NPASS Compound

Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	264.08
Volume:	232.089
LogP:	-1.547
LogD:	-1.515
LogS:	-0.325
# Rotatable Bonds:	3
TPSA:	125.68
# H-Bond Aceptor:	8
# H-Bond Donor:	4
# Rings:	2
# Heavy Atoms:	8

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.4
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.065
Fsp3:	0.9
Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted
GSK Rule:	Accepted
BMS Rule:	0
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted
Chelating Alert:	0
PAINS Alert:	0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.933
MDCK Permeability:	0.00021571776596829295
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.001
Pgp-substrate:	0.732
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.809
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.017
30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.964

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.275
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	14.679926872253418%
Volume Distribution (VD):	0.358
Pgp-substrate:	75.90059661865234%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.009
CYP1A2-substrate:	0.051
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.017
CYP2C19-substrate:	0.104
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.001
CYP2C9-substrate:	0.055
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.007
CYP2D6-substrate:	0.108
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.011
CYP3A4-substrate:	0.037

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):	2.011
Half-life (T1/2):	0.901

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.167
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.063
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.037
AMES Toxicity:	0.782
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.038
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.005
Skin Sensitization:	0.257
Carcinogencity:	0.694
Eye Corrosion:	0.006
Eye Irritation:	0.294
Respiratory Toxicity:	0.025

Download Data

Data Type	Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties
Structure MOL file
Source Organisms
Biological Activities
Similar NPs/Drugs

Natural Product: NPC268243

Natural Product ID:	NPC268243
*Common Name:**	Goodyeroside
IUPAC Name:	(4S)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxolan-2-one
Synonyms:	Goodyeroside
Standard InCHIKey:	MQEPWBMWFIVRPS-MBOSOLAWSA-N
Standard InCHI:	InChI=1S/C10H16O8/c11-2-5-7(13)8(14)9(15)10(18-5)17-4-1-6(12)16-3-4/h4-5,7-11,13-15H,1-3H2/t4-,5+,7+,8-,9+,10+/m0/s1
SMILES:	OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2COC(=O)C2)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]1O)O)O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:	CHEMBL2071309
PubChem CID:	10445498
Chemical Classification:**	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0004603] Organic oxygen compounds [CHEMONTID:0000323] Organooxygen compounds [CHEMONTID:0000011] Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates [CHEMONTID:0002105] Glycosyl compounds [CHEMONTID:0002207] O-glycosyl compounds

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO33136	sarracenia purpurea	Species	Sarraceniaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[22738356]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	NP ID	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
EC50	1
IC50	2
Others	2

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell Line	3
Individual Protein	2

