Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  295.87
Volume:  178.1
LogP:  1.841
LogD:  1.422
LogS:  -2.243
# Rotatable Bonds:  1
TPSA:  60.69
# H-Bond Aceptor:  3
# H-Bond Donor:  3
# Rings:  1
# Heavy Atoms:  5

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.696
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  2.801
Fsp3:  0.143
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Accepted
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Accepted
Chelating Alert:  1
PAINS Alert:  1

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -4.835
MDCK Permeability:  1.4389755051524844e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.005
Pgp-substrate:  0.0
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.367
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.005
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.007

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.545
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  97.26404571533203%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.979
Pgp-substrate:  7.1005449295043945%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.685
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.153
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.041
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.107
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.043
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.265
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.219
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.298
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.022
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.114

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  1.938
Half-life (T1/2):  0.94

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.101
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.166
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.11
AMES Toxicity:  0.107
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.218
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.014
Skin Sensitization:  0.934
Carcinogencity:  0.232
Eye Corrosion:  0.014
Eye Irritation:  0.928
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.128

Download Data

Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC474146

Natural Product ID:  NPC474146
Common Name*:   2,5-Dibromo-3,4-Dihydroxybenzyl Alcohol
IUPAC Name:   3,6-dibromo-4-(hydroxymethyl)benzene-1,2-diol
Synonyms:  
Standard InCHIKey:  NLXXHGMMQNEDKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C7H6Br2O3/c8-4-1-3(2-10)5(9)7(12)6(4)11/h1,10-12H,2H2
SMILES:  OCc1cc(Br)c(c(c1Br)O)O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL462976
PubChem CID:   11369980
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0002448] Benzenoids
      • [CHEMONTID:0000134] Phenols
        • [CHEMONTID:0001286] Benzenediols
          • [CHEMONTID:0000135] Catechols

