NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC206601

Natural Product ID	NPC206601
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	(2S)-1-O-Palmitoyl-3-O-Beta-D-Galactopyranosylglycerol
IUPAC Name	[(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl] hexadecanoate
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL465806
PubChem CID	10413348
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000175] Glycerolipids [CHEMONTID:0000637] Glycosylglycerols [CHEMONTID:0003819] Glycosylmonoradylglycerols [CHEMONTID:0001773] Glycosylmonoacylglycerols

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 82 82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 7.8035 -3.7049 1.4237 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7792 -2.2086 1.5423 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9974 -1.5019 0.2395 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9344 -1.8621 -0.7779 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5537 -1.4980 -0.3071 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4168 -0.0116 -0.0376 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9738 0.2101 0.4317 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7543 1.6950 0.7264 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3305 1.8574 1.1815 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9213 3.2379 1.5179 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0848 4.2568 0.4791 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4047 4.1630 -0.8289 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7591 3.0729 -1.7571 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9358 3.1726 -3.0428 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5286 3.0798 -2.7734 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9324 1.7987 -2.1351 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1194 0.8781 -1.8883 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2654 1.6616 -1.8188 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8425 0.5150 -1.2012 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3007 0.2369 0.1439 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5874 -1.0696 0.7763 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8398 -1.3665 1.1678 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8406 -1.5035 0.2642 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5386 -2.8446 0.3278 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.7363 -2.8369 1.2128 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7515 -1.8591 0.6842 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0280 -0.7825 -0.0742 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.9314 0.4308 -0.1275 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1553 0.0151 -0.6528 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7872 -0.4932 0.4302 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.5380 -1.3466 1.7127 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4103 -2.6067 2.5437 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8960 -3.2074 -0.9652 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6104 1.3399 0.9686 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.7881 -4.1219 1.6106 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2161 -3.9814 0.4530 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.4554 -4.1157 2.2241 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.5929 -1.8505 2.2379 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.7862 -1.8827 1.9309 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.9682 -1.8214 -0.1672 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0542 -0.4202 0.4355 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1422 -1.4179 -1.7586 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9622 -2.9659 -0.8812 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.2887 -2.1055 0.5689 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8514 -1.8100 -1.1190 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5430 0.5241 -0.9982 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1283 0.3434 0.7122 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7801 -0.3506 1.3681 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2713 -0.1356 -0.3385 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3974 2.0021 1.5859 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0235 2.3384 -0.1096 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2553 1.2937 2.2166 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5717 1.3244 0.6120 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4608 3.5680 2.4635 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8249 3.1719 1.8135 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8631 5.2818 0.9651 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2070 4.4058 0.2368 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5029 5.1805 -1.3090 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2918 4.0774 -0.6228 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8185 3.3047 -2.1225 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8190 2.0561 -1.3957 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2256 2.3561 -3.7131 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1504 4.1397 -3.4927 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0319 3.0781 -3.7843 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9590 3.9201 -2.2259 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6773 -0.3115 -1.9161 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9404 0.8070 -1.1232 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1625 0.3318 0.0471 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1095 -1.8752 0.1494 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9431 -1.1019 1.7183 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4492 -1.3905 -0.7607 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8411 -3.6216 0.6970 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2197 -3.8402 1.1796 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4423 -2.3637 -0.0217 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.9164 -1.1227 -1.1237 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5402 1.2090 -0.8112 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.1293 0.8353 0.8848 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2193 0.1974 -1.6224 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.9367 -0.8115 2.2819 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8883 -3.3851 2.8467 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8226 -3.5793 -0.9964 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0212 0.9627 1.7874 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 2 0 16 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 27 30 1 0 26 31 1 0 25 32 1 0 24 33 1 0 20 34 1 0 30 23 1 0 1 35 1 0 1 36 1 0 1 37 1 0 2 38 1 0 2 39 1 0 3 40 1 0 3 41 1 0 4 42 1 0 4 43 1 0 5 44 1 0 5 45 1 0 6 46 1 0 6 47 1 0 7 48 1 0 7 49 1 0 8 50 1 0 8 51 1 0 9 52 1 0 9 53 1 0 10 54 1 0 10 55 1 0 11 56 1 0 11 57 1 0 12 58 1 0 12 59 1 0 13 60 1 0 13 61 1 0 14 62 1 0 14 63 1 0 15 64 1 0 15 65 1 0 19 66 1 0 19 67 1 0 20 68 1 6 21 69 1 0 21 70 1 0 23 71 1 6 24 72 1 1 25 73 1 1 26 74 1 6 27 75 1 6 28 76 1 0 28 77 1 0 29 78 1 0 31 79 1 0 32 80 1 0 33 81 1 0 34 82 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	DWKQIHQQZYILDB-DISYYVGZSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C25H48O9/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-21(28)32-17-19(27)18-33-25-24(31)23(30)22(29)20(16-26)34-25/h19-20,22-27,29-31H,2-18H2,1H3/t19-,20-,22+,23+,24-,25-/m1/s1
SMILES	CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](CO[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	492.33	Volume:	508.875 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.967	LogP:	3.81 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	2.993 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-3.503 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	21.0	Rigid Bonds:	7.0
TPSA:	145.91 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	9.0
H-Bond Donor:	5.0	Rings:	1.0
Heavy Atoms:	9.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.127	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	3.821	Fsp³:	0.96
MCE-18:	22.041 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	1
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.661	Fluc inhibitor:	0.003 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.008 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.001 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.318	Promiscuous compounds:	0.053

