Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  165.08
Volume:  173.695
LogP:  -1.507
LogD:  0.406
LogS:  -1.627
# Rotatable Bonds:  3
TPSA:  63.32
# H-Bond Aceptor:  3
# H-Bond Donor:  3
# Rings:  1
# Heavy Atoms:  3

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.69
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  1.882
Fsp3:  0.222
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Accepted
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Rejected
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -5.579
MDCK Permeability:  0.001067422330379486
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.0
Pgp-substrate:  0.159
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.016
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.001
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.0

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.524
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  31.094249725341797%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.42
Pgp-substrate:  69.74173736572266%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.062
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.049
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.043
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.09
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.005
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.169
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.154
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.322
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.013
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.099

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  13.104
Half-life (T1/2):  0.763

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.093
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.193
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.017
AMES Toxicity:  0.015
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.693
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.014
Skin Sensitization:  0.257
Carcinogencity:  0.05
Eye Corrosion:  0.014
Eye Irritation:  0.127
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.331

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General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC10781

Natural Product ID:  NPC10781
Common Name*:   L-Phenylalanine
IUPAC Name:   (2S)-2-azaniumyl-3-phenylpropanoate
Synonyms:   L-Phenylalanine; Phenylalanine
Standard InCHIKey:  COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C9H11NO2/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6,10H2,(H,11,12)/t8-/m0/s1
SMILES:  c1ccc(cc1)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL301523
PubChem CID:   6925665
6140
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000264] Organic acids and derivatives
      • [CHEMONTID:0000265] Carboxylic acids and derivatives
        • [CHEMONTID:0000013] Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
          • [CHEMONTID:0000347] Amino acids and derivatives
            • [CHEMONTID:0000060] Alpha amino acids and derivatives
              • [CHEMONTID:0004321] Phenylalanine and derivatives

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference
NPO11043 NPC10781 n.a. n.a. 289 n.a. n.a. mg/100g of FW PMID[18460139]
NPO163 NPC10781 n.a. n.a. 31 n.a. n.a. mg/100g of FW PMID[18460139]
NPO26643 NPC10781 n.a. n.a. 78 n.a. n.a. mg/100g of FW PMID[18460139]
NPO7530 NPC10781 n.a. n.a. 19 n.a. n.a. mg/100g of FW PMID[18460139]
NPO7576.2 NPC10781 n.a. n.a. 172 n.a. n.a. mg/100g of FW PMID[18460139]
NPO7576.2 NPC10781 n.a. n.a. 49 n.a. n.a. mg/100g of FW PMID[18460139]
NPO21556 NPC10781 n.a. Sclerotia 0.076 ± 0.021 n.a. n.a. % PMID[20527951]
NPO13281 NPC10781 n.a. Seeds 1.6 n.a. n.a. % DOI[10.5219/332]
NPO13281 NPC10781 n.a. Seeds 1.02 n.a. n.a. % PMID[31159190]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Activity = 210.0 % PMID[525345]
NPT1062 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase IV Homo sapiens KA = 4.6 uM PMID[525347]
NPT1142 Individual Protein Voltage-gated calcium channel alpha2/delta subunit 1 Mus musculus Ki = 980.0 nM PMID[525348]
NPT1142 Individual Protein Voltage-gated calcium channel alpha2/delta subunit 1 Mus musculus Ki = 977.24 nM PMID[525348]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525349]
NPT1061 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase XIII Mus musculus KA = 1.02 uM PMID[525349]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525350]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Kcat = 5.7 10^6/s PMID[525350]
NPT1143 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase VA Homo sapiens KA = 9.81 uM PMID[525351]
NPT1144 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase VB Homo sapiens KA = 10.45 uM PMID[525351]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Ka = 0.013 uM PMID[525352]
NPT1063 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase VI Homo sapiens Ka = 1.23 uM PMID[525352]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Kcat = 5.7 10^6/s PMID[525352]
