triterpene glycosides
            • [CHEMONTID:0002358] Triterpene saponins

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

  Chemical Representations

Standard InCHIKey BHKRIROTIBILJW-WHOWREOASA-N
Standard InCHI InChI=1S/C60H96O28/c1-23-32(64)36(68)42(74)49(79-23)85-45-38(70)34(66)27(20-61)81-51(45)87-47-41(73)40(72)44(48(76)77)84-53(47)83-31-12-13-56(5)29(57(31,6)22-63)11-14-59(8)30(56)10-9-25-26-19-55(3,4)15-17-60(26,18-16-58(25,59)7)54(78)88-52-46(39(71)35(67)28(21-62)82-52)86-50-43(75)37(69)33(65)24(2)80-50/h9,23-24,26-47,49-53,61-75H,10-22H2,1-8H3,(H,76,77)/t23-,24-,26-,27+,28+,29+,30+,31-,32-,33-,34-,35+,36+,37+,38-,39-,40-,41-,42+,43+,44-,45+,46+,47+,49-,50-,51-,52-,53+,56-,57+,58+,59+,60-/m0/s1
SMILES C[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](C(=O)O)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1CC[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]2CC=C2[C@@H]4CC(C)(C)CC[C@@]4(CC[C@@]32C)C(=O)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O2)O)O)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](C)O2)O)O)O)[C@@]1(C)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O

  Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:   1264.61 Volume:   1198.968
?
Van der Waals volume.
Dense:   1.055 LogP:   -0.664
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:   0.916
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
LogS:   -2.654
?
The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:   15.0 Rigid Bonds:   58.0
TPSA:   450.12
?
Topological Polar Surface Area.
H-Bond Acceptor:   28.0
H-Bond Donor:   16.0 Rings:   10.0
Heavy Atoms:   28.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:   0.047 GASA:   1.0
?
GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:   7.351 Fsp3:   0.933
MCE-18:   222.069
?
MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
Lipinski Rule-of-5:   Accepted
Pfizer Rule:   Rejected GSK Rule:   Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:   Accepted BMS Rule:   1
Chelating Alert:   0 PAINS Alert:   0
Colloidal aggregators:   0.728 Fluc inhibitor:   0.0
?
The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:   0.005
?
The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Green fluorescence:   0.001
?
The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:   0.378 Promiscuous compounds:   0.131

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:   -6.571 MDCK Permeability:   -4.992
Pgp-inhibitor:   0.0 Pgp-substrate:   0.38
PAMPA:   1.0
?
The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   1.0
20% Bioavailability (F20%):   0.979 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   1.0
50% Bioavailability (F50%):   1.0

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   0.0 MRP1:   0.183
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   60.675% Volume Distribution (VD):   -0.36
Fu: 22.432%
?
The fraction unbound in plasms.
OATP1B1 inhibitor:   1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:   0.998 BCRP inhibitor:   0.0
BSEP inhibitor:   0.0

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP1A2-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C19-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C9-substrate:   0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2D6-substrate:   0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP3A4-substrate:   0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:   0.0 CYP2C8-inhibitor:   0.016
HLM stability:   0.0
?
Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  -1.075 Half-life (T1/2):  4.987

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.001 hERG Blockers (10um):  0.002
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.655 Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.97
AMES Toxicity:  0.922 Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.001
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.0 Skin Sensitization:  1.0
Carcinogencity:  0.004 Eye Corrosion:  0.0
Eye Irritation:  0.0 Respiratory Toxicity:  0.0
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:  0.0 Ototoxicity:  1.0
Hematotoxicity:  0.601 Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:  0.998
Genotoxicity:  0.563 RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:  0.365
A549 Cytotoxicity:  0.857 Hek293 Cytotoxicity:  0.258
BCF:   0.714
?
Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
IGC50:   3.369
?
48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:   4.926
?
48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50FM:   3.766
?
96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO21105 Madhuca longifolia Species Sapotaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[11141115]
NPO16139 Garcinia lancilimba Species Clusiaceae Eukaryota n.a. bark n.a. PMID[17541202]
NPO18438 Samanea saman Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[21228101]
NPO1856 Tomophagus colossus Species Ganodermataceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO18438 Samanea saman Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO21240 Pinus elliottii Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO18464 Pilocarpus goudotianus Species Rutaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO21105 Madhuca longifolia Species Sapotaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO20942 Isoplexis isabelliana Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO16139 Garcinia lancilimba Species Clusiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO19035 Croton cajucara Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO16994 Codiaeum variegatum Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO13111 Aplophyllum dubium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO7210 Rhizophora mucronata Species Rhizophoraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO7210 Rhizophora mucronata Species Rhizophoraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO19035 Croton cajucara Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO18464 Pilocarpus goudotianus Species Rutaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[Title]
NPO1856 Tomophagus colossus Species Ganodermataceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO16139 Garcinia lancilimba Species Clusiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO20942 Isoplexis isabelliana Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7210 Rhizophora mucronata Species Rhizophoraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19035 Croton cajucara Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO21105 Madhuca longifolia Species Sapotaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO16994 Codiaeum variegatum Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO18438 Samanea saman Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13111 Aplophyllum dubium n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO21240 Pinus elliottii Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO18464 Pilocarpus goudotianus Species Rutaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID Organism Name Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



 Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference





 Experimental ADME

Experiment Model Experiment Tissue ADME Type ADME Relation ADME Value ADME Unit Reference





 Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model Experiment Organism Toxicity Type Toxicity Relation Toxicity Value Toxicity Unit Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption
Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]


  Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC301818 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.8058 Intermediate Similarity NPC131469
0.7981 Intermediate Similarity NPC95437
0.7925 Intermediate Similarity NPC120116
0.7905 Intermediate Similarity NPC114692
0.7905 Intermediate Similarity NPC236657
0.7864 Intermediate Similarity NPC251768
0.7636 Intermediate Similarity NPC313110
0.7453 Intermediate Similarity NPC118440
0.7339 Intermediate Similarity NPC301449
0.7339 Intermediate Similarity NPC601290
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPC473884
0.7203 Intermediate Similarity NPC258617
0.7117 Intermediate Similarity NPC187618
0.7009 Intermediate Similarity NPC192791
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPC218954
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC157868
0.6637 Remote Similarity NPC114484
0.6606 Remote Similarity NPC469946
0.6579 Remote Similarity NPC481079
0.6549 Remote Similarity NPC64715
0.6545 Remote Similarity NPC242840
0.6545 Remote Similarity NPC112352
0.6542 Remote Similarity NPC12288
0.6518 Remote Similarity NPC475591
0.6518 Remote Similarity NPC236870
0.6372 Remote Similarity NPC162574
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPC470218
0.6325 Remote Similarity NPC187290
0.6316 Remote Similarity NPC475504
0.6303 Remote Similarity NPC76972
0.6303 Remote Similarity NPC469782
0.6303 Remote Similarity NPC204414
0.6283 Remote Similarity NPC159309
0.6283 Remote Similarity NPC11551
0.6283 Remote Similarity NPC86222
0.623 Remote Similarity NPC471550
0.621 Remote Similarity NPC484061
0.621 Remote Similarity NPC484062
0.614 Remote Similarity NPC40775
0.6098 Remote Similarity NPC100639
0.6071 Remote Similarity NPC295371
0.6071 Remote Similarity NPC472949
0.6063 Remote Similarity NPC65105
0.6036 Remote Similarity NPC25605
0.6034 Remote Similarity NPC222580
0.6034 Remote Similarity NPC297263
0.6018 Remote Similarity NPC475171
0.6 Remote Similarity NPC46665
0.6 Remote Similarity NPC480475
0.5983 Remote Similarity NPC302887
0.5982 Remote Similarity NPC482748
0.5969 Remote Similarity NPC298034
0.5969 Remote Similarity NPC71065
0.5966 Remote Similarity NPC241909
0.5952 Remote Similarity NPC57484
0.5948 Remote Similarity NPC63159
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC293330
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC484059
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC484060
0.5932 Remote Similarity NPC281148
0.5926 Remote Similarity NPC209894
0.5913 Remote Similarity NPC309714
0.5902 Remote Similarity NPC300419
0.5887 Remote Similarity NPC155410
0.5887 Remote Similarity NPC135904
0.5856 Remote Similarity NPC48499
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPC160452
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPC480474
0.582 Remote Similarity NPC213952
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPC475899
0.5785 Remote Similarity NPC31838
0.5785 Remote Similarity NPC481078
0.5772 Remote Similarity NPC60557
0.5772 Remote Similarity NPC67857
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPC202828
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPC119592
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPC484063
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPC484064
0.575 Remote Similarity NPC477075
0.575 Remote Similarity NPC477079
0.5726 Remote Similarity NPC123522
0.5726 Remote Similarity NPC192600
0.5726 Remote Similarity NPC79643
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPC191827
0.5702 Remote Similarity NPC480473
0.5702 Remote Similarity NPC473373
0.5702 Remote Similarity NPC150400
0.5691 Remote Similarity NPC471962
0.5678 Remote Similarity NPC139044
0.5676 Remote Similarity NPC214484