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO32930 polysiphonia lanosa Species Rhodomelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[15387639]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT579 Cell Line DLD-1 Homo sapiens IC50 = 15000.0 nM PMID[517575]
NPT393 Cell Line HCT-116 Homo sapiens IC50 = 21400.0 nM PMID[517575]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC474146 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.9469 High Similarity NPC79844
0.9402 High Similarity NPC47790
0.925 High Similarity NPC43706
0.9174 High Similarity NPC473708
0.9174 High Similarity NPC474147
0.9083 High Similarity NPC137117
0.9068 High Similarity NPC227976
0.8871 High Similarity NPC474614
0.876 High Similarity NPC229213
0.872 High Similarity NPC85049
0.8689 High Similarity NPC474169
0.8689 High Similarity NPC473572
0.8678 High Similarity NPC136543
0.8651 High Similarity NPC226493
0.8651 High Similarity NPC160081
0.864 High Similarity NPC150929
0.8594 High Similarity NPC163560
0.848 Intermediate Similarity NPC134219
0.843 Intermediate Similarity NPC38483
0.8413 Intermediate Similarity NPC13004
0.8403 Intermediate Similarity NPC50782
0.8385 Intermediate Similarity NPC245386
0.8372 Intermediate Similarity NPC300678
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC271942
0.8254 Intermediate Similarity NPC220311
0.8231 Intermediate Similarity NPC474135
0.8195 Intermediate Similarity NPC156356
0.8134 Intermediate Similarity NPC160932
0.813 Intermediate Similarity NPC117759
0.812 Intermediate Similarity NPC224663
0.811 Intermediate Similarity NPC142776
0.8092 Intermediate Similarity NPC303011
0.803 Intermediate Similarity NPC244890
0.8016 Intermediate Similarity NPC219444
0.8015 Intermediate Similarity NPC89341
0.797 Intermediate Similarity NPC312155
0.7953 Intermediate Similarity NPC84606
0.7943 Intermediate Similarity NPC152947
0.7863 Intermediate Similarity NPC474536
0.7857 Intermediate Similarity NPC88896
0.7842 Intermediate Similarity NPC109346
0.7794 Intermediate Similarity NPC168680
0.7786 Intermediate Similarity NPC214553
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC12278
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC199089
0.7744 Intermediate Similarity NPC43613
0.7626 Intermediate Similarity NPC118794
0.7607 Intermediate Similarity NPC110764
0.7594 Intermediate Similarity NPC105702
0.7586 Intermediate Similarity NPC131587
0.7521 Intermediate Similarity NPC471495
0.7519 Intermediate Similarity NPC55113
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC471328
0.7481 Intermediate Similarity NPC110800
0.7459 Intermediate Similarity NPC54543
0.7398 Intermediate Similarity NPC473358
0.736 Intermediate Similarity NPC76400
0.736 Intermediate Similarity NPC471485
0.735 Intermediate Similarity NPC109955
0.7329 Intermediate Similarity NPC7398
0.7328 Intermediate Similarity NPC107522
0.7324 Intermediate Similarity NPC184632
0.725 Intermediate Similarity NPC477801
0.725 Intermediate Similarity NPC477802
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC471488
0.7192 Intermediate Similarity NPC178097
0.7177 Intermediate Similarity NPC71266
0.7177 Intermediate Similarity NPC55617
0.7177 Intermediate Similarity NPC62258
0.7165 Intermediate Similarity NPC120280
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC473608
0.7133 Intermediate Similarity NPC250597
0.713 Intermediate Similarity NPC312304
0.713 Intermediate Similarity NPC300478
0.712 Intermediate Similarity NPC120982
0.712 Intermediate Similarity NPC147634
0.712 Intermediate Similarity NPC471487
0.712 Intermediate Similarity NPC174096
0.712 Intermediate Similarity NPC226401
0.712 Intermediate Similarity NPC79793
0.7107 Intermediate Similarity NPC196479
0.7099 Intermediate Similarity NPC180207
0.7087 Intermediate Similarity NPC264558
0.7087 Intermediate Similarity NPC33244
0.7083 Intermediate Similarity NPC223393
0.7077 Intermediate Similarity NPC15350
0.7073 Intermediate Similarity NPC19149
0.7063 Intermediate Similarity NPC179002
0.7063 Intermediate Similarity NPC257430
0.7063 Intermediate Similarity NPC187583
0.7054 Intermediate Similarity NPC221049
0.7049 Intermediate Similarity NPC471511
0.7049 Intermediate Similarity NPC120719
0.7045 Intermediate Similarity NPC471486
0.704 Intermediate Similarity NPC473372
0.7039 Intermediate Similarity NPC474535
0.7031 Intermediate Similarity NPC94217
0.7023 Intermediate Similarity NPC320987
0.7023 Intermediate Similarity NPC100395