NPT1063 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase VI Homo sapiens Kcat = 10.3 10^5/s PMID[525352]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Kcat = 5.7 10^6/s PMID[525353]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525353]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Ka = 0.013 uM PMID[525355]
NPT1145 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c Ka = 86.0 uM PMID[525355]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Ka = 0.013 uM PMID[525356]
NPT1146 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase III Homo sapiens Ka = 34.7 uM PMID[525356]
NPT1062 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase IV Homo sapiens Ka = 36.3 uM PMID[525356]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525357]
NPT1146 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase III Homo sapiens KA = 34.7 uM PMID[525357]
NPT1062 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase IV Homo sapiens KA = 36.3 uM PMID[525358]
NPT1147 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase 15 Mus musculus KA = 33.4 uM PMID[525358]
NPT3157 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase 2 Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii KA = 44.1 uM PMID[525359]
NPT1148 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase Candida albicans (strain SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876) (Yeast) KA = 15.5 uM PMID[525359]
NPT1149 Individual Protein Phospholipase A-2-activating protein Homo sapiens IC50 > 5000.0 nM PMID[525360]
NPT1063 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase VI Homo sapiens KA = 1.23 uM PMID[525361]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525361]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Ka = 0.013 uM PMID[525362]
NPT1150 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum Ka = 70.0 uM PMID[525362]
NPT1145 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c Ka = 86.0 uM PMID[525362]
NPT1151 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase Candida glabrata CBS 138 Ka = 24.1 uM PMID[525362]
NPT616 Cell Line MDCK Canis lupus familiaris logPapp = -4.63 n.a. PMID[525363]
NPT1152 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Rattus norvegicus Ki = 55000.0 nM PMID[525364]
NPT108 Individual Protein Estrogen receptor alpha Homo sapiens Potency n.a. 11220.2 nM PMID[525367]
NPT46 Individual Protein Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1 Homo sapiens Potency n.a. 15.8 nM PMID[525367]
NPT249 Individual Protein Glucocorticoid receptor Homo sapiens Potency n.a. 15848.9 nM PMID[525367]
NPT445 Individual Protein Peripheral myelin protein 22 Rattus norvegicus Potency n.a. 4547.9 nM PMID[525366]
NPT484 Individual Protein Luciferin 4-monooxygenase Photinus pyralis Potency n.a. 28695.4 nM PMID[525366]
NPT1153 Individual Protein Monocarboxylate transporter 10 Rattus norvegicus Activity = 40.0 % PMID[525368]
NPT1153 Individual Protein Monocarboxylate transporter 10 Rattus norvegicus Activity = 50.0 % PMID[525368]
NPT1104 Individual Protein SLC16A10 protein Homo sapiens Activity = 60.0 % PMID[525369]
NPT1153 Individual Protein Monocarboxylate transporter 10 Rattus norvegicus Km = 7020000.0 nM PMID[525368]
NPT1104 Individual Protein SLC16A10 protein Homo sapiens Km = 740500.0 nM PMID[525370]
NPT152 Individual Protein Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Homo sapiens Potency n.a. 54482.7 nM PMID[525372]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Kcat = 5.7 10'6/s PMID[525373]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525373]
NPT113 Cell Line RAW264.7 Mus musculus Activity = 80.0 % PMID[525375]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525377]
NPT152 Individual Protein Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Homo sapiens Potency n.a. 21689.9 nM PMID[525372]
NPT1156 Individual Protein Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Bos taurus IC50 = 80210.0 nM PMID[525380]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Inhibition = 85.0 % PMID[525382]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Activity = 3.6 fmol/min PMID[525382]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525383]
NPT4793 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase Methanosarcina thermophila KA = 68.0 uM PMID[525383]
NPT1156 Individual Protein Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Bos taurus IC50 = 80210.0 nM PMID[525384]
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens KA = 0.013 uM PMID[525387]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens IC50 = 69000.0 nM PMID[525388]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Km = 11000.0 nM PMID[525388]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Inhibition = 85.0 % PMID[525388]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Activity = 100.0 % PMID[525388]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Km = 14200.0 nM PMID[525388]
