Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  492.33
Volume:  508.875
LogP:  4.061
LogD:  3.081
LogS:  -3.917
# Rotatable Bonds:  21
TPSA:  145.91
# H-Bond Aceptor:  9
# H-Bond Donor:  5
# Rings:  1
# Heavy Atoms:  9

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.127
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  3.821
Fsp3:  0.96
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Rejected
BMS Rule:  1
Golden Triangle Rule:  Accepted
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -5.307
MDCK Permeability:  1.8777087461785413e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.84
Pgp-substrate:  0.986
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.095
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.999
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.988

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.047
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  96.5042495727539%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.824
Pgp-substrate:  3.2120201587677%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.024
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.091
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.052
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.056
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.167
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.229
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.006
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.028
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.063
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.019

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  4.374
Half-life (T1/2):  0.848

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.413
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.037
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.017
AMES Toxicity:  0.411
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.013
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.005
Skin Sensitization:  0.95
Carcinogencity:  0.082
Eye Corrosion:  0.003
Eye Irritation:  0.056
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.099

Download Data

Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC206601

Natural Product ID:  NPC206601
Common Name*:   (2S)-1-O-Palmitoyl-3-O-Beta-D-Galactopyranosylglycerol
IUPAC Name:   [(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl] hexadecanoate
Synonyms:  
Standard InCHIKey:  DWKQIHQQZYILDB-DISYYVGZSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C25H48O9/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-21(28)32-17-19(27)18-33-25-24(31)23(30)22(29)20(16-26)34-25/h19-20,22-27,29-31H,2-18H2,1H3/t19-,20-,22+,23+,24-,25-/m1/s1
SMILES:  CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](CO[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O)O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL465806
PubChem CID:   10413348
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000175] Glycerolipids
        • [CHEMONTID:0000637] Glycosylglycerols
          • [CHEMONTID:0003819] Glycosylmonoradylglycerols
            • [CHEMONTID:0001773] Glycosylmonoacylglycerols

