Natural Product: NPC171495| Natural Product ID | NPC171495 |
|
Common Name
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
| KMKFOIBUKYMVRJ-SKEABOEQSA-N |
| IUPAC Name | n.a. |
| Synonyms | |
| Synthetic Gene Cluster | n.a. |
| ChEMBL Identifier | n.a. |
| PubChem CID |
10416408 |
| Chemical Classification |
|
The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.
Chemical Representations
| Standard InCHIKey | KMKFOIBUKYMVRJ-SKEABOEQSA-N |
| Standard InCHI | InChI=1S/C36H58O8/c1-31(2)14-16-36(30(42)44-29-28(41)27(40)26(39)22(19-37)43-29)17-15-34(6)20(21(36)18-31)8-9-24-33(5)12-11-25(38)32(3,4)23(33)10-13-35(24,34)7/h8,21-29,37-41H,9-19H2,1-7H3/t21?,22-,23?,24?,25+,26-,27+,28-,29+,33+,34-,35-,36+/m1/s1 |
| SMILES | CC1(C)CC[C@@]2(CC[C@]3(C)C(=CCC4[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)C5CC[C@@]34C)O)C2C1)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O |
  Calculated Properties| Molecular Weight:   | 618.41 | Volume:   | 644.922 Van der Waals volume.
|
| Dense:   | 0.959 | LogP:   | 3.325 The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
|
| logD7.4:   | 3.547 The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
|
LogS:   | -5.163 The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
|
| Rotatable Bonds:   | 4.0 | Rigid Bonds:   | 33.0 |
| TPSA:   | 136.68 Topological Polar Surface Area.
|
H-Bond Acceptor:   | 8.0 |
| H-Bond Donor:   | 5.0 | Rings:   | 6.0 |
| Heavy Atoms:   | 8.0 |
| QED Drug-Likeness Score:   | 0.231 | GASA:   | 0.0 GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
|
| Synthetic Accessibility Score:   | 5.196 | Fsp3:   | 0.917 |
| MCE-18:   | 128.058 MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
|
Lipinski Rule-of-5:   | Rejected |
| Pfizer Rule:   | Rejected | GSK Rule:   | Accepted |
| Golden Triangle Rule:   | Accepted | BMS Rule:   | 0 |
| Chelating Alert:   | 0 | PAINS Alert:   | 0 |
| Colloidal aggregators:   | 0.923 | Fluc inhibitor:   | 0.0 The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
|
| Blue fluorescence:   | 0.014 The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
|
Green fluorescence:   | 0.018 The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
|
| Reactive compounds:   | 0.155 | Promiscuous compounds:   | 0.036 |
| Caco-2 Permeability:   | -5.68 | MDCK Permeability:   | -5.11 |
| Pgp-inhibitor:   | 0.0 | Pgp-substrate:   | 0.031 |
| PAMPA:   |
0.998 The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
|
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   | 0.001 |
| 20% Bioavailability (F20%):   | 0.459 | 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   | 0.869 |
| 50% Bioavailability (F50%):   | 1.0 |
| Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   | 0.985 | MRP1:   | 0.477 |
| Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   | 81.503% | Volume Distribution (VD):   | -0.229 |
| Fu: |
11.958% The fraction unbound in plasms.
|
OATP1B1 inhibitor:   | 1.0 |
| OATP1B3 inhibitor:   | 1.0 | BCRP inhibitor:   | 0.026 |
| BSEP inhibitor:   | 0.078 |
| CYP1A2-inhibitor:   | 0.0 | CYP1A2-substrate:   | 0.0 |
| CYP2C19-inhibitor:   | 0.988 | CYP2C19-substrate:   | 0.625 |
| CYP2C9-inhibitor:   | 0.0 | CYP2C9-substrate:   | 0.0 |
| CYP2D6-inhibitor:   | 0.0 | CYP2D6-substrate:   | 0.035 |
| CYP3A4-inhibitor:   | 0.24 | CYP3A4-substrate:   | 0.0 |
| CYP2B6-substrate:   | 0.0 | CYP2C8-inhibitor:   | 0.796 |
| HLM stability:   |
0.153 Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.