NPT4309 Individual Protein Inhibitor of apoptosis protein 3 Homo sapiens IC50 = 80200.0 nM PMID[525391]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Inhibition = 85.0 % PMID[525392]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens IC50 = 69000.0 nM PMID[525392]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Activity = 2.7 fmol/min PMID[525392]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Activity = 3.6 fmol/min PMID[525398]
NPT1157 Individual Protein L-type amino acid transporter 1 Homo sapiens Inhibition = 85.0 % PMID[525398]
NPT27 Others Unspecified Solubility ratio = 1.036 n.a. PMID[525338]
NPT27 Others Unspecified Solubility ratio = 1.048 n.a. PMID[525338]
NPT27 Others Unspecified Solubility ratio = 1.093 n.a. PMID[525338]
NPT27 Others Unspecified Solubility ratio = 1.178 n.a. PMID[525338]
NPT27 Others Unspecified Solubility = 245000.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[525338]
NPT27 Others Unspecified Solubility = 173200.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[525338]
NPT605 Organism Homo sapiens Homo sapiens T1/2 = 29.0 hr PMID[525339]
NPT605 Organism Homo sapiens Homo sapiens T1/2 = 0.003333 hr PMID[525339]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Log 1/T = 2.19 n.a. PMID[525341]
NPT35 Others n.a. LogP = 1.49 n.a. PMID[525341]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Ratio = 1.036 n.a. PMID[525342]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Ratio = 1.048 n.a. PMID[525342]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Ratio = 1.093 n.a. PMID[525342]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Ratio = 1.178 n.a. PMID[525342]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Concentration = 24.5 g dl-1 PMID[525342]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Control value = 17.32 g dl-1 PMID[525342]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Ratio = 1.175 n.a. PMID[525342]
NPT29 Organism Rattus norvegicus Rattus norvegicus Permeability = 3.57 n.a. PMID[525343]
NPT605 Organism Homo sapiens Homo sapiens Activity = 1.036 n.a. PMID[525344]
NPT605 Organism Homo sapiens Homo sapiens Activity = 1.048 n.a. PMID[525344]
NPT605 Organism Homo sapiens Homo sapiens Activity = 1.093 n.a. PMID[525344]
NPT605 Organism Homo sapiens Homo sapiens Activity = 1.178 n.a. PMID[525344]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens Activity = 160.0 % PMID[525345]
NPT35 Others n.a. Solubility = 1.036 n.a. PMID[525346]
NPT35 Others n.a. Solubility = 1.048 n.a. PMID[525346]
NPT35 Others n.a. Solubility = 1.093 n.a. PMID[525346]
NPT35 Others n.a. Solubility = 1.178 n.a. PMID[525346]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525349]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525350]
NPT955 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase VII Homo sapiens KA = 10.93 uM PMID[525350]
NPT954 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase XIV Homo sapiens KA = 0.24 uM PMID[525350]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens Kcat = 19.8 10^5/s PMID[525350]
NPT955 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase VII Homo sapiens Kcat = 14.6 10^5/s PMID[525350]
NPT954 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase XIV Homo sapiens Kcat = 12.5 10^5/s PMID[525350]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens Ka = 0.07 uM PMID[525352]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens Kcat = 19.8 10^5/s PMID[525352]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens Kcat = 19.8 10^5/s PMID[525353]
NPT948 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase IX Homo sapiens Kcat = 4.7 10^5/s PMID[525353]
NPT949 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase XII Homo sapiens Kcat = 12.4 10^5/s PMID[525353]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525353]
NPT948 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase IX Homo sapiens KA = 16.3 uM PMID[525353]
NPT949 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase XII Homo sapiens KA = 1.38 uM PMID[525353]
NPT530 Organism Caenorhabditis elegans Caenorhabditis elegans Activity = -1.0 % PMID[525354]
NPT530 Organism Caenorhabditis elegans Caenorhabditis elegans Activity = -2.0 % PMID[525354]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Ka = 70.0 uM PMID[525355]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens Ka = 0.07 uM PMID[525356]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525357]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 70.0 uM PMID[525357]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 68.0 uM PMID[525357]
NPT802 Individual Protein Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme Homo sapiens IC50 > 5000.0 nM PMID[525360]
NPT801 Individual Protein Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Homo sapiens IC50 > 5000.0 nM PMID[525360]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 34.0 uM PMID[525361]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525361]
NPT35 Others n.a. Daq = 9.8 10'-6cm2/s PMID[525363]
NPT35 Others n.a. LogP = -1.38 n.a. PMID[525363]