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO32972 oscillatoria rosea Species Oscillatoriaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[8882435]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT168 Cell Line P388 Mus musculus Activity > 50.0 ug ml-1 PMID[488397]
NPT20967 CELL-LINE Platelet n.a. IC50 = 60000.0 nM PMID[488397]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC206601 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.9688 High Similarity NPC241265
0.9688 High Similarity NPC285003
0.9531 High Similarity NPC50228
0.9531 High Similarity NPC97736
0.9394 High Similarity NPC185419
0.9394 High Similarity NPC184550
0.9385 High Similarity NPC211428
0.9355 High Similarity NPC325773
0.9254 High Similarity NPC206823
0.9254 High Similarity NPC291228
0.9254 High Similarity NPC163812
0.9254 High Similarity NPC308096
0.9062 High Similarity NPC12040
0.9062 High Similarity NPC76881
0.8971 High Similarity NPC169085
0.8971 High Similarity NPC225748
0.8971 High Similarity NPC39266
0.8971 High Similarity NPC9763
0.8857 High Similarity NPC477350
0.8769 High Similarity NPC471760
0.8769 High Similarity NPC190418
0.8769 High Similarity NPC471761
0.8732 High Similarity NPC216883
0.8732 High Similarity NPC476782
0.8732 High Similarity NPC476783
0.8732 High Similarity NPC476781
0.8657 High Similarity NPC250619
0.8611 High Similarity NPC477326
0.8611 High Similarity NPC477320
0.8611 High Similarity NPC113745
0.8611 High Similarity NPC281563
0.8611 High Similarity NPC477323
0.8611 High Similarity NPC477325
0.8611 High Similarity NPC477330
0.8611 High Similarity NPC109887
0.8611 High Similarity NPC477329
0.8611 High Similarity NPC475425
0.8611 High Similarity NPC146380
0.8611 High Similarity NPC477328
0.8493 Intermediate Similarity NPC477346
0.8493 Intermediate Similarity NPC22742
0.8493 Intermediate Similarity NPC85759
0.8493 Intermediate Similarity NPC146992
0.8493 Intermediate Similarity NPC158302
0.8493 Intermediate Similarity NPC477344
0.8493 Intermediate Similarity NPC294748
0.8387 Intermediate Similarity NPC148424
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC67099
0.8378 Intermediate Similarity NPC267592
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC119583
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC307400
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC27289
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC472201
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC21693
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC475270
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC477319
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC126685
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC475327
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC259294
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC477317
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC475667
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC472204
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC477347
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC123204
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC89843
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC169345
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC472202
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC236649
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC183888
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC290012
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC173328
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC472200
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC477318
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC44782
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC238056
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC186992
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC297768
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC476087
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC269318
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC115013
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC477331
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC472203
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC184915
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC143421
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC472205
0.8267 Intermediate Similarity NPC224953
0.8154 Intermediate Similarity NPC477757
0.8154 Intermediate Similarity NPC477755
0.8154 Intermediate Similarity NPC477762
0.8154 Intermediate Similarity NPC477763
0.8154 Intermediate Similarity NPC477750
0.8154 Intermediate Similarity NPC477753
0.8143 Intermediate Similarity NPC52268
0.8143 Intermediate Similarity NPC53760
0.8125 Intermediate Similarity NPC322855
0.8125 Intermediate Similarity NPC320032
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPC320588
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPC469937
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPC23155
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPC53463
0.8052 Intermediate Similarity NPC472352
0.8052 Intermediate Similarity NPC473500
0.8052 Intermediate Similarity NPC38295
0.8052 Intermediate Similarity NPC477332
0.8052 Intermediate Similarity NPC470313
0.8052 Intermediate Similarity NPC60849
0.8052 Intermediate Similarity NPC156089
0.7971 Intermediate Similarity NPC32148
0.7969 Intermediate Similarity NPC472025
0.7949 Intermediate Similarity NPC288471
0.791 Intermediate Similarity NPC268243
0.7848 Intermediate Similarity NPC83839
0.7733 Intermediate Similarity NPC110813
0.7639 Intermediate Similarity NPC321873
0.7632 Intermediate Similarity NPC133377
0.7612 Intermediate Similarity NPC472026
0.7581 Intermediate Similarity NPC233726
0.7581 Intermediate Similarity NPC23134
0.7581 Intermediate Similarity NPC326533
0.7581 Intermediate Similarity NPC124963
0.7571 Intermediate Similarity NPC477751
0.7571 Intermediate Similarity NPC477764
0.7571 Intermediate Similarity NPC477752
0.7571 Intermediate Similarity NPC477756
0.7561 Intermediate Similarity NPC470009
0.7531 Intermediate Similarity NPC470657
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC303727
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC192025
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC125253
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC253975
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPC477758
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPC477760
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPC477759
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPC477754
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPC477761
0.7463 Intermediate Similarity NPC470363
0.7439 Intermediate Similarity NPC31349
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC145112
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC58629
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC130683
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC107914
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC165198
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC157514
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC246558
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC89145
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC67660
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC242073
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC269166
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPC323361
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC290179
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC34877
0.7313 Intermediate Similarity NPC317023
0.7294 Intermediate Similarity NPC477349
0.7273 Intermediate Similarity NPC474003
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC42503
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC26253
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC299781
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC282143
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC157193
0.7229 Intermediate Similarity NPC314364
0.7229 Intermediate Similarity NPC51662
0.7209 Intermediate Similarity NPC320089
0.7164 Intermediate Similarity NPC219040
0.716 Intermediate Similarity NPC474266
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC258690
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC317651
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC55678
0.7126 Intermediate Similarity NPC477345
0.7126 Intermediate Similarity NPC477348
0.7126 Intermediate Similarity NPC44682
0.7126 Intermediate Similarity NPC163409
0.7126 Intermediate Similarity NPC238264
0.7097 Intermediate Similarity NPC106872
0.7097 Intermediate Similarity NPC14144
0.7093 Intermediate Similarity NPC472197
0.7073 Intermediate Similarity NPC473791
0.7051 Intermediate Similarity NPC70996
0.7045 Intermediate Similarity NPC215570
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC248415
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC475849
0.6986 Remote Similarity NPC469925
0.6986 Remote Similarity NPC286842
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC289979
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC475375
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC475241
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC143446
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC475164
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC473605
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC476066
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC473765
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC475593
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC475540
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPC475525
0.6935 Remote Similarity NPC321087
0.6935 Remote Similarity NPC324004
0.6935 Remote Similarity NPC328497
0.6935 Remote Similarity NPC277475
0.6914 Remote Similarity NPC216941
0.6914 Remote Similarity NPC469469
0.6901 Remote Similarity NPC235788