|
| Clearance (CL):   | 1.385 | Half-life (T1/2):   | 2.36 |
| hERG Blockers:   | 0.033 | hERG Blockers (10um):   | 0.11 |
| Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):   | 0.795 | Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):   | 0.134 |
| AMES Toxicity:   | 0.359 | Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:   | 0.07 |
| Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:   | 0.393 | Skin Sensitization:   | 0.995 |
| Carcinogencity:   | 0.449 | Eye Corrosion:   | 0.0 |
| Eye Irritation:   | 0.004 | Respiratory Toxicity:   | 0.073 |
| Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:   | 0.004 | Ototoxicity:   | 0.977 |
| Hematotoxicity:   | 0.081 | Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:   | 0.541 |
| Genotoxicity:   | 0.188 | RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:   | 0.066 |
| A549 Cytotoxicity:   | 0.653 | Hek293 Cytotoxicity:   | 0.473 |
| BCF:   |
2.351 Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
|
IGC50:   |
4.852 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
|
| LC50DM:   |
6.112 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
|
LC50FM:   |
5.633 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
|
  Species Source| Organism ID | Organism Name | Taxonomy Level | Family | SuperKingdom | Isolation Part | Collection Location | Collection Time | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | stem | n.a. | DOI[10.1016/0031-9422(86)88033-5] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | leaf | n.a. | DOI[10.1016/0031-9422(86)88033-5] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | DOI[10.1016/j.jarmap.2018.11.004] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | DOI[10.1016/j.procbio.2005.03.071] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | whole plant | n.a. | n.a. | DOI[10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.12.029] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | DOI[10.1023/A:1011684619614] |
| NPO18340 | Ligustrum lucidum | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | fruit | n.a. |
PMID[11411539] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | Entire plants | the surroundings of Uppsala, Sweden | 1998-SEP |
PMID[11421736] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | Whole Plant | the surroundings of Uppsala, Sweden | 1998-SEP |
PMID[11421736] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | fruit | n.a. |
PMID[12802735] |
| NPO18443 | Aristolochia manshuriensis | Species | Aristolochiaceae | Eukaryota | Stems | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[12880323] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[1402962] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | roots | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[18177012] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | fruit | n.a. |
PMID[18384095] |
| NPO927 | Swertia mussotii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[19645233] |
| NPO18443 | Aristolochia manshuriensis | Species | Aristolochiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[20097074] |
| NPO16561 | Viscum articulatum | Species | Viscaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[20121165] |
| NPO18443 | Aristolochia manshuriensis | Species | Aristolochiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[21353775] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | calyx | n.a. |
PMID[21561086] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | leaf | n.a. |
PMID[22014120] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | fruit | n.a. |
PMID[22014120] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | leaf | n.a. |
PMID[22014168] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[23540838] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | fruit | n.a. |
PMID[24086493] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[24295708] |
| NPO3186 | Loranthus parasiticus | Species | Loranthaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[24467533] |
| NPO3186 | Loranthus parasiticus | Species | Loranthaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | fruit | n.a. |
PMID[24467533] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | seed | n.a. |
PMID[24895551] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | leaf | n.a. |
PMID[25102361] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | fruit | n.a. |
PMID[25306330] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | Seeds | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[26595875] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | Flower Buds | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[26977531] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[33118348] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[34770801] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[35986990] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[36432211] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[36770740] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[36985392] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[36985747] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[37087263] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[37324556] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[37836118] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[37924762] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[38306771] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[38474614] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[38732062] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[39684253] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[39699537] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[8904847] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
PMID[9784154] |
| NPO927 | Swertia mussotii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[Article] |
| NPO19649 | Akebia quinata | Species | Lardizabalaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[Article] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO16642 | Astrantia major | Species | Apiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO19649 | Akebia quinata | Species | Lardizabalaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO3186 | Loranthus parasiticus | Species | Loranthaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO15479 | Oldenlandia diffusa | Species | Rubiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO18443 | Aristolochia manshuriensis | Species | Aristolochiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO20930 | Patrinia scabiosifolia | Species | Caprifoliaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO18340 | Ligustrum lucidum | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO13524 | Pyrola japonica | Species | Ericaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO3392 | Agastache rugosus | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO20828 | Swertia leducii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO21447 | Lotus corniculatus | Species | Fabaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO16561 | Viscum articulatum | Species | Viscaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO927 | Swertia mussotii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO17191 | Dryobalanops aromatica | Species | Dipterocarpaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[COCONUT] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] | |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] | |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | Bark | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | Essential Oil | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | Fruit | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | Fruit | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | Fruit | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | Leaf | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | Leaf | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | Oil | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | Root | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | Shoot | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | Stem | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] | |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] | |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | Database[FooDB] | |
| NPO19649 | Akebia quinata | Species | Lardizabalaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO15479 | Oldenlandia diffusa | Species | Rubiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO18443 | Aristolochia manshuriensis | Species | Aristolochiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO3392 | Agastache rugosus | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO3186 | Loranthus parasiticus | Species | Loranthaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO13524 | Pyrola japonica | Species | Ericaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO18340 | Ligustrum lucidum | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO17191 | Dryobalanops aromatica | Species | Dipterocarpaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO16561 | Viscum articulatum | Species | Viscaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO16642 | Astrantia major | Species | Apiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO927 | Swertia mussotii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO21447 | Lotus corniculatus | Species | Fabaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[HerDing] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO17191 | Dryobalanops aromatica | Species | Dipterocarpaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO13524 | Pyrola japonica | Species | Ericaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO19649 | Akebia quinata | Species | Lardizabalaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO3392 | Agastache rugosus | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO18340 | Ligustrum lucidum | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO15479 | Oldenlandia diffusa | Species | Rubiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO20930 | Patrinia scabiosifolia | Species | Caprifoliaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO3186 | Loranthus parasiticus | Species | Loranthaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO18443 | Aristolochia manshuriensis | Species | Aristolochiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO16561 | Viscum articulatum | Species | Viscaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO8279 | Chamerion angustifolium | Species | Onagraceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO16642 | Astrantia major | Species | Apiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO21447 | Lotus corniculatus | Species | Fabaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO927 | Swertia mussotii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO20828 | Swertia leducii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCMID] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO18340 | Ligustrum lucidum | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO19649 | Akebia quinata | Species | Lardizabalaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO16561 | Viscum articulatum | Species | Viscaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO13524 | Pyrola japonica | Species | Ericaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO15479 | Oldenlandia diffusa | Species | Rubiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO18443 | Aristolochia manshuriensis | Species | Aristolochiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO17191 | Dryobalanops aromatica | Species | Dipterocarpaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO21447 | Lotus corniculatus | Species | Fabaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO3186 | Loranthus parasiticus | Species | Loranthaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TCM_Taiwan] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO19649 | Akebia quinata | Species | Lardizabalaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO20930 | Patrinia scabiosifolia | Species | Caprifoliaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO18340 | Ligustrum lucidum | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO13524 | Pyrola japonica | Species | Ericaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO15479 | Oldenlandia diffusa | Species | Rubiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO20828 | Swertia leducii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[TM-MC] |
| NPO3186 | Loranthus parasiticus | Species | Loranthaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO17551 | Phytolacca americana | Species | Phytolaccaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO28608 | Olea europaea | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO3987 | Syzygium aromaticum | Species | Myrtaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO25583 | Beta vulgaris | Species | Chenopodiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO16642 | Astrantia major | Species | Apiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO20828 | Swertia leducii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO19649 | Akebia quinata | Species | Lardizabalaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO13524 | Pyrola japonica | Species | Ericaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO21324 | Plantago major | Species | Plantaginaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO927 | Swertia mussotii | Species | Gentianaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO18296 | Diospyros kaki | Species | Ebenaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO21447 | Lotus corniculatus | Species | Fabaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO16561 | Viscum articulatum | Species | Viscaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO17191 | Dryobalanops aromatica | Species | Dipterocarpaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO17494 | Prunella vulgaris | Species | Lamiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO8279 | Chamerion angustifolium | Species | Onagraceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO18340 | Ligustrum lucidum | Species | Oleaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
| NPO15479 | Oldenlandia diffusa | Species | Rubiaceae | Eukaryota | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | Database[UNPD] |
Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].