NPT605 Organism Homo sapiens Homo sapiens F = 100.0 % PMID[525363]
NPT27 Others Unspecified permeability = 3.36 10'-4 cm/s PMID[525363]
NPT35 Others n.a. pKa = 2.2 n.a. PMID[525363]
NPT6 Organism Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium falciparum Potency n.a. 2393.4 nM PMID[525366]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens Kcat = 19.8 10'5/s PMID[525373]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Kcat = 1.4 10'7/s PMID[525373]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525373]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 0.008 uM PMID[525373]
NPT23991 MACROMOLECULE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bacteria Inhibition = 80.0 % PMID[525375]
NPT27 Others Unspecified Activity = 70.0 % PMID[525375]
NPT23991 MACROMOLECULE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bacteria Inhibition = 54.0 % PMID[525375]
NPT23991 MACROMOLECULE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bacteria Inhibition = 32.0 % PMID[525375]
NPT18 Organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pseudomonas aeruginosa MIC = 25000.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT16 Organism Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus MIC = 25000.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT17 Organism Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus epidermidis MIC = 13200.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT79 Organism Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis MIC = 11300.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT16 Organism Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus MIC = 6250.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT85 Organism Filobasidiella neoformans Cryptococcus neoformans MIC = 6100.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT173 Organism Klebsiella pneumoniae Klebsiella pneumoniae MIC = 6000.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT19 Organism Escherichia coli Escherichia coli MIC = 6000.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT20 Organism Candida albicans Candida albicans MIC = 3100.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT87 Organism Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus fumigatus MIC = 3000.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT330 Organism Trichophyton mentagrophytes Trichophyton mentagrophytes MIC = 3000.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT1155 Organism Sporothrix schenckii Sporothrix schenckii MIC = 3000.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT188 Organism Candida parapsilosis Candida parapsilosis MIC = 3000.0 nM PMID[525375]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 0.062 uM PMID[525377]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 0.008 uM PMID[525377]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525377]
NPT35 Others n.a. pKa n.a. 2.2 n.a. PMID[525378]
NPT35 Others n.a. pKa n.a. 9.08 n.a. PMID[525378]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Potency n.a. 1000.0 nM PMID[525379]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 34.1 uM PMID[525381]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525383]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 1.73 uM PMID[525383]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Kcat = 9.82 10'5/s PMID[525383]
NPT802 Individual Protein Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme Homo sapiens IC50 = 100100.0 nM PMID[525385]
NPT35 Others n.a. Activity = 0.0025 umolequiv/umol PMID[525386]
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens KA = 0.07 uM PMID[525387]
NPT2 Others Unspecified KA = 9.16 uM PMID[525387]
NPT21652 SINGLE PROTEIN Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative Trypanosoma cruzi (strain CL Brener) KA = 12.1 uM PMID[525387]
NPT801 Individual Protein Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Homo sapiens IC50 = 80200.0 nM PMID[525389]
NPT802 Individual Protein Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme Homo sapiens IC50 > 200000.0 nM PMID[525390]
NPT801 Individual Protein Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Homo sapiens IC50 = 100000.0 nM PMID[525390]
NPT2 Others Unspecified Ratio IC50 > 2.0 n.a. PMID[525390]
NPT21075 SINGLE PROTEIN Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase Homo sapiens Activity = 90.0 % PMID[525393]
NPT22587 SINGLE PROTEIN Taste receptor type 2 member 39 Homo sapiens Inhibition = 0.0 % PMID[525394]
NPT2 Others Unspecified IC50 = 80210.0 nM PMID[525396]
NPT20555 ORGANISM SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IC50 > 20000.0 nM PMID[525397]
NPT20555 ORGANISM SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IC50 > 19952.62 nM PMID[525397]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC10781 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
1.0 High Similarity NPC293628
1.0 High Similarity NPC122493
0.978 High Similarity NPC324569
0.9278 High Similarity NPC67043
0.9271 High Similarity NPC164859