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC206601 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPD3730 Approved
0.8065 Intermediate Similarity NPD3728 Approved
0.7971 Intermediate Similarity NPD898 Approved
0.7971 Intermediate Similarity NPD897 Approved
0.7971 Intermediate Similarity NPD896 Approved
0.7742 Intermediate Similarity NPD2269 Approved
0.7581 Intermediate Similarity NPD905 Approved
0.7581 Intermediate Similarity NPD904 Phase 3
0.7532 Intermediate Similarity NPD7329 Approved
0.7432 Intermediate Similarity NPD3181 Approved
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD895 Approved
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD890 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD893 Approved
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD894 Approved
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD889 Approved
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD892 Phase 3
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD887 Approved
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD888 Phase 3
0.7344 Intermediate Similarity NPD891 Phase 3
0.7273 Intermediate Similarity NPD2267 Suspended
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPD8961 Approved
0.7101 Intermediate Similarity NPD6123 Approved
0.7097 Intermediate Similarity NPD6125 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6933 Remote Similarity NPD7532 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPD9000 Phase 3
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPD8998 Phase 2
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPD8993 Phase 1
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPD8997 Approved
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPD8999 Phase 3
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPD7346 Approved
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPD8959 Approved
0.6613 Remote Similarity NPD2699 Approved
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPD8139 Approved
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPD8084 Approved
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPD8085 Approved
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPD8086 Approved
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPD8138 Approved
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPD8082 Approved
0.6596 Remote Similarity NPD8083 Approved
0.6575 Remote Similarity NPD7909 Approved
0.6562 Remote Similarity NPD8966 Approved
0.6562 Remote Similarity NPD8965 Approved
0.6526 Remote Similarity NPD8276 Approved
0.6526 Remote Similarity NPD8275 Approved
0.6522 Remote Similarity NPD73 Approved
0.6471 Remote Similarity NPD3729 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6458 Remote Similarity NPD8081 Approved
0.6438 Remote Similarity NPD847 Phase 1
0.6404 Remote Similarity NPD46 Approved
0.6404 Remote Similarity NPD6698 Approved
0.6392 Remote Similarity NPD8393 Approved
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPD618 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6353 Remote Similarity NPD3670 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6353 Remote Similarity NPD3669 Approved
0.6327 Remote Similarity NPD8307 Discontinued
0.6327 Remote Similarity NPD8140 Approved
0.6324 Remote Similarity NPD9036 Phase 3
0.6324 Remote Similarity NPD9035 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.629 Remote Similarity NPD8788 Approved
0.6269 Remote Similarity NPD1399 Approved
0.6269 Remote Similarity NPD1400 Approved
0.6263 Remote Similarity NPD6686 Approved
0.62 Remote Similarity NPD6941 Approved
0.62 Remote Similarity NPD8132 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.62 Remote Similarity NPD8306 Approved
0.62 Remote Similarity NPD8305 Approved
0.6197 Remote Similarity NPD369 Approved
0.6145 Remote Similarity NPD4238 Approved
0.6145 Remote Similarity NPD4802 Phase 2
0.6139 Remote Similarity NPD8087 Discontinued
0.6129 Remote Similarity NPD2270 Approved
0.6122 Remote Similarity NPD8170 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6118 Remote Similarity NPD1780 Approved
0.6118 Remote Similarity NPD1779 Approved
0.6111 Remote Similarity NPD3716 Discontinued
0.6087 Remote Similarity NPD1447 Phase 3
0.6087 Remote Similarity NPD1446 Phase 3
0.6064 Remote Similarity NPD6428 Approved
0.5978 Remote Similarity NPD7983 Approved
0.5976 Remote Similarity NPD11 Approved
0.5976 Remote Similarity NPD376 Approved
0.5968 Remote Similarity NPD7536 Approved
0.5962 Remote Similarity NPD8133 Approved
0.596 Remote Similarity NPD4056 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.596 Remote Similarity NPD4057 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5949 Remote Similarity NPD8277 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD66 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD9008 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD9011 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD9007 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD9009 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD72 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD65 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD8960 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD9010 Approved
0.5942 Remote Similarity NPD64 Approved
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPD2255 Approved
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPD9006 Approved
0.5921 Remote Similarity NPD3197 Phase 1
0.5921 Remote Similarity NPD1457 Discontinued
0.5918 Remote Similarity NPD7141 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5918 Remote Similarity NPD7140 Approved
0.5918 Remote Similarity NPD7139 Approved
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD883 Phase 2
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD882 Phase 2
0.5846 Remote Similarity NPD3199 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5842 Remote Similarity NPD6412 Phase 2
0.5823 Remote Similarity NPD8278 Approved
0.5811 Remote Similarity NPD3198 Approved
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPD9448 Phase 2
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPD633 Phase 3
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPD9655 Approved
0.5794 Remote Similarity NPD8295 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5794 Remote Similarity NPD8137 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5783 Remote Similarity NPD2257 Approved
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD8413 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPD8300 Approved
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPD8301 Approved
0.5741 Remote Similarity NPD7641 Discontinued
0.5701 Remote Similarity NPD6940 Discontinued
0.5699 Remote Similarity NPD8522 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5694 Remote Similarity NPD885 Approved
0.5694 Remote Similarity NPD884 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.567 Remote Similarity NPD881 Approved
0.5663 Remote Similarity NPD1811 Approved
0.5663 Remote Similarity NPD1810 Approved
0.5645 Remote Similarity NPD3206 Approved
0.5636 Remote Similarity NPD8347 Approved
0.5636 Remote Similarity NPD8346 Approved
0.5636 Remote Similarity NPD8345 Approved
0.5612 Remote Similarity NPD8029 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.561 Remote Similarity NPD6704 Discontinued
0.5606 Remote Similarity NPD9218 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5606 Remote Similarity NPD9219 Approved

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data