  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration| Organism ID | Organism Name | Organism Material Preparation | Organism Part | NP Quantity (Standard) | NP Quantity (Minimum) | NP Quantity (Maximum) | Quantity Unit | Reference |
|---|
Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].
Biological Activity
| Target ID | Target Type | Target Name | Target Organism | Activity Type | Activity Relation | Value | Unit | Reference |
|---|
| Target ID | Target Type | Target Name | Target Organism | Activity Type | Activity Relation | Value | Unit | Reference |
|---|
| Target ID | Target Type | Target Name | Target Organism | Activity Type | Activity Relation | Value | Unit | Reference |
|---|
Experimental ADME
| Experiment Model | Experiment Tissue | ADME Type | ADME Relation | ADME Value | ADME Unit | Reference |
|---|
Experimental Toxicity
| Experiment Model | Experiment Organism | Toxicity Type | Toxicity Relation | Toxicity Value | Toxicity Unit | Reference |
|---|
Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria
| Hepatotoxicity | Carcinogenicity | Mutagenicity | Cardiotoxicity | Respiratory Toxicity | Eye Irritation | Endocrine Disruption |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]
  Chemically structural similarityTop-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)
Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.
●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC171495 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).
| Similarity Score | Similarity Level | Natural Product ID |
|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | High Similarity | NPC167383 |
| 0.8904 | High Similarity | NPC237503 |
| 0.7927 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC29069 |
| 0.7867 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC191763 |
| 0.7792 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC46388 |
| 0.7595 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC306746 |
| 0.7381 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC214484 |
| 0.7286 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC246708 |
| 0.7222 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC104071 |
| 0.7209 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC48499 |
| 0.7143 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC209894 |
| 0.7045 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC235405 |
| 0.7045 | Intermediate Similarity | NPC475516 |
| 0.6966 | Remote Similarity | NPC249848 |
| 0.6966 | Remote Similarity | NPC107966 |
| 0.6957 | Remote Similarity | NPC473459 |
| 0.6951 | Remote Similarity | NPC37739 |
| 0.6951 | Remote Similarity | NPC199457 |
| 0.6889 | Remote Similarity | NPC295371 |
| 0.6889 | Remote Similarity | NPC473884 |
| 0.6889 | Remote Similarity | NPC39211 |
| 0.6889 | Remote Similarity | NPC157868 |
| 0.6867 | Remote Similarity | NPC68419 |
| 0.6813 | Remote Similarity | NPC469946 |
| 0.6778 | Remote Similarity | NPC150400 |
| 0.6739 | Remote Similarity | NPC192791 |
| 0.6739 | Remote Similarity | NPC223301 |
| 0.6739 | Remote Similarity | NPC242840 |
| 0.6739 | Remote Similarity | NPC171544 |
| 0.6739 | Remote Similarity | NPC112352 |
| 0.6667 | Remote Similarity | NPC30735 |
| 0.6667 | Remote Similarity | NPC137917 |
| 0.6667 | Remote Similarity | NPC604133 |
| 0.6596 | Remote Similarity | NPC40775 |