0.8958 High Similarity NPC12730
0.8824 High Similarity NPC319579
0.88 High Similarity NPC327481
0.8738 High Similarity NPC329011
0.8654 High Similarity NPC474584
0.8469 Intermediate Similarity NPC322598
0.8411 Intermediate Similarity NPC197470
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC106551
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC281686
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC188867
0.8222 Intermediate Similarity NPC127343
0.8113 Intermediate Similarity NPC313981
0.8108 Intermediate Similarity NPC239697
0.8018 Intermediate Similarity NPC142638
0.8018 Intermediate Similarity NPC317784
0.7981 Intermediate Similarity NPC476198
0.7965 Intermediate Similarity NPC326079
0.7959 Intermediate Similarity NPC323164
0.7957 Intermediate Similarity NPC285773
0.7957 Intermediate Similarity NPC44830
0.7917 Intermediate Similarity NPC325441
0.7879 Intermediate Similarity NPC291070
0.7879 Intermediate Similarity NPC246757
0.7857 Intermediate Similarity NPC314992
0.7838 Intermediate Similarity NPC2265
0.7826 Intermediate Similarity NPC35996
0.7789 Intermediate Similarity NPC95965
0.7755 Intermediate Similarity NPC258627
0.7739 Intermediate Similarity NPC27581
0.7629 Intermediate Similarity NPC322387
0.7627 Intermediate Similarity NPC477937
0.7611 Intermediate Similarity NPC169328
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPC164514
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPC108606
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPC290515
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPC303611
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPC226096
0.7563 Intermediate Similarity NPC58827
0.7563 Intermediate Similarity NPC307437
0.7563 Intermediate Similarity NPC72473
0.7551 Intermediate Similarity NPC329064
0.7544 Intermediate Similarity NPC310467
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC16031
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC161593
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC145888
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC226438
0.7478 Intermediate Similarity NPC319950
0.7453 Intermediate Similarity NPC471317
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPC215351
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPC20142
0.7438 Intermediate Similarity NPC325651
0.7414 Intermediate Similarity NPC190663
0.7414 Intermediate Similarity NPC80150
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPC70940
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPC274455
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPC86670
0.7396 Intermediate Similarity NPC288903
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPC122327
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPC113000
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPC112609
0.7327 Intermediate Similarity NPC317645
0.7317 Intermediate Similarity NPC48909
0.7288 Intermediate Similarity NPC142577
0.7288 Intermediate Similarity NPC160493
0.7282 Intermediate Similarity NPC161972
0.7282 Intermediate Similarity NPC303045
0.7265 Intermediate Similarity NPC478015
0.7265 Intermediate Similarity NPC478014
0.7265 Intermediate Similarity NPC478016
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC88667
0.7257 Intermediate Similarity NPC35850
0.7257 Intermediate Similarity NPC276949
0.7245 Intermediate Similarity NPC294134
0.7241 Intermediate Similarity NPC237420
0.7228 Intermediate Similarity NPC316108
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC229235
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC150254
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC147000
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC304761
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC226778
0.7212 Intermediate Similarity NPC25565
0.7212 Intermediate Similarity NPC3371
0.7203 Intermediate Similarity NPC56634
0.7203 Intermediate Similarity NPC71684
0.7193 Intermediate Similarity NPC33742
0.7157 Intermediate Similarity NPC110704
0.7157 Intermediate Similarity NPC86987
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC475439
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC473501
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC314835
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC311242
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC155429
0.7128 Intermediate Similarity NPC290638
0.7128 Intermediate Similarity NPC325662
0.7128 Intermediate Similarity NPC98269
0.7115 Intermediate Similarity NPC172925
0.7107 Intermediate Similarity NPC4974
0.7107 Intermediate Similarity NPC47667
0.7091 Intermediate Similarity NPC274089
0.7091 Intermediate Similarity NPC191215
0.7083 Intermediate Similarity NPC309279
0.7083 Intermediate Similarity NPC192623
0.704 Intermediate Similarity NPC326966
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC327226
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC318154
0.7031 Intermediate Similarity NPC132636
0.703 Intermediate Similarity NPC477704
0.703 Intermediate Similarity NPC477693
