Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  834.42
Volume:  819.768
LogP:  4.612
LogD:  2.942
LogS:  -4.818
# Rotatable Bonds:  26
TPSA:  227.34
# H-Bond Aceptor:  18
# H-Bond Donor:  2
# Rings:  3
# Heavy Atoms:  18

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.096
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  5.346
Fsp3:  0.875
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Rejected
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Rejected
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Rejected
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -5.02
MDCK Permeability:  0.00021344915148802102
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.995
Pgp-substrate:  0.997
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.651
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.0
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.914

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.006
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  81.8244857788086%
Volume Distribution (VD):  1.437
Pgp-substrate:  7.675645351409912%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.005
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.048
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.011
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.061
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.094
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.005
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.943
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.01
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.662
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.127

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  1.449
Half-life (T1/2):  0.83

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.636
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.975
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.974
AMES Toxicity:  0.189
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.209
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.002
Skin Sensitization:  0.911
Carcinogencity:  0.056
Eye Corrosion:  0.004
Eye Irritation:  0.009
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.783

Download Data

Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC225748

Natural Product ID:  NPC225748
Common Name*:   Mezzettiaside 2
IUPAC Name:   [(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,5-diacetyloxy-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,5-diacetyloxy-4-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-octoxyoxan-3-yl] hexanoate
Synonyms:   Mezzettiaside 2
Standard InCHIKey:  SXBDWFAPSSAIPL-QBWWOGMWSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C40H66O18/c1-10-12-14-15-16-18-20-48-38-30(47)34(32(22(4)49-38)56-28(45)19-17-13-11-2)57-40-37(55-27(9)44)36(33(23(5)51-40)53-25(7)42)58-39-35(54-26(8)43)29(46)31(21(3)50-39)52-24(6)41/h21-23,29-40,46-47H,10-20H2,1-9H3/t21-,22-,23-,29+,30+,31-,32-,33-,34-,35+,36+,37+,38+,39-,40-/m0/s1
SMILES:  CCCCCC(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](C)O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]1O[C@@H]1O[C@@H](C)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1OC(=O)C)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H](C)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1OC(=O)C)O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)O)OCCCCCCCC
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL452206
PubChem CID:   10102009
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0004603] Organic oxygen compounds
      • [CHEMONTID:0000323] Organooxygen compounds
        • [CHEMONTID:0000011] Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
          • [CHEMONTID:0000198] Oligosaccharides