| 0.6596 | Remote Similarity | NPC10607 |
| 0.6596 | Remote Similarity | NPC251768 |
| 0.6596 | Remote Similarity | NPC159309 |
| 0.6596 | Remote Similarity | NPC102439 |
| 0.6596 | Remote Similarity | NPC46665 |
| 0.6596 | Remote Similarity | NPC86222 |
| 0.6591 | Remote Similarity | NPC90856 |
| 0.6526 | Remote Similarity | NPC475591 |
| 0.6526 | Remote Similarity | NPC63159 |
| 0.6526 | Remote Similarity | NPC236870 |
| 0.6526 | Remote Similarity | NPC235438 |
| 0.6506 | Remote Similarity | NPC605954 |
| 0.6471 | Remote Similarity | NPC310014 |
| 0.6471 | Remote Similarity | NPC269315 |
| 0.6458 | Remote Similarity | NPC222580 |
| 0.6458 | Remote Similarity | NPC297263 |
| 0.6327 | Remote Similarity | NPC281148 |
| 0.6327 | Remote Similarity | NPC104372 |
| 0.6327 | Remote Similarity | NPC114484 |
| 0.6279 | Remote Similarity | NPC7870 |
| 0.6279 | Remote Similarity | NPC75747 |
| 0.6263 | Remote Similarity | NPC301449 |
| 0.6263 | Remote Similarity | NPC601290 |
| 0.625 | Remote Similarity | NPC101475 |
| 0.6237 | Remote Similarity | NPC473373 |
| 0.62 | Remote Similarity | NPC80986 |
| 0.6164 | Remote Similarity | NPC235341 |
| 0.6139 | Remote Similarity | NPC31838 |
| 0.6139 | Remote Similarity | NPC481078 |
| 0.6139 | Remote Similarity | NPC187290 |
| 0.6129 | Remote Similarity | NPC139894 |
| 0.6122 | Remote Similarity | NPC609763 |
| 0.6092 | Remote Similarity | NPC48249 |
| 0.6056 | Remote Similarity | NPC290598 |
| 0.6056 | Remote Similarity | NPC30590 |
| 0.6047 | Remote Similarity | NPC116794 |
| 0.604 | Remote Similarity | NPC481030 |
| 0.6023 | Remote Similarity | NPC271138 |
| 0.6023 | Remote Similarity | NPC110139 |
| 0.6023 | Remote Similarity | NPC108709 |
| 0.5979 | Remote Similarity | NPC309714 |
| 0.5978 | Remote Similarity | NPC1046 |
| 0.5941 | Remote Similarity | NPC481079 |
| 0.5938 | Remote Similarity | NPC473343 |
| 0.5934 | Remote Similarity | NPC47063 |
| 0.5918 | Remote Similarity | NPC305267 |
| 0.5918 | Remote Similarity | NPC480475 |
| 0.5914 | Remote Similarity | NPC475208 |
| 0.5905 | Remote Similarity | NPC79643 |
| 0.5889 | Remote Similarity | NPC128925 |
| 0.5889 | Remote Similarity | NPC256798 |
| 0.587 | Remote Similarity | NPC204458 |
| 0.587 | Remote Similarity | NPC189884 |
| 0.587 | Remote Similarity | NPC138334 |
| 0.5849 | Remote Similarity | NPC481031 |
| 0.5843 | Remote Similarity | NPC102914 |
| 0.5816 | Remote Similarity | NPC109588 |
| 0.58 | Remote Similarity | NPC475504 |
| 0.5794 | Remote Similarity | NPC135904 |
| 0.5794 | Remote Similarity | NPC123199 |
| 0.5778 | Remote Similarity | NPC220984 |
| 0.5769 | Remote Similarity | NPC75287 |
| 0.5769 | Remote Similarity | NPC136313 |
| 0.5758 | Remote Similarity | NPC11551 |
| 0.5741 | Remote Similarity | NPC475160 |
| 0.5741 | Remote Similarity | NPC100639 |
| 0.5741 | Remote Similarity | NPC470218 |
| 0.5741 | Remote Similarity | NPC473714 |
| 0.5728 | Remote Similarity | NPC295823 |
| 0.5728 | Remote Similarity | NPC96641 |
| 0.5728 | Remote Similarity | NPC174720 |
| 0.5728 | Remote Similarity | NPC163183 |
| 0.5728 | Remote Similarity | NPC241909 |
| 0.5728 | Remote Similarity | NPC475467 |
| 0.5699 | Remote Similarity | NPC269095 |
| 0.5696 | Remote Similarity | NPC488519 |
| 0.5682 | Remote Similarity | NPC190837 |
| 0.5658 | Remote Similarity | NPC470588 |
| 0.5644 | Remote Similarity | NPC31193 |