0.7025 Intermediate Similarity NPC222466
0.6992 Remote Similarity NPC199738
0.6992 Remote Similarity NPC321561
0.6992 Remote Similarity NPC210950
0.6992 Remote Similarity NPC476353
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPC477767
0.6972 Remote Similarity NPC202613
0.6967 Remote Similarity NPC101719
0.6961 Remote Similarity NPC470877
0.6961 Remote Similarity NPC9822
0.6939 Remote Similarity NPC323103
0.6935 Remote Similarity NPC311753
0.6935 Remote Similarity NPC296712
0.6931 Remote Similarity NPC471638
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC282087
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC14672
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC259800
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC318028
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC328137
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC318984
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC285926
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC241086
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC315276
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC317741
0.6916 Remote Similarity NPC229242
0.6916 Remote Similarity NPC160548
0.6916 Remote Similarity NPC271475
0.6916 Remote Similarity NPC175852
0.6916 Remote Similarity NPC210529
0.6915 Remote Similarity NPC276699
0.6907 Remote Similarity NPC121800
0.6903 Remote Similarity NPC158854
0.6899 Remote Similarity NPC287358
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC78041
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC62765
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC141139
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC209764
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC121872
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC471307
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC84288
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC74936
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPC159178
0.688 Remote Similarity NPC478147
0.687 Remote Similarity NPC57976
0.6869 Remote Similarity NPC270507
0.6864 Remote Similarity NPC470545
0.686 Remote Similarity NPC84281
0.686 Remote Similarity NPC317474
0.686 Remote Similarity NPC291027
0.686 Remote Similarity NPC169485
0.686 Remote Similarity NPC213126
0.6852 Remote Similarity NPC125732
0.6852 Remote Similarity NPC217621
0.6852 Remote Similarity NPC245561
0.6842 Remote Similarity NPC139658
0.6838 Remote Similarity NPC188010
0.6833 Remote Similarity NPC45777
0.6833 Remote Similarity NPC477061
0.6829 Remote Similarity NPC474847
0.6827 Remote Similarity NPC141607
0.6827 Remote Similarity NPC187725
0.6822 Remote Similarity NPC472788
0.6822 Remote Similarity NPC253423
0.6818 Remote Similarity NPC68055
0.6818 Remote Similarity NPC66518
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPC470546
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPC229353
0.6804 Remote Similarity NPC170484
0.68 Remote Similarity NPC111428
0.6794 Remote Similarity NPC326860
0.6794 Remote Similarity NPC197239
0.6792 Remote Similarity NPC58674
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC52472
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC214200
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC136810
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC128248
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC133809
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC264728
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC228400
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC225079
0.6789 Remote Similarity NPC94487
0.678 Remote Similarity NPC470544
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPC208302
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPC74458
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC45191
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPC246913
0.6768 Remote Similarity NPC103387

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC10781 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
1.0 High Similarity NPD9566 Approved
0.9053 High Similarity NPD253 Approved
0.8411 Intermediate Similarity NPD1348 Approved
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPD9568 Approved
0.8318 Intermediate Similarity NPD747 Discontinued
0.8155 Intermediate Similarity NPD1040 Phase 2
0.8132 Intermediate Similarity NPD226 Approved
0.8113 Intermediate Similarity NPD3643 Approved
0.8113 Intermediate Similarity NPD3642 Approved
0.8113 Intermediate Similarity NPD189 Phase 3
0.8113 Intermediate Similarity NPD3644 Approved
0.8113 Intermediate Similarity NPD188 Approved
0.8108 Intermediate Similarity NPD4504 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPD5162 Approved
0.7965 Intermediate Similarity NPD3881 Discontinued
0.7957 Intermediate Similarity NPD9491 Approved
0.7857 Intermediate Similarity NPD2217 Approved
0.7857 Intermediate Similarity NPD2218 Phase 2
0.7826 Intermediate Similarity NPD3880 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7802 Intermediate Similarity NPD225 Approved