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT2219	Cell Line	C2C12	Mus musculus	EC50	=	25600.0	nM	PMID[512899]
NPT2219	Cell Line	C2C12	Mus musculus	Efficacy	=	124.0	%	PMID[512899]
NPT6482	Individual Protein	Glucose-6-phosphatase	Rattus norvegicus	IC50	=	391000.0	nM	PMID[512899]
NPT6482	Individual Protein	Glucose-6-phosphatase	Rattus norvegicus	Inhibition	=	19.6	%	PMID[512899]
NPT113	Cell Line	RAW264.7	Mus musculus	IC50	=	27870.0	nM	PMID[512900]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC268243 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	858
0.1-0.2	6879
0.2-0.3	15704
0.3-0.4	10899
0.4-0.5	6710
0.5-0.6	1386
0.6-0.7	187
0.7-0.8	63
0.8-0.85	9
0.85-0.9	1
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8983	High Similarity	NPC320032
0.875	High Similarity	NPC32148
0.8448	Intermediate Similarity	NPC323361
0.8448	Intermediate Similarity	NPC130683
0.8361	Intermediate Similarity	NPC322855
0.8154	Intermediate Similarity	NPC12040
0.8154	Intermediate Similarity	NPC76881
0.8125	Intermediate Similarity	NPC325773
0.8103	Intermediate Similarity	NPC326533
0.7971	Intermediate Similarity	NPC185419
0.7971	Intermediate Similarity	NPC184550
0.7931	Intermediate Similarity	NPC323574
0.791	Intermediate Similarity	NPC206601
0.7903	Intermediate Similarity	NPC219040
0.7857	Intermediate Similarity	NPC308096
0.7857	Intermediate Similarity	NPC291228
0.7846	Intermediate Similarity	NPC258690
0.7846	Intermediate Similarity	NPC317651
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC242073
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC89145
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC145112
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC269166
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC58629
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC107914
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC157514
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC165198
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC246558
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPC67660
0.7797	Intermediate Similarity	NPC233726
0.7797	Intermediate Similarity	NPC23134
0.7797	Intermediate Similarity	NPC124963
0.7794	Intermediate Similarity	NPC97736
0.7794	Intermediate Similarity	NPC250619
0.7794	Intermediate Similarity	NPC50228
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPC290179
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPC34877
0.7705	Intermediate Similarity	NPC303727
0.7681	Intermediate Similarity	NPC241265
0.7681	Intermediate Similarity	NPC211428
0.7681	Intermediate Similarity	NPC285003
0.7612	Intermediate Similarity	NPC471761
0.7612	Intermediate Similarity	NPC190418
0.7612	Intermediate Similarity	NPC471760
0.7538	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472026
0.7458	Intermediate Similarity	NPC157193
0.7458	Intermediate Similarity	NPC282143
0.7458	Intermediate Similarity	NPC299781
0.7458	Intermediate Similarity	NPC42503
0.7458	Intermediate Similarity	NPC82512
0.7361	Intermediate Similarity	NPC206823
0.7361	Intermediate Similarity	NPC39266
0.7361	Intermediate Similarity	NPC9763
0.7361	Intermediate Similarity	NPC169085
0.7361	Intermediate Similarity	NPC163812
0.7361	Intermediate Similarity	NPC225748
0.7344	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472025
0.7344	Intermediate Similarity	NPC220922
0.7344	Intermediate Similarity	NPC293692
0.7288	Intermediate Similarity	NPC14144
0.7286	Intermediate Similarity	NPC67099
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC176017
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC285364
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC289758
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC69445
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC165846
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC199857
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC92246
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC73906
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC21209
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC255377
0.7231	Intermediate Similarity	NPC317023
0.7188	Intermediate Similarity	NPC148424
0.7167	Intermediate Similarity	NPC46254
0.7119	Intermediate Similarity	NPC230789
0.7119	Intermediate Similarity	NPC321087
0.7119	Intermediate Similarity	NPC252918
0.7119	Intermediate Similarity	NPC277475
0.7083	Intermediate Similarity	NPC52268
0.7083	Intermediate Similarity	NPC53760
0.7067	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477350
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475270
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477347
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475667
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC297768
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC238056
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC269318
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475327
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC173328
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC476087
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC186992
0.7015	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477763
0.7015	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477750
0.7015	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477757
0.7015	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477753
0.7015	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477762
0.7015	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477755
0.6974	Remote Similarity	NPC476781
0.6974	Remote Similarity	NPC216883
0.6974	Remote Similarity	NPC110813
0.6974	Remote Similarity	NPC476782
0.6974	Remote Similarity	NPC476783
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPC320240
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPC29721
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPC70756
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC477323
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC146380
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC477329
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC113745
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC475425
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC109887
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC477328
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC477330
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC477320
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC281563
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC133377
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC477325
0.6883	Remote Similarity	NPC477326
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC477332
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC472352
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC60849
0.6866	Remote Similarity	NPC143326
0.6824	Remote Similarity	NPC9447
0.6795	Remote Similarity	NPC85759
0.6795	Remote Similarity	NPC158302
0.6795	Remote Similarity	NPC146992
0.6795	Remote Similarity	NPC294748
0.6795	Remote Similarity	NPC477344
0.6795	Remote Similarity	NPC477346
0.6795	Remote Similarity	NPC22742
0.679	Remote Similarity	NPC288471
0.6765	Remote Similarity	NPC155457
0.6724	Remote Similarity	NPC298699
0.6724	Remote Similarity	NPC320189
0.6724	Remote Similarity	NPC134252
0.6724	Remote Similarity	NPC213159
0.6724	Remote Similarity	NPC86191
0.6724	Remote Similarity	NPC317182
0.6724	Remote Similarity	NPC291502
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC317501
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC314821
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC317626
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC196612
0.6714	Remote Similarity	NPC6848
0.6709	Remote Similarity	NPC267592
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC137368
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC470009
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC472203
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC477318
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC21693
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC119583
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC477331
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC183888
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC477319
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC184915
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC477317
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC123204
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC236649
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC126685
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC472202
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC290012
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC89843
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC472204
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC259294
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC115013
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC472205
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC27289
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC143421
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC307400
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC224953
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC472200
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC472201
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC169345
0.6625	Remote Similarity	NPC44782
0.662	Remote Similarity	NPC147292
0.6582	Remote Similarity	NPC179933
0.6571	Remote Similarity	NPC277570
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPC277878
0.6548	Remote Similarity	NPC51662
0.6548	Remote Similarity	NPC314364
0.6528	Remote Similarity	NPC477752
0.6528	Remote Similarity	NPC477751
0.6528	Remote Similarity	NPC477764
0.6528	Remote Similarity	NPC477756
0.6506	Remote Similarity	NPC478111
0.6506	Remote Similarity	NPC470124
0.6479	Remote Similarity	NPC31496
0.6479	Remote Similarity	NPC13143
0.6479	Remote Similarity	NPC294813
0.6463	Remote Similarity	NPC474266
0.6463	Remote Similarity	NPC470313
0.6463	Remote Similarity	NPC156089
0.6463	Remote Similarity	NPC473500
0.6463	Remote Similarity	NPC38295
0.6438	Remote Similarity	NPC477759
0.6438	Remote Similarity	NPC477760
0.6438	Remote Similarity	NPC477754
0.6438	Remote Similarity	NPC469925
0.6438	Remote Similarity	NPC477758
0.6438	Remote Similarity	NPC477761
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC470657

Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC268243 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	1054
0.1-0.2	4880
0.2-0.3	2135
0.3-0.4	657
0.4-0.5	285
0.5-0.6	87
0.6-0.7	28
0.7-0.8	18
0.8-0.85	6
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.875	High Similarity	NPD896	Approved
0.875	High Similarity	NPD898	Approved
0.875	High Similarity	NPD897	Approved
0.8448	Intermediate Similarity	NPD889	Approved
0.8448	Intermediate Similarity	NPD894	Approved
0.8448	Intermediate Similarity	NPD895	Approved
0.8448	Intermediate Similarity	NPD887	Approved
0.8103	Intermediate Similarity	NPD905	Approved
0.8103	Intermediate Similarity	NPD904	Phase 3
0.7846	Intermediate Similarity	NPD8961	Approved
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPD891	Phase 3
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPD893	Approved
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPD892	Phase 3
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPD888	Phase 3
0.7833	Intermediate Similarity	NPD890	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7667	Intermediate Similarity	NPD2269	Approved
0.7606	Intermediate Similarity	NPD3181	Approved
0.7467	Intermediate Similarity	NPD7329	Approved
0.7344	Intermediate Similarity	NPD8959	Approved
0.7313	Intermediate Similarity	NPD847	Phase 1
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9000	Phase 3
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPD8993	Phase 1
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPD8997	Approved
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPD8999	Phase 3
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPD8998	Phase 2
0.7188	Intermediate Similarity	NPD2267	Suspended
0.7015	Intermediate Similarity	NPD6123	Approved
0.7	Intermediate Similarity	NPD8966	Approved
0.7	Intermediate Similarity	NPD8965	Approved
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPD9006	Approved
0.6724	Remote Similarity	NPD8788	Approved
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPD9035	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPD9036	Phase 3
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPD369	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD64	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD8960	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD9008	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD9007	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD9009	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD72	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD9011	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD65	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD9010	Approved
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD66	Approved
0.6479	Remote Similarity	NPD1457	Discontinued
0.6418	Remote Similarity	NPD73	Approved
0.6406	Remote Similarity	NPD1399	Approved
0.6406	Remote Similarity	NPD1400	Approved
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPD7346	Approved
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPD1447	Phase 3
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPD1446	Phase 3
0.6308	Remote Similarity	NPD9049	Discontinued
0.6308	Remote Similarity	NPD9050	Approved
0.6282	Remote Similarity	NPD11	Approved
0.6282	Remote Similarity	NPD376	Approved
0.6269	Remote Similarity	NPD884	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6269	Remote Similarity	NPD885	Approved
0.619	Remote Similarity	NPD9005	Phase 3
0.619	Remote Similarity	NPD9003	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.619	Remote Similarity	NPD9004	Approved
0.6167	Remote Similarity	NPD8957	Approved
0.6119	Remote Similarity	NPD3728	Approved
0.6119	Remote Similarity	NPD3730	Approved
0.6087	Remote Similarity	NPD881	Approved
0.6022	Remote Similarity	NPD2255	Approved
0.5974	Remote Similarity	NPD7532	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5909	Remote Similarity	NPD9002	Approved
0.5909	Remote Similarity	NPD9001	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPD3669	Approved
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPD3670	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5873	Remote Similarity	NPD8994	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD8083	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD8139	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD9120	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD8085	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD7140	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD8084	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD7141	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD8138	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD8086	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD8082	Approved
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPD7139	Approved
0.5773	Remote Similarity	NPD8275	Approved
0.5773	Remote Similarity	NPD8276	Approved
0.5765	Remote Similarity	NPD882	Phase 2
0.5765	Remote Similarity	NPD883	Phase 2
0.5738	Remote Similarity	NPD8604	Approved
0.5738	Remote Similarity	NPD8602	Approved
0.5738	Remote Similarity	NPD8603	Approved
0.5738	Remote Similarity	NPD8600	Approved
0.5738	Remote Similarity	NPD8601	Approved
0.5738	Remote Similarity	NPD8605	Approved
0.5738	Remote Similarity	NPD8599	Approved
0.5738	Remote Similarity	NPD8598	Approved
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD4057	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD9219	Approved
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD9218	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD8081	Approved
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD4056	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5692	Remote Similarity	NPD9139	Approved
0.5667	Remote Similarity	NPD3716	Discontinued
0.5657	Remote Similarity	NPD8393	Approved
0.5645	Remote Similarity	NPD8958	Phase 2
0.5638	Remote Similarity	NPD6428	Approved
0.5606	Remote Similarity	NPD8964	Approved

Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data