| 0.5638 | Remote Similarity | NPC78046 |
| 0.5636 | Remote Similarity | NPC481080 |
| 0.5612 | Remote Similarity | NPC475171 |
| 0.5586 | Remote Similarity | NPC476068 |
| 0.5579 | Remote Similarity | NPC179434 |
| 0.5577 | Remote Similarity | NPC480473 |
| 0.5577 | Remote Similarity | NPC69811 |
| 0.5577 | Remote Similarity | NPC480474 |
| 0.5567 | Remote Similarity | NPC58448 |
| 0.5556 | Remote Similarity | NPC75417 |
| 0.5526 | Remote Similarity | NPC253807 |
| 0.5526 | Remote Similarity | NPC158662 |
| 0.5514 | Remote Similarity | NPC60557 |
| 0.5514 | Remote Similarity | NPC76972 |
| 0.5514 | Remote Similarity | NPC469782 |
| 0.5514 | Remote Similarity | NPC67857 |
| 0.5514 | Remote Similarity | NPC204414 |
| 0.5487 | Remote Similarity | NPC41061 |
| 0.5487 | Remote Similarity | NPC227551 |
| 0.5487 | Remote Similarity | NPC258617 |
| 0.5463 | Remote Similarity | NPC192600 |
| 0.5439 | Remote Similarity | NPC293330 |
| 0.5439 | Remote Similarity | NPC65105 |
| 0.5439 | Remote Similarity | NPC43550 |
| 0.5437 | Remote Similarity | NPC64715 |
| 0.5413 | Remote Similarity | NPC475899 |
| 0.5395 | Remote Similarity | NPC34177 |
| 0.5395 | Remote Similarity | NPC196753 |
| 0.5391 | Remote Similarity | NPC305981 |
| 0.5391 | Remote Similarity | NPC481081 |
| 0.5375 | Remote Similarity | NPC214756 |
| 0.537 | Remote Similarity | NPC475287 |
| 0.5368 | Remote Similarity | NPC238935 |
| 0.5366 | Remote Similarity | NPC49776 |
| 0.5366 | Remote Similarity | NPC63118 |
| 0.5366 | Remote Similarity | NPC474436 |
| 0.5364 | Remote Similarity | NPC155410 |
| 0.5347 | Remote Similarity | NPC160415 |
| 0.5345 | Remote Similarity | NPC261506 |
| 0.5345 | Remote Similarity | NPC298034 |
| 0.5345 | Remote Similarity | NPC71065 |
| 0.5345 | Remote Similarity | NPC4328 |
| 0.5319 | Remote Similarity | NPC607754 |
| 0.5316 | Remote Similarity | NPC40552 |
| 0.5315 | Remote Similarity | NPC191827 |
| 0.531 | Remote Similarity | NPC57484 |
| 0.5309 | Remote Similarity | NPC481361 |
| 0.53 | Remote Similarity | NPC263756 |
| 0.53 | Remote Similarity | NPC161674 |
| 0.53 | Remote Similarity | NPC213674 |
| 0.5294 | Remote Similarity | NPC164389 |
| 0.5275 | Remote Similarity | NPC65590 |
| 0.5275 | Remote Similarity | NPC125923 |
| 0.5268 | Remote Similarity | NPC488560 |
| 0.525 | Remote Similarity | NPC162107 |
| 0.525 | Remote Similarity | NPC46912 |
| 0.5243 | Remote Similarity | NPC68175 |
| 0.5238 | Remote Similarity | NPC294360 |
| 0.521 | Remote Similarity | NPC250247 |
| 0.5195 | Remote Similarity | NPC311078 |
| 0.519 | Remote Similarity | NPC267517 |
| 0.5185 | Remote Similarity | NPC11242 |
| 0.5179 | Remote Similarity | NPC471550 |
| 0.5146 | Remote Similarity | NPC101744 |
| 0.5133 | Remote Similarity | NPC25663 |
| 0.5128 | Remote Similarity | NPC135849 |
| 0.5109 | Remote Similarity | NPC479080 |
| 0.5096 | Remote Similarity | NPC148417 |
| 0.5091 | Remote Similarity | NPC300419 |
| 0.5088 | Remote Similarity | NPC487505 |
| 0.5065 | Remote Similarity | NPC474989 |
Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.
●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC171495 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).
| Similarity Score | Similarity Level | Drug ID | Developmental Stage |
|---|---|---|---|
| NPD |
  Bioactivity similaritySimilarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.
