NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC149843

Natural Product ID	NPC149843
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Galactose-Uridine-5'-Diphosphate
IUPAC Name	[[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] hydrogen phosphate
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL439009
PubChem CID	18068
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000289] Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues [CHEMONTID:0001509] Pyrimidine nucleotides [CHEMONTID:0001296] Pyrimidine nucleotide sugars

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 60 62 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 7.3341 2.6765 1.0638 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2773 2.1322 0.3344 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1350 0.8003 0.2009 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0494 0.3140 -0.5464 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.9059 -1.1508 -0.7233 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5289 -1.1764 -1.4216 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8449 -0.0560 -0.6584 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9752 -0.7300 0.3991 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9680 -1.4825 -0.2085 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0171 -2.2441 0.9024 P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6824 -3.3171 1.6889 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6530 -1.1386 2.0228 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2822 -2.9928 0.0403 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0274 -1.8783 -0.9992 P 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8358 -2.2784 -2.4310 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3497 -0.3532 -0.7099 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6771 -1.8730 -0.6509 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0803 -0.6015 -0.3170 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6096 -0.5224 1.0966 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2615 0.8189 1.2906 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4628 0.8749 0.3675 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2913 -0.0950 -0.7874 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1670 0.4123 -1.9146 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4824 0.4864 -1.5111 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9962 -0.1439 -1.2578 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6102 2.1446 -0.1501 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3466 1.8088 0.8927 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4623 -1.5546 1.4094 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8073 0.6623 -0.0048 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7569 -0.8206 -2.7414 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8070 -1.7204 -1.6172 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0308 0.0215 0.7842 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9410 -1.2056 0.6891 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0801 0.5178 1.5071 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2555 1.8427 1.6629 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.3330 2.3105 2.4040 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.4698 3.7382 1.1853 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5703 2.8334 -0.1235 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0228 0.7580 -1.5889 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7402 -1.7383 0.1913 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0365 -2.1422 -1.2907 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2319 0.5754 -1.3159 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5243 0.0020 1.0941 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5675 -1.4395 1.0081 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4700 -0.1944 1.7367 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4236 0.2454 -1.5057 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2066 0.0761 -0.3682 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7200 -0.6046 1.7723 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5495 0.9952 2.3338 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.3470 0.5614 0.9361 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6934 -1.1127 -0.5278 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8030 1.4418 -2.1979 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0431 -0.2060 -2.8390 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.7180 1.4284 -1.3167 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1399 2.7209 0.4492 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7698 2.5177 0.3559 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.9212 -1.3350 2.2554 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1014 -0.1472 -3.0734 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6999 -2.6915 -1.5764 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.7403 3.2285 2.2473 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 2 0 10 12 1 0 10 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 2 0 14 16 1 0 14 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 22 25 1 0 21 26 1 0 20 27 1 0 19 28 1 0 7 29 1 0 6 30 1 0 5 31 1 0 3 32 1 0 32 33 2 0 32 34 1 0 34 35 2 0 35 36 1 0 35 1 1 0 29 4 1 0 25 18 1 0 1 37 1 0 2 38 1 0 4 39 1 6 5 40 1 1 6 41 1 6 7 42 1 6 8 43 1 0 8 44 1 0 12 45 1 0 16 46 1 0 18 47 1 1 19 48 1 1 20 49 1 1 21 50 1 1 22 51 1 1 23 52 1 0 23 53 1 0 24 54 1 0 26 55 1 0 27 56 1 0 28 57 1 0 30 58 1 0 31 59 1 0 36 60 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	HSCJRCZFDFQWRP-ABVWGUQPSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C15H24N2O17P2/c18-3-5-8(20)10(22)12(24)14(32-5)33-36(28,29)34-35(26,27)30-4-6-9(21)11(23)13(31-6)17-2-1-7(19)16-15(17)25/h1-2,5-6,8-14,18,20-24H,3-4H2,(H,26,27)(H,28,29)(H,16,19,25)/t5-,6-,8+,9-,10+,11-,12-,13-,14-/m1/s1
SMILES	c1cn([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)O[C@@H]3[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO)O3)O)O)O)O2)O)O)c(=O)nc1O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	566.06	Volume:	445.499 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.271	LogP:	-3.848 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	-2.156 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	0.037 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	9.0	Rigid Bonds:	20.0
TPSA:	297.25 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	19.0
H-Bond Donor:	9.0	Rings:	3.0
Heavy Atoms:	21.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.127	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.006	Fsp³:	0.733
MCE-18:	99.692 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	1
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.191	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.006 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.014 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.376	Promiscuous compounds:	0.023