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO25657 Mezzettia leptopoda Species Annonaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[9868159]
NPO25657 Mezzettia leptopoda Species Annonaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT1034 Cell Line Lu1 Homo sapiens ED50 = 8.6 ug ml-1 PMID[455691]
NPT1851 Cell Line Col2 Homo sapiens ED50 = 4.3 ug ml-1 PMID[455691]
NPT91 Cell Line KB Homo sapiens ED50 = 6.2 ug ml-1 PMID[455691]
NPT91 Cell Line KB Homo sapiens ED50 > 20.0 ug ml-1 PMID[455691]
NPT858 Cell Line LNCaP Homo sapiens ED50 > 20.0 ug ml-1 PMID[455691]
NPT91 Cell Line KB Homo sapiens ED50 = 7.0 uM PMID[455692]
NPT1034 Cell Line Lu1 Homo sapiens ED50 = 10.0 uM PMID[455692]
NPT397 Cell Line NCI-H460 Homo sapiens IC50 = 17000.0 nM PMID[455692]
NPT20529 NON-MOLECULAR NON-PROTEIN TARGET n.a. ED50 > 20.0 ug ml-1 PMID[455691]
NPT79 Organism Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis MIC > 128000.0 nM PMID[455692]
NPT20529 NON-MOLECULAR NON-PROTEIN TARGET n.a. ED50 = 5.0 uM PMID[455692]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC225748 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
1.0 High Similarity NPC9763
1.0 High Similarity NPC169085
1.0 High Similarity NPC39266
0.9706 High Similarity NPC206823
0.9706 High Similarity NPC163812
0.9571 High Similarity NPC477350
0.9552 High Similarity NPC211428
0.9437 High Similarity NPC476782
0.9437 High Similarity NPC216883
0.9437 High Similarity NPC476781
0.9437 High Similarity NPC476783
0.9403 High Similarity NPC67099
0.9403 High Similarity NPC97736
0.9403 High Similarity NPC250619
0.9403 High Similarity NPC50228
0.9306 High Similarity NPC477323
0.9306 High Similarity NPC477330
0.9306 High Similarity NPC475425
0.9306 High Similarity NPC477328
0.9306 High Similarity NPC281563
0.9306 High Similarity NPC477329
0.9306 High Similarity NPC477320
0.9306 High Similarity NPC146380
0.9306 High Similarity NPC477326
0.9306 High Similarity NPC113745
0.9306 High Similarity NPC109887
0.9306 High Similarity NPC477325
0.9265 High Similarity NPC285003
0.9265 High Similarity NPC241265
0.9178 High Similarity NPC146992
0.9178 High Similarity NPC477344
0.9178 High Similarity NPC477346
0.9178 High Similarity NPC158302
0.9178 High Similarity NPC22742
0.9178 High Similarity NPC85759
0.9178 High Similarity NPC294748
0.913 High Similarity NPC53760
0.913 High Similarity NPC52268
0.9054 High Similarity NPC267592
0.8971 High Similarity NPC206601
0.8955 High Similarity NPC76881
0.8955 High Similarity NPC190418
0.8955 High Similarity NPC12040
0.8955 High Similarity NPC471761
0.8955 High Similarity NPC471760
0.8933 High Similarity NPC477319
0.8933 High Similarity NPC475270
0.8933 High Similarity NPC123204
0.8933 High Similarity NPC477331
0.8933 High Similarity NPC89843
0.8933 High Similarity NPC143421
0.8933 High Similarity NPC269318
0.8933 High Similarity NPC307400
0.8933 High Similarity NPC475667
0.8933 High Similarity NPC472204
0.8933 High Similarity NPC224953
0.8933 High Similarity NPC27289
0.8933 High Similarity NPC126685
0.8933 High Similarity NPC472201
0.8933 High Similarity NPC183888
0.8933 High Similarity NPC238056
0.8933 High Similarity NPC477318
0.8933 High Similarity NPC119583
0.8933 High Similarity NPC472205
0.8933 High Similarity NPC186992
0.8933 High Similarity NPC477347
0.8933 High Similarity NPC184915
0.8933 High Similarity NPC297768
0.8933 High Similarity NPC169345
0.8933 High Similarity NPC115013
0.8933 High Similarity NPC259294
0.8933 High Similarity NPC173328
0.8933 High Similarity NPC44782
0.8933 High Similarity NPC477317
0.8933 High Similarity NPC472202
0.8933 High Similarity NPC475327
0.8933 High Similarity NPC476087
0.8933 High Similarity NPC290012
0.8933 High Similarity NPC472200
0.8933 High Similarity NPC472203
0.8701 High Similarity NPC477332
0.8701 High Similarity NPC60849
0.8701 High Similarity NPC472352
0.8611 High Similarity NPC308096
0.8611 High Similarity NPC291228
0.8472 Intermediate Similarity NPC184550
0.8472 Intermediate Similarity NPC185419
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC325773
0.8358 Intermediate Similarity NPC477753
0.8358 Intermediate Similarity NPC477757
0.8358 Intermediate Similarity NPC477750
0.8358 Intermediate Similarity NPC477762
0.8358 Intermediate Similarity NPC477763
0.8358 Intermediate Similarity NPC477755
0.806 Intermediate Similarity NPC317023
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC156089
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC38295
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC470313
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC473500