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.402	MDCK Permeability:	-4.871
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.689
PAMPA:	0.678 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.967
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.986	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.998
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.998

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.001	MRP1:	0.879
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	96.974%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.197
Fu:	3.473% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.4
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	0.132
BSEP inhibitor:	0.011

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.002
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.005	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.005
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.157	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.626
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.001	CYP3A4-substrate:	1.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	1.0
HLM stability:	0.161 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

2.621

Half-life (T1/2):

1.326

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.14	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.345
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.49	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.493
AMES Toxicity:	0.62	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.017
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.036	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	0.264	Eye Corrosion:	0.002
Eye Irritation:	0.549	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.243
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.012	Ototoxicity:	0.858
Hematotoxicity:	0.343	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.678
Genotoxicity:	0.0	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.061
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.952	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.157
BCF:	1.405 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.809 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	6.008 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.059 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO32972	oscillatoria rosea	Species	Oscillatoriaceae	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8882435]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	1
Activity	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	2

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT168	Cell line	P388	Mus musculus	Activity	>	50.0	ug ml-1	PMID[19361174]
NPT20967	Cell line	Platelet	n.a.	IC50	=	60000.0	nM	PMID[8882435]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC206601 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	18410
0.1-0.2	25478
0.2-0.3	5023
0.3-0.4	733
0.4-0.5	183
0.5-0.6	23
0.6-0.7	7
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.6923	Remote Similarity	NPC488690
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC469469
0.6415	Remote Similarity	NPC285003
0.6226	Remote Similarity	NPC12040
0.6207	Remote Similarity	NPC488689
0.6042	Remote Similarity	NPC606861
0.6042	Remote Similarity	NPC607126
0.5926	Remote Similarity	NPC241265
0.5902	Remote Similarity	NPC21693
0.5862	Remote Similarity	NPC163812
0.5741	Remote Similarity	NPC76881
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC156089
0.569	Remote Similarity	NPC250619
0.5682	Remote Similarity	NPC326533
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPC268243
0.5532	Remote Similarity	NPC233726
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC488257
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC124963
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC469937
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC94699
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC320588
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC53463
0.5397	Remote Similarity	NPC236649
0.5306	Remote Similarity	NPC155457
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC470313
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC473500
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC611497
0.5231	Remote Similarity	NPC110813
0.5208	Remote Similarity	NPC277597
0.5167	Remote Similarity	NPC83839

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC206601 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6332
0.1-0.2	2606
0.2-0.3	182
0.3-0.4	25
0.4-0.5	4
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data