NPASS Compound

Structure

NPC470110 OpenBabel07101718182D 23 22 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -9.5263 -0.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3923 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1962 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0622 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3301 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.9282 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4641 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7942 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5981 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.6603 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7321 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7321 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.5263 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8660 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5981 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8660 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8660 -0.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4641 -2.0000 0.0000 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0000 -2.0000 0.0000 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5981 -0.5000 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8660 -0.5000 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7321 -0.0000 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 13 1 0 0 0 0 2 13 1 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 0 0 0 0 3 5 1 0 0 0 0 4 6 1 0 0 0 0 5 7 1 0 0 0 0 6 8 1 0 0 0 0 7 9 1 0 0 0 0 8 10 1 0 0 0 0 9 11 1 0 0 0 0 10 13 1 0 0 0 0 11 16 1 0 0 0 0 12 15 1 0 0 0 0 14 12 1 6 0 0 0 14 17 1 0 0 0 0 14 19 1 0 0 0 0 15 18 2 0 0 0 0 15 20 1 0 0 0 0 16 19 2 3 0 0 0 16 21 1 0 0 0 0 17 22 2 0 0 0 0 17 23 1 0 0 0 0 M END $$$$

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	328.24
Volume:	351.833
LogP:	2.665
LogD:	1.837
LogS:	-2.837
# Rotatable Bonds:	15
TPSA:	109.49
# H-Bond Aceptor:	6
# H-Bond Donor:	4
# Rings:	0
# Heavy Atoms:	6

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.426
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	2.469
Fsp3:	0.824
Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted
GSK Rule:	Accepted
BMS Rule:	1
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted
Chelating Alert:	0
PAINS Alert:	0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.255
MDCK Permeability:	7.014071161393076e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.035
Pgp-substrate:	0.007
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.007
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.039
30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.044

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.817
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	89.64656829833984%
Volume Distribution (VD):	0.325
Pgp-substrate:	10.567090034484863%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.024
CYP1A2-substrate:	0.083
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.07
CYP2C19-substrate:	0.063
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.268
CYP2C9-substrate:	0.967
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.028
CYP2D6-substrate:	0.097
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.027
CYP3A4-substrate:	0.037

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):	4.089
Half-life (T1/2):	0.551

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.009
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.086
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.064
AMES Toxicity:	0.004
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.033
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.009
Skin Sensitization:	0.359
Carcinogencity:	0.056
Eye Corrosion:	0.004
Eye Irritation:	0.035
Respiratory Toxicity:	0.026

Download Data

Data Type	Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties
Structure MOL file
Source Organisms
Biological Activities
Similar NPs/Drugs

Natural Product: NPC470110

Natural Product ID:	NPC470110
*Common Name:**	Lipoamide C
IUPAC Name:	(2S)-4-amino-2-(11-methyldodecanoylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid
Synonyms:	Lipoamide C
Standard InCHIKey:	SRHUPQXVISAJRF-AWEZNQCLSA-N
Standard InCHI:	InChI=1S/C17H32N2O4/c1-13(2)10-8-6-4-3-5-7-9-11-16(21)19-14(17(22)23)12-15(18)20/h13-14H,3-12H2,1-2H3,(H2,18,20)(H,19,21)(H,22,23)/t14-/m0/s1
SMILES:	CC(CCCCCCCCCC(=N[C@H](C(=O)O)CC(=N)O)O)C
Synthetic Gene Cluster:	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:	CHEMBL1773495
PubChem CID:	54581178
Chemical Classification:**	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000264] Organic acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0000265] Carboxylic acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0000013] Amino acids, peptides, and analogues [CHEMONTID:0000347] Amino acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0000060] Alpha amino acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0004312] Asparagine and derivatives

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO32941	bacillus	Genus	Bacillidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21401023]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	NP ID	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
MIC	2

Activity Type	# Activity
Organism	2

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT16	Organism	Staphylococcus aureus	Staphylococcus aureus	MIC	>	100.0	ug.mL-1	PMID[534592]
NPT18	Organism	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	MIC	>	100.0	ug.mL-1	PMID[534592]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC470110 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	81
0.1-0.2	8961
0.2-0.3	20491
0.3-0.4	11298
0.4-0.5	1403
0.5-0.6	303
0.6-0.7	109
0.7-0.8	48
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	3