0.7802 Intermediate Similarity NPD227 Approved
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPD1812 Approved
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPD1814 Approved
0.7748 Intermediate Similarity NPD255 Approved
0.7748 Intermediate Similarity NPD256 Approved
0.7739 Intermediate Similarity NPD4761 Approved
0.7739 Intermediate Similarity NPD4762 Approved
0.7739 Intermediate Similarity NPD4706 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7727 Intermediate Similarity NPD1374 Approved
0.7727 Intermediate Similarity NPD1371 Approved
0.7727 Intermediate Similarity NPD1370 Approved
0.7727 Intermediate Similarity NPD1373 Approved
0.7706 Intermediate Similarity NPD9508 Approved
0.7692 Intermediate Similarity NPD196 Phase 1
0.7672 Intermediate Similarity NPD3073 Approved
0.7672 Intermediate Similarity NPD3071 Approved
0.7672 Intermediate Similarity NPD3072 Approved
0.7652 Intermediate Similarity NPD2956 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7629 Intermediate Similarity NPD4793 Discontinued
0.7607 Intermediate Similarity NPD4677 Discontinued
0.7607 Intermediate Similarity NPD182 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPD9609 Approved
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPD9612 Approved
0.7573 Intermediate Similarity NPD9611 Approved
0.7527 Intermediate Similarity NPD9490 Approved
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPD9569 Approved
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPD7828 Discontinued
0.7475 Intermediate Similarity NPD800 Approved
0.7475 Intermediate Similarity NPD5346 Phase 2
0.7475 Intermediate Similarity NPD5347 Phase 2
0.7431 Intermediate Similarity NPD476 Approved
0.7417 Intermediate Similarity NPD4151 Approved
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPD1090 Approved
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPD1086 Approved
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPD1089 Approved
0.7377 Intermediate Similarity NPD1070 Approved
0.7377 Intermediate Similarity NPD1069 Approved
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPD9593 Approved
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPD9589 Approved
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPD9592 Approved
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPD9588 Approved
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPD9594 Approved
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPD80 Approved
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPD9591 Approved
0.7363 Intermediate Similarity NPD9590 Approved
0.7355 Intermediate Similarity NPD3040 Approved
0.7355 Intermediate Similarity NPD4177 Approved
0.7355 Intermediate Similarity NPD4175 Approved
0.7353 Intermediate Similarity NPD1066 Discontinued
0.7333 Intermediate Similarity NPD6302 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7327 Intermediate Similarity NPD1239 Approved
0.7317 Intermediate Similarity NPD5581 Approved
0.7315 Intermediate Similarity NPD999 Phase 2
0.7295 Intermediate Similarity NPD4676 Approved
0.7295 Intermediate Similarity NPD5263 Approved
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPD259 Phase 1
0.7255 Intermediate Similarity NPD1088 Approved
0.725 Intermediate Similarity NPD5367 Discontinued
0.7241 Intermediate Similarity NPD6093 Discontinued
0.7236 Intermediate Similarity NPD9718 Approved
0.7236 Intermediate Similarity NPD9536 Phase 1
0.7236 Intermediate Similarity NPD9537 Phase 1
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPD315 Approved
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPD309 Approved
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPD314 Approved
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPD310 Approved
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPD311 Approved
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPD10 Approved
0.719 Intermediate Similarity NPD3606 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7184 Intermediate Similarity NPD3719 Approved
0.7184 Intermediate Similarity NPD5122 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7184 Intermediate Similarity NPD3718 Approved
0.7179 Intermediate Similarity NPD5981 Approved
0.7168 Intermediate Similarity NPD181 Approved
0.7168 Intermediate Similarity NPD2607 Approved
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPD555 Phase 2
0.7115 Intermediate Similarity NPD688 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7115 Intermediate Similarity NPD1693 Approved
0.7105 Intermediate Similarity NPD3598 Phase 3
0.71 Intermediate Similarity NPD1087 Approved
0.7097 Intermediate Similarity NPD3136 Phase 2
0.7091 Intermediate Similarity NPD467 Phase 1
0.7087 Intermediate Similarity NPD6690 Approved
0.7064 Intermediate Similarity NPD9610 Approved
0.7064 Intermediate Similarity NPD9608 Approved
0.7063 Intermediate Similarity NPD4153 Approved
0.7063 Intermediate Similarity NPD6623 Phase 3
0.7063 Intermediate Similarity NPD5296 Approved
0.7053 Intermediate Similarity NPD9564 Approved