0.7023 Intermediate Similarity NPC181969
0.7016 Intermediate Similarity NPC176527
0.6993 Remote Similarity NPC475697
0.6992 Remote Similarity NPC239291
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC35071
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC169207
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC115627
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC177475
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC472071
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC118522
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC148615
0.696 Remote Similarity NPC105727
0.696 Remote Similarity NPC34864
0.696 Remote Similarity NPC58427
0.696 Remote Similarity NPC114392
0.6948 Remote Similarity NPC38980
0.6947 Remote Similarity NPC63126
0.6947 Remote Similarity NPC255675
0.6942 Remote Similarity NPC130103
0.6935 Remote Similarity NPC477814
0.6929 Remote Similarity NPC78918
0.6929 Remote Similarity NPC139617
0.6929 Remote Similarity NPC268032
0.6911 Remote Similarity NPC79672
0.6911 Remote Similarity NPC52087
0.6906 Remote Similarity NPC473724
0.6899 Remote Similarity NPC115803
0.6894 Remote Similarity NPC477803
0.6891 Remote Similarity NPC313650
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC470804
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC266045
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC476343
0.6857 Remote Similarity NPC158078
0.6838 Remote Similarity NPC300017
0.6825 Remote Similarity NPC233835
0.6822 Remote Similarity NPC59387
0.6815 Remote Similarity NPC209567
0.681 Remote Similarity NPC104216
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPC475466
0.68 Remote Similarity NPC1075
0.68 Remote Similarity NPC294902
0.68 Remote Similarity NPC1786
0.6797 Remote Similarity NPC156840
0.6797 Remote Similarity NPC8547
0.6797 Remote Similarity NPC173746
0.6797 Remote Similarity NPC257124
0.6791 Remote Similarity NPC470414
0.6783 Remote Similarity NPC252149
0.6777 Remote Similarity NPC88420
0.6777 Remote Similarity NPC474073
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC36108
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC228343
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC254833
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC7097
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC246358
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC233731
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC473524
0.6769 Remote Similarity NPC217472
0.6767 Remote Similarity NPC135961
0.6765 Remote Similarity NPC220598
0.6765 Remote Similarity NPC165375
0.6765 Remote Similarity NPC473451
0.6742 Remote Similarity NPC164386
0.6741 Remote Similarity NPC49341
0.6738 Remote Similarity NPC259017
0.6723 Remote Similarity NPC325292
0.6723 Remote Similarity NPC138117
0.6719 Remote Similarity NPC222084
0.6718 Remote Similarity NPC472893
0.6718 Remote Similarity NPC4665
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC229401
0.6692 Remote Similarity NPC148969
0.6692 Remote Similarity NPC95381
0.6691 Remote Similarity NPC296202
0.6688 Remote Similarity NPC294870
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC193067
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC174911
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC297657
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC90318
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC226250
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC109371
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC470214
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC20674
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC471693
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC470215
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC105999
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC156654
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC311595
0.6642 Remote Similarity NPC24474
0.6641 Remote Similarity NPC33749
0.6641 Remote Similarity NPC328593
0.6641 Remote Similarity NPC261453
0.6619 Remote Similarity NPC236347
0.6619 Remote Similarity NPC323775
0.6619 Remote Similarity NPC191037
0.6619 Remote Similarity NPC178284
0.6619 Remote Similarity NPC58607
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC472271
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC147654
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC7830
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC322332