0.791 Intermediate Similarity NPC472025
0.7882 Intermediate Similarity NPC477349
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC477751
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC477752
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC477764
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC477756
0.7761 Intermediate Similarity NPC148424
0.775 Intermediate Similarity NPC21693
0.775 Intermediate Similarity NPC236649
0.7746 Intermediate Similarity NPC6848
0.7701 Intermediate Similarity NPC477348
0.7701 Intermediate Similarity NPC163409
0.7701 Intermediate Similarity NPC238264
0.7701 Intermediate Similarity NPC477345
0.7701 Intermediate Similarity NPC44682
0.7671 Intermediate Similarity NPC477761
0.7671 Intermediate Similarity NPC477759
0.7671 Intermediate Similarity NPC477758
0.7671 Intermediate Similarity NPC477760
0.7671 Intermediate Similarity NPC477754
0.7654 Intermediate Similarity NPC248415
0.7619 Intermediate Similarity NPC51662
0.7536 Intermediate Similarity NPC290179
0.7536 Intermediate Similarity NPC322855
0.7536 Intermediate Similarity NPC34877
0.7536 Intermediate Similarity NPC320032
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC475241
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC475540
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC475525
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC473765
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC473605
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC475375
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC475164
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC476066
0.7528 Intermediate Similarity NPC475593
0.7468 Intermediate Similarity NPC110813
0.7463 Intermediate Similarity NPC303727
0.7432 Intermediate Similarity NPC32148
0.7381 Intermediate Similarity NPC83839
0.7375 Intermediate Similarity NPC133377
0.7361 Intermediate Similarity NPC268243
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC107914
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC67660
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC165198
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC242073
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC246558
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC157514
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC89145
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC58629
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC269166
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC145112
0.7294 Intermediate Similarity NPC470657
0.7262 Intermediate Similarity NPC288471
0.7209 Intermediate Similarity NPC31349
0.7209 Intermediate Similarity NPC314364
0.7206 Intermediate Similarity NPC53463
0.7206 Intermediate Similarity NPC469937
0.7206 Intermediate Similarity NPC23155
0.7206 Intermediate Similarity NPC320588
0.7083 Intermediate Similarity NPC472026
0.7059 Intermediate Similarity NPC125253
0.7059 Intermediate Similarity NPC253975
0.7059 Intermediate Similarity NPC192025
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC474003
0.7021 Intermediate Similarity NPC188453
0.7021 Intermediate Similarity NPC42320
0.7015 Intermediate Similarity NPC23134
0.7015 Intermediate Similarity NPC124963
0.7015 Intermediate Similarity NPC326533
0.7015 Intermediate Similarity NPC233726
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPC320089
0.6979 Remote Similarity NPC469827
0.6962 Remote Similarity NPC55652
0.6957 Remote Similarity NPC143446
0.6932 Remote Similarity NPC470009
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC321873
0.6889 Remote Similarity NPC472197
0.6854 Remote Similarity NPC285588
0.6848 Remote Similarity NPC215570
0.6842 Remote Similarity NPC476611
0.6837 Remote Similarity NPC126753
0.6837 Remote Similarity NPC287269
0.6829 Remote Similarity NPC244002
0.6812 Remote Similarity NPC323361
0.6812 Remote Similarity NPC130683
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC163362
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC127295
0.6771 Remote Similarity NPC310031
0.6771 Remote Similarity NPC80191
0.6768 Remote Similarity NPC469826
0.6768 Remote Similarity NPC207693
0.6744 Remote Similarity NPC474266
0.6739 Remote Similarity NPC472198
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC299781
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC157193
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC42503
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC282143
0.6712 Remote Similarity NPC470363
0.6711 Remote Similarity NPC147292
0.6709 Remote Similarity NPC474078
0.6703 Remote Similarity NPC472199