0.7053 Intermediate Similarity NPD296 Approved
0.7053 Intermediate Similarity NPD9563 Approved
0.7053 Intermediate Similarity NPD295 Approved
0.7053 Intermediate Similarity NPD293 Approved
0.7053 Intermediate Similarity NPD79 Approved
0.7048 Intermediate Similarity NPD5206 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.704 Intermediate Similarity NPD5299 Approved
0.7031 Intermediate Similarity NPD1536 Approved
0.7031 Intermediate Similarity NPD6852 Discontinued
0.7031 Intermediate Similarity NPD6295 Approved
0.7031 Intermediate Similarity NPD6294 Approved
0.7009 Intermediate Similarity NPD1067 Discontinued
0.7009 Intermediate Similarity NPD9712 Approved
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPD1018 Approved
0.6992 Remote Similarity NPD257 Approved
0.6992 Remote Similarity NPD258 Approved
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPD1099 Approved
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPD1566 Phase 3
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPD1100 Approved
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPD1564 Approved
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPD1565 Approved
0.6977 Remote Similarity NPD6864 Phase 2
0.6977 Remote Similarity NPD6865 Phase 2
0.6957 Remote Similarity NPD2652 Approved
0.6957 Remote Similarity NPD2650 Approved
0.6953 Remote Similarity NPD3528 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6953 Remote Similarity NPD6073 Approved
0.6953 Remote Similarity NPD5725 Approved
0.6949 Remote Similarity NPD4479 Discontinued
0.6944 Remote Similarity NPD4760 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6942 Remote Similarity NPD2584 Suspended
0.6942 Remote Similarity NPD5108 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6929 Remote Similarity NPD5323 Approved
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPD1537 Approved
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPD9570 Approved
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPD1538 Phase 1
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPD1519 Approved
0.6916 Remote Similarity NPD9711 Approved
0.6916 Remote Similarity NPD9710 Approved
0.6916 Remote Similarity NPD9495 Approved
0.6903 Remote Similarity NPD1756 Approved
0.6903 Remote Similarity NPD1752 Approved
0.6899 Remote Similarity NPD4126 Approved
0.6899 Remote Similarity NPD1520 Approved
0.6899 Remote Similarity NPD1521 Approved
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPD3673 Approved
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPD9256 Approved
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPD3672 Approved
0.6893 Remote Similarity NPD9258 Approved
0.688 Remote Similarity NPD6359 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.688 Remote Similarity NPD4125 Approved
0.688 Remote Similarity NPD1974 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPD1071 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPD3908 Approved
0.6864 Remote Similarity NPD1758 Phase 1
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD4216 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD3132 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD4218 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD2611 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD2612 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD2609 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD3131 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD4215 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD4217 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD2608 Approved
0.686 Remote Similarity NPD2610 Approved
0.6855 Remote Similarity NPD5339 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6855 Remote Similarity NPD3608 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6852 Remote Similarity NPD2066 Phase 3
0.6852 Remote Similarity NPD3097 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6838 Remote Similarity NPD7508 Discontinued
0.6829 Remote Similarity NPD2198 Approved
0.6829 Remote Similarity NPD2199 Approved
0.6825 Remote Similarity NPD4794 Discontinued
0.6825 Remote Similarity NPD4738 Phase 2
0.6825 Remote Similarity NPD6919 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6822 Remote Similarity NPD528 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6818 Remote Similarity NPD168 Phase 1
0.6818 Remote Similarity NPD167 Phase 2
0.681 Remote Similarity NPD1681 Approved
0.681 Remote Similarity NPD1680 Approved
0.681 Remote Similarity NPD1682 Approved
0.6807 Remote Similarity NPD1759 Phase 1
0.6803 Remote Similarity NPD1360 Approved
0.6803 Remote Similarity NPD1077 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.68 Remote Similarity NPD5759 Approved
0.6794 Remote Similarity NPD1522 Approved
0.6794 Remote Similarity NPD1523 Approved
0.678 Remote Similarity NPD732 Approved
0.678 Remote Similarity NPD733 Approved
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPD292 Approved

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data