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-6.264	MDCK Permeability:	-5.174
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.0
PAMPA:	1.0 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.256
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.0	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.97
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.01

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.0	MRP1:	0.783
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	35.993%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.563
Fu:	58.574% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	0.0
BSEP inhibitor:	0.946

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.334	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.251
HLM stability:	0.005 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

1.235

Half-life (T1/2):

2.612

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.002	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.015
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.037	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.996
AMES Toxicity:	0.243	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.017
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.933	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	0.288	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.364	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.927
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.009	Ototoxicity:	0.337
Hematotoxicity:	0.057	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.986
Genotoxicity:	1.0	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.108
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.005	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.106
BCF:	-0.021 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	2.262 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	3.805 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	3.544 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1172/JCI16309]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1371/journal.pone.0115359]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[10557354]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[11034610]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[11419736]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[11530998]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[1175644]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12391014]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12812989]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12840027]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12878451]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[15084647]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[1521032]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[15230696]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[15314235]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16112079]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16770722]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[1687010]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17116739]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17190852]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17875433]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18311922]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18544912]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18799520]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19425150]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19961175]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20506249]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20601097]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	bile	n.a.	PMID[20708442]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	faeces	n.a.	PMID[20708442]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	urine	n.a.	PMID[20708442]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20876113]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21798258]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[2268561]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[22711758]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23315938]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23717534]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23752203]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23810710]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23811455]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23868375]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23919613]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24101735]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24399466]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24494566]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24558969]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24816727]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[25114169]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[25181601]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[25293588]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[25644343]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[26236990]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[27471436]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[3179836]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[347637]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[4696527]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[5432584]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6121420]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6780563]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8600370]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8987136]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[9192820]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[9800648]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[MetaboLights]
NPO20338	Mus musculus	Species	Muridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
EC50	2
Kcat	2
IC50	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Individual protein	3
Single protein	1
Others	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT2881	Individual protein	Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1	Bos taurus	Kcat	=	0.65	/s	PMID[22356319]
NPT4712	Individual protein	Purinergic receptor P2Y14	Homo sapiens	EC50	=	670.0	nM	PMID[19502066]
NPT27269	Single protein	N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase	Bos taurus	Kcat	=	0.98	/s	PMID[22356319]

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT2	Others	Unspecified	n.a.	IC50	=	17000.0	nM	PMID[22356319]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC149843 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	27660
0.1-0.2	19512
0.2-0.3	2628
0.3-0.4	41
0.4-0.5	7
0.5-0.6	4
0.6-0.7	2
0.7-0.8	2
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC155087
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC329277
0.7468	Intermediate Similarity	NPC284651
0.7183	Intermediate Similarity	NPC73765
0.6761	Remote Similarity	NPC283698
0.6197	Remote Similarity	NPC17892
0.5362	Remote Similarity	NPC43246
0.5362	Remote Similarity	NPC89051
0.5309	Remote Similarity	NPC322594
0.5244	Remote Similarity	NPC317639

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC149843 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	5610
0.1-0.2	3348
0.2-0.3	159
0.3-0.4	24
0.4-0.5	4
0.5-0.6	3
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	2
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPD3129	Phase 3
0.7183	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9639	Phase 3
0.5667	Remote Similarity	NPD3139	Phase 3
0.5362	Remote Similarity	NPD9580	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5362	Remote Similarity	NPD9581	Phase 3

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data