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC225748 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.8182 Intermediate Similarity NPD7329 Approved
0.7826 Intermediate Similarity NPD6123 Approved
0.7632 Intermediate Similarity NPD3181 Approved
0.7463 Intermediate Similarity NPD7346 Approved
0.7432 Intermediate Similarity NPD897 Approved
0.7432 Intermediate Similarity NPD898 Approved
0.7432 Intermediate Similarity NPD896 Approved
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPD892 Phase 3
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPD888 Phase 3
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPD891 Phase 3
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPD893 Approved
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPD890 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7206 Intermediate Similarity NPD3728 Approved
0.7206 Intermediate Similarity NPD3730 Approved
0.7164 Intermediate Similarity NPD2269 Approved
0.7015 Intermediate Similarity NPD904 Phase 3
0.7015 Intermediate Similarity NPD905 Approved
0.6812 Remote Similarity NPD894 Approved
0.6812 Remote Similarity NPD889 Approved
0.6812 Remote Similarity NPD895 Approved
0.6812 Remote Similarity NPD887 Approved
0.6761 Remote Similarity NPD2267 Suspended
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPD8961 Approved
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD8139 Approved
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD8084 Approved
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD8085 Approved
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD8086 Approved
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD8138 Approved
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD8082 Approved
0.6598 Remote Similarity NPD8083 Approved
0.6566 Remote Similarity NPD8393 Approved
0.6552 Remote Similarity NPD3669 Approved
0.6552 Remote Similarity NPD3670 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6531 Remote Similarity NPD8275 Approved
0.6531 Remote Similarity NPD8276 Approved
0.65 Remote Similarity NPD7532 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6465 Remote Similarity NPD8170 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6465 Remote Similarity NPD8081 Approved
0.6442 Remote Similarity NPD8133 Approved
0.6438 Remote Similarity NPD369 Approved
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPD7141 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPD7140 Approved
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPD7139 Approved
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPD7909 Approved
0.6337 Remote Similarity NPD8307 Discontinued
0.6337 Remote Similarity NPD8140 Approved
0.6324 Remote Similarity NPD6125 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6269 Remote Similarity NPD9000 Phase 3
0.6269 Remote Similarity NPD8998 Phase 2
0.6269 Remote Similarity NPD8993 Phase 1
0.6269 Remote Similarity NPD8997 Approved
0.6269 Remote Similarity NPD8999 Phase 3
0.6216 Remote Similarity NPD8959 Approved
0.6214 Remote Similarity NPD8132 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6214 Remote Similarity NPD8305 Approved
0.6214 Remote Similarity NPD8306 Approved
0.6214 Remote Similarity NPD6941 Approved
0.6154 Remote Similarity NPD8087 Discontinued
0.6136 Remote Similarity NPD1780 Approved
0.6136 Remote Similarity NPD1779 Approved
0.6117 Remote Similarity NPD6686 Approved
0.6105 Remote Similarity NPD1447 Phase 3
0.6105 Remote Similarity NPD8171 Discontinued
0.6105 Remote Similarity NPD1446 Phase 3
0.6095 Remote Similarity NPD8413 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6087 Remote Similarity NPD8965 Approved
0.6087 Remote Similarity NPD8966 Approved
0.6082 Remote Similarity NPD6428 Approved
0.6026 Remote Similarity NPD847 Phase 1
0.5963 Remote Similarity NPD8295 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.596 Remote Similarity NPD2255 Approved
0.5946 Remote Similarity NPD8347 Approved
0.5946 Remote Similarity NPD8345 Approved
0.5946 Remote Similarity NPD8346 Approved
0.5895 Remote Similarity NPD6698 Approved
0.5895 Remote Similarity NPD46 Approved
0.5893 Remote Similarity NPD8515 Approved
0.5893 Remote Similarity NPD8513 Phase 3
0.5893 Remote Similarity NPD8516 Approved
0.5893 Remote Similarity NPD8517 Approved
0.589 Remote Similarity NPD9036 Phase 3
0.589 Remote Similarity NPD9035 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5882 Remote Similarity NPD1810 Approved
0.5882 Remote Similarity NPD1811 Approved
0.5882 Remote Similarity NPD2699 Approved
0.5867 Remote Similarity NPD73 Approved
0.5859 Remote Similarity NPD881 Approved
0.5851 Remote Similarity NPD618 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPD1399 Approved
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPD1400 Approved
0.5821 Remote Similarity NPD8788 Approved
0.5818 Remote Similarity NPD8137 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5811 Remote Similarity NPD3729 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.58 Remote Similarity NPD8029 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD3716 Discontinued
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPD8328 Phase 3
0.5784 Remote Similarity NPD8300 Approved
0.5784 Remote Similarity NPD8301 Approved
0.5728 Remote Similarity NPD8045 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD6412 Phase 2
0.567 Remote Similarity NPD7983 Approved
0.5632 Remote Similarity NPD376 Approved
0.5632 Remote Similarity NPD11 Approved
0.5618 Remote Similarity NPD4238 Approved
0.5618 Remote Similarity NPD4802 Phase 2
0.5614 Remote Similarity NPD8274 Clinical (unspecified phase)

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data