0.566 Remote Similarity NPC237503
0.5656 Remote Similarity NPC36831
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPC475368
0.5645 Remote Similarity NPC268184
0.5635 Remote Similarity NPC482736
0.5635 Remote Similarity NPC482738
0.5634 Remote Similarity NPC124828
0.563 Remote Similarity NPC31193
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPC164194
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPC82380
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPC244296
0.562 Remote Similarity NPC477076
0.5619 Remote Similarity NPC167383
0.5614 Remote Similarity NPC174679
0.5614 Remote Similarity NPC235405
0.5614 Remote Similarity NPC279554
0.561 Remote Similarity NPC75287
0.5583 Remote Similarity NPC486563
0.5581 Remote Similarity NPC21691
0.5573 Remote Similarity NPC43550
0.5565 Remote Similarity NPC249848
0.5565 Remote Similarity NPC107966
0.5556 Remote Similarity NPC75417
0.5547 Remote Similarity NPC277212
0.5547 Remote Similarity NPC30279
0.5538 Remote Similarity NPC473645
0.553 Remote Similarity NPC305981
0.5512 Remote Similarity NPC257211
0.5512 Remote Similarity NPC123199
0.5508 Remote Similarity NPC30735
0.5505 Remote Similarity NPC224121
0.5504 Remote Similarity NPC487505
0.5496 Remote Similarity NPC470876
0.5489 Remote Similarity NPC261506
0.5489 Remote Similarity NPC4328
0.5487 Remote Similarity NPC29069
0.5486 Remote Similarity NPC485564
0.5478 Remote Similarity NPC475516
0.5478 Remote Similarity NPC59804
0.5469 Remote Similarity NPC283417
0.5469 Remote Similarity NPC200049
0.5462 Remote Similarity NPC10607
0.5462 Remote Similarity NPC164389
0.5462 Remote Similarity NPC102439
0.5448 Remote Similarity NPC70809
0.5447 Remote Similarity NPC295823
0.5447 Remote Similarity NPC174720
0.5447 Remote Similarity NPC475467
0.5447 Remote Similarity NPC477077
0.5447 Remote Similarity NPC477078
0.5424 Remote Similarity NPC223301
0.5424 Remote Similarity NPC171544
0.542 Remote Similarity NPC473452
0.5397 Remote Similarity NPC475287
0.5385 Remote Similarity NPC39211
0.5385 Remote Similarity NPC488561
0.5379 Remote Similarity NPC225791
0.5379 Remote Similarity NPC41061
0.5379 Remote Similarity NPC227551
0.5378 Remote Similarity NPC104071
0.5378 Remote Similarity NPC160415
0.5378 Remote Similarity NPC114304
0.5373 Remote Similarity NPC302543
0.5373 Remote Similarity NPC11577
0.5373 Remote Similarity NPC141600
0.5368 Remote Similarity NPC250247
0.5366 Remote Similarity NPC486564
0.5349 Remote Similarity NPC475160
0.5349 Remote Similarity NPC473714
0.5345 Remote Similarity NPC309780
0.5333 Remote Similarity NPC148603
0.5323 Remote Similarity NPC96641
0.5323 Remote Similarity NPC163183
0.5308 Remote Similarity NPC47995
0.5308 Remote Similarity NPC46823
0.5304 Remote Similarity NPC475208
0.5299 Remote Similarity NPC236638
0.5299 Remote Similarity NPC294453
0.5289 Remote Similarity NPC235438
0.5289 Remote Similarity NPC471383
0.5285 Remote Similarity NPC276093
0.528 Remote Similarity NPC469947
0.528 Remote Similarity NPC480948
0.5276 Remote Similarity NPC252657
0.5276 Remote Similarity NPC88311
0.5267 Remote Similarity NPC4749
0.5263 Remote Similarity NPC90856
0.5246 Remote Similarity NPC257468
0.5246 Remote Similarity NPC609763
0.5242 Remote Similarity NPC323359
0.5242 Remote Similarity NPC23275
0.5238 Remote Similarity NPC480939
0.5238 Remote Similarity NPC480936
0.5234 Remote Similarity NPC151543
0.5231 Remote Similarity NPC269484
0.5231 Remote Similarity NPC97918
0.5229 Remote Similarity NPC204407
0.5227 Remote Similarity NPC470518
0.521 Remote Similarity NPC473343
0.5207 Remote Similarity NPC44716
0.52 Remote Similarity NPC470477
0.52 Remote Similarity NPC80986
0.5197 Remote Similarity NPC472267
0.5197 Remote Similarity NPC107536
0.5197 Remote Similarity NPC115656
0.5197 Remote Similarity NPC280029
0.5197 Remote Similarity NPC9470
0.5182 Remote Similarity NPC224381
0.5164 Remote Similarity NPC482722
0.5164 Remote Similarity NPC471963

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC301818 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
NPD

Bioactivity similarity

  Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data