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC474146 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.7479 Intermediate Similarity NPD9244 Approved
0.712 Intermediate Similarity NPD9280 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.697 Remote Similarity NPD9381 Approved
0.697 Remote Similarity NPD9384 Approved
0.6797 Remote Similarity NPD228 Approved
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPD3021 Approved
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPD3022 Approved
0.6765 Remote Similarity NPD9622 Approved
0.6619 Remote Similarity NPD9621 Approved
0.6619 Remote Similarity NPD9620 Approved
0.6619 Remote Similarity NPD9619 Approved
0.6615 Remote Similarity NPD9377 Approved
0.6615 Remote Similarity NPD9379 Approved
0.6532 Remote Similarity NPD1242 Phase 1
0.6479 Remote Similarity NPD3027 Phase 3
0.6466 Remote Similarity NPD111 Approved
0.6449 Remote Similarity NPD9269 Phase 2
0.6434 Remote Similarity NPD598 Approved
0.6434 Remote Similarity NPD597 Approved
0.6434 Remote Similarity NPD601 Approved
0.6389 Remote Similarity NPD1130 Approved
0.6389 Remote Similarity NPD1136 Approved
0.6389 Remote Similarity NPD1132 Approved
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPD9718 Approved
0.6345 Remote Similarity NPD3059 Approved
0.6345 Remote Similarity NPD3062 Approved
0.6345 Remote Similarity NPD1613 Approved
0.6345 Remote Similarity NPD1612 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6345 Remote Similarity NPD3061 Approved
0.6303 Remote Similarity NPD9094 Approved
0.627 Remote Similarity NPD289 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.626 Remote Similarity NPD2934 Approved
0.626 Remote Similarity NPD2933 Approved
0.626 Remote Similarity NPD9380 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.626 Remote Similarity NPD1432 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6259 Remote Similarity NPD5314 Approved
0.6259 Remote Similarity NPD823 Approved
0.6259 Remote Similarity NPD817 Approved
0.6224 Remote Similarity NPD1530 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.622 Remote Similarity NPD846 Approved
0.622 Remote Similarity NPD940 Approved
0.621 Remote Similarity NPD2860 Approved
0.621 Remote Similarity NPD2859 Approved
0.621 Remote Similarity NPD844 Approved
0.619 Remote Similarity NPD3020 Approved
0.619 Remote Similarity NPD230 Phase 1
0.6181 Remote Similarity NPD1529 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.616 Remote Similarity NPD288 Approved
0.6159 Remote Similarity NPD9268 Approved
0.6159 Remote Similarity NPD1357 Approved
0.6143 Remote Similarity NPD3092 Approved
0.6133 Remote Similarity NPD9570 Approved
0.6093 Remote Similarity NPD7266 Discontinued
0.6084 Remote Similarity NPD3094 Phase 2
0.608 Remote Similarity NPD1809 Phase 2
0.6061 Remote Similarity NPD4010 Discontinued
0.6056 Remote Similarity NPD4379 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6053 Remote Similarity NPD9294 Approved
0.6029 Remote Similarity NPD9618 Approved
0.6029 Remote Similarity NPD9614 Approved
0.6027 Remote Similarity NPD1223 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6015 Remote Similarity NPD4750 Phase 3
0.6014 Remote Similarity NPD9634 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6014 Remote Similarity NPD5310 Approved
0.6014 Remote Similarity NPD3620 Phase 2
0.6014 Remote Similarity NPD5311 Approved
0.6014 Remote Similarity NPD3619 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD9494 Approved
0.5987 Remote Similarity NPD2029 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5986 Remote Similarity NPD2337 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5985 Remote Similarity NPD9265 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5972 Remote Similarity NPD3053 Approved
0.5972 Remote Similarity NPD3055 Approved
0.5971 Remote Similarity NPD3091 Approved
0.594 Remote Similarity NPD2684 Approved
0.5935 Remote Similarity NPD6190 Approved
0.5931 Remote Similarity NPD257 Approved
0.5931 Remote Similarity NPD258 Approved
0.592 Remote Similarity NPD845 Approved
0.5915 Remote Similarity NPD3705 Approved
0.5909 Remote Similarity NPD968 Approved
0.5906 Remote Similarity NPD943 Approved
0.5906 Remote Similarity NPD1558 Phase 1
0.5906 Remote Similarity NPD825 Approved
0.5906 Remote Similarity NPD826 Approved
0.5899 Remote Similarity NPD856 Approved
0.5899 Remote Similarity NPD9616 Approved
0.5899 Remote Similarity NPD9613 Approved
0.5899 Remote Similarity NPD317 Approved
0.5899 Remote Similarity NPD16 Approved
0.5899 Remote Similarity NPD9615 Approved
0.5899 Remote Similarity NPD318 Approved
0.589 Remote Similarity NPD9569 Approved
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD9296 Approved
0.5867 Remote Similarity NPD555 Phase 2
0.5865 Remote Similarity NPD290 Approved
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD9088 Approved
0.5859 Remote Similarity NPD9273 Approved
0.5857 Remote Similarity NPD316 Approved
0.5855 Remote Similarity NPD651 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5855 Remote Similarity NPD1169 Approved
0.5847 Remote Similarity NPD9093 Approved
0.5839 Remote Similarity NPD2674 Phase 3
0.5839 Remote Similarity NPD259 Phase 1
0.5839 Remote Similarity NPD5283 Phase 1
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPD302 Approved
0.5811 Remote Similarity NPD9536 Phase 1
0.5811 Remote Similarity NPD9537 Phase 1
0.5809 Remote Similarity NPD6124 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5802 Remote Similarity NPD9500 Approved
0.5798 Remote Similarity NPD9089 Approved
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD1444 Approved
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD1445 Approved
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD9087 Approved
0.5782 Remote Similarity NPD2861 Phase 2
0.5775 Remote Similarity NPD5238 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5772 Remote Similarity NPD3145 Approved
0.5772 Remote Similarity NPD2028 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5772 Remote Similarity NPD3144 Approved
0.5766 Remote Similarity NPD7635 Approved
0.5766 Remote Similarity NPD7843 Approved
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPD9608 Approved
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPD9610 Approved
0.5755 Remote Similarity NPD7157 Approved
0.5746 Remote Similarity NPD2342 Discontinued
0.5745 Remote Similarity NPD9545 Approved
0.5745 Remote Similarity NPD1548 Phase 1
0.5725 Remote Similarity NPD7159 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5723 Remote Similarity NPD7422 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5723 Remote Similarity NPD4160 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD1653 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD599 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD858 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD859 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD602 Approved
0.5705 Remote Similarity NPD3060 Approved
0.5694 Remote Similarity NPD1610 Phase 2
0.5694 Remote Similarity NPD1091 Approved
0.5664 Remote Similarity NPD3095 Discontinued
0.5662 Remote Similarity NPD1792 Phase 2
0.5658 Remote Similarity NPD275 Approved
0.5658 Remote Similarity NPD274 Approved
0.5655 Remote Similarity NPD2561 Approved
0.5655 Remote Similarity NPD2562 Approved
0.5643 Remote Similarity NPD6671 Approved
0.5621 Remote Similarity NPD2568 Approved
0.5616 Remote Similarity NPD4659 Approved
0.5616 Remote Similarity NPD2983 Phase 2
0.5616 Remote Similarity NPD2982 Phase 2
0.5615 Remote Similarity NPD9495 Approved
0.5612 Remote Similarity NPD2228 Approved
0.5612 Remote Similarity NPD2229 Approved
0.5612 Remote Similarity NPD2234 Approved

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data