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.9839	High Similarity	NPC470109
0.9677	High Similarity	NPC470108
0.7671	Intermediate Similarity	NPC43219
0.7576	Intermediate Similarity	NPC321468
0.7576	Intermediate Similarity	NPC327748
0.7568	Intermediate Similarity	NPC86064
0.7538	Intermediate Similarity	NPC317147
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC227051
0.747	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477729
0.7468	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477730
0.7463	Intermediate Similarity	NPC329564
0.7463	Intermediate Similarity	NPC327170
0.7436	Intermediate Similarity	NPC314466
0.7419	Intermediate Similarity	NPC329181
0.7419	Intermediate Similarity	NPC319110
0.7375	Intermediate Similarity	NPC95478
0.7375	Intermediate Similarity	NPC155670
0.7375	Intermediate Similarity	NPC145748
0.7344	Intermediate Similarity	NPC321118
0.7344	Intermediate Similarity	NPC316889
0.7313	Intermediate Similarity	NPC316826
0.7313	Intermediate Similarity	NPC317143
0.7273	Intermediate Similarity	NPC318260
0.726	Intermediate Similarity	NPC478256
0.7108	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477728
0.7101	Intermediate Similarity	NPC477644
0.7059	Intermediate Similarity	NPC254541
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC316242
0.7031	Intermediate Similarity	NPC322946
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC328378
0.697	Remote Similarity	NPC327831
0.6962	Remote Similarity	NPC478017
0.6962	Remote Similarity	NPC315131
0.6962	Remote Similarity	NPC315535
0.6912	Remote Similarity	NPC189301
0.6912	Remote Similarity	NPC176164
0.6892	Remote Similarity	NPC474298
0.6892	Remote Similarity	NPC475808
0.6892	Remote Similarity	NPC473985
0.6892	Remote Similarity	NPC474299
0.6892	Remote Similarity	NPC472579
0.6892	Remote Similarity	NPC28348
0.6842	Remote Similarity	NPC477641
0.6842	Remote Similarity	NPC477643
0.6842	Remote Similarity	NPC315897
0.6842	Remote Similarity	NPC320865
0.6812	Remote Similarity	NPC320598
0.68	Remote Similarity	NPC476285
0.68	Remote Similarity	NPC477642
0.6761	Remote Similarity	NPC327252
0.6757	Remote Similarity	NPC195165
0.6753	Remote Similarity	NPC476248
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC80350
0.6716	Remote Similarity	NPC322573
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC472595
0.6623	Remote Similarity	NPC474403
0.6579	Remote Similarity	NPC476291
0.6571	Remote Similarity	NPC321536
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPC153370
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPC227850
0.6543	Remote Similarity	NPC473984
0.6538	Remote Similarity	NPC138435
0.65	Remote Similarity	NPC472594
0.6494	Remote Similarity	NPC477200
0.6479	Remote Similarity	NPC143722
0.6438	Remote Similarity	NPC145658
0.642	Remote Similarity	NPC37681
0.641	Remote Similarity	NPC141325
0.6377	Remote Similarity	NPC38463
0.6377	Remote Similarity	NPC325985
0.6375	Remote Similarity	NPC476324
0.6375	Remote Similarity	NPC476130
0.6333	Remote Similarity	NPC208537
0.6333	Remote Similarity	NPC270005
0.6324	Remote Similarity	NPC72722
0.631	Remote Similarity	NPC84128
0.631	Remote Similarity	NPC53858
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPC297220
0.6234	Remote Similarity	NPC126779
0.6234	Remote Similarity	NPC314273
0.6234	Remote Similarity	NPC193280
0.6216	Remote Similarity	NPC315744
0.6216	Remote Similarity	NPC316674
0.6212	Remote Similarity	NPC162620
0.6212	Remote Similarity	NPC245027
0.6212	Remote Similarity	NPC62045
0.6163	Remote Similarity	NPC320936
0.6163	Remote Similarity	NPC472351
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPC21844
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPC319709
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPC289484
0.6133	Remote Similarity	NPC174304
0.6133	Remote Similarity	NPC325597
0.6129	Remote Similarity	NPC241279
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPC216415
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPC476537
0.6104	Remote Similarity	NPC306696
0.6081	Remote Similarity	NPC145627
0.6081	Remote Similarity	NPC105297
0.6061	Remote Similarity	NPC477878
0.6061	Remote Similarity	NPC87359
0.6061	Remote Similarity	NPC180402
0.6061	Remote Similarity	NPC324793
0.6056	Remote Similarity	NPC278209
0.6047	Remote Similarity	NPC47135
0.6027	Remote Similarity	NPC471129
0.6027	Remote Similarity	NPC321419
0.6024	Remote Similarity	NPC191774
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC57420
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC193386
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC23984
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC289691
0.5977	Remote Similarity	NPC323180
0.5972	Remote Similarity	NPC190385
0.5972	Remote Similarity	NPC472578
0.597	Remote Similarity	NPC226027
0.597	Remote Similarity	NPC174246
0.597	Remote Similarity	NPC43204
0.597	Remote Similarity	NPC84636
0.5952	Remote Similarity	NPC469492
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPC189178
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPC197087
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPC263065
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPC190184
0.5938	Remote Similarity	NPC325097
0.5938	Remote Similarity	NPC132307
0.5938	Remote Similarity	NPC220234
0.5938	Remote Similarity	NPC126925
0.5921	Remote Similarity	NPC128559
0.5909	Remote Similarity	NPC175419
0.5897	Remote Similarity	NPC319046
0.589	Remote Similarity	NPC473599
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPC469517
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPC327239
0.5862	Remote Similarity	NPC474312
0.5857	Remote Similarity	NPC270041
0.5846	Remote Similarity	NPC55023
0.5844	Remote Similarity	NPC474402
0.5806	Remote Similarity	NPC28394
0.5806	Remote Similarity	NPC315237
0.5806	Remote Similarity	NPC31557
0.5806	Remote Similarity	NPC327250
0.5802	Remote Similarity	NPC55274
0.5784	Remote Similarity	NPC15413
0.5778	Remote Similarity	NPC270957
0.5778	Remote Similarity	NPC119633
0.5778	Remote Similarity	NPC321340
0.5778	Remote Similarity	NPC171698
0.5778	Remote Similarity	NPC323958
0.5758	Remote Similarity	NPC314679
0.5735	Remote Similarity	NPC112890
0.5735	Remote Similarity	NPC324825
0.5735	Remote Similarity	NPC316231
0.5733	Remote Similarity	NPC302188
0.573	Remote Similarity	NPC476523
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC329495
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC137327
0.5696	Remote Similarity	NPC250953
0.5694	Remote Similarity	NPC313263
0.5684	Remote Similarity	NPC470283
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPC325734
0.5672	Remote Similarity	NPC136159
0.5652	Remote Similarity	NPC50457
0.5652	Remote Similarity	NPC322966
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPC474812
0.5607	Remote Similarity	NPC471645
0.5606	Remote Similarity	NPC327698
0.5606	Remote Similarity	NPC118459
0.5606	Remote Similarity	NPC208793
0.5606	Remote Similarity	NPC285322
0.56	Remote Similarity	NPC124554
0.56	Remote Similarity	NPC5864
0.56	Remote Similarity	NPC301148

Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC470110 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	52
0.1-0.2	2487
0.2-0.3	4705
0.3-0.4	1383
0.4-0.5	364
0.5-0.6	123
0.6-0.7	32
0.7-0.8	4
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.7571	Intermediate Similarity	NPD2263	Discontinued
0.7361	Intermediate Similarity	NPD3724	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7297	Intermediate Similarity	NPD6944	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7037	Intermediate Similarity	NPD4829	Discontinued
0.7031	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9441	Phase 2
0.6962	Remote Similarity	NPD7917	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6962	Remote Similarity	NPD7918	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6897	Remote Similarity	NPD6699	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6857	Remote Similarity	NPD574	Approved
0.6849	Remote Similarity	NPD1429	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6842	Remote Similarity	NPD1825	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6842	Remote Similarity	NPD2256	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6761	Remote Similarity	NPD575	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPD9433	Approved
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPD379	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6627	Remote Similarity	NPD7643	Phase 1
0.6623	Remote Similarity	NPD1147	Phase 2
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPD8614	Approved
0.6548	Remote Similarity	NPD3733	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6528	Remote Similarity	NPD9676	Phase 3
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPD1830	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6395	Remote Similarity	NPD3723	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6327	Remote Similarity	NPD8175	Discontinued
0.6296	Remote Similarity	NPD2689	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6282	Remote Similarity	NPD2262	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6234	Remote Similarity	NPD4242	Approved
0.6212	Remote Similarity	NPD9018	Approved
0.6203	Remote Similarity	NPD3187	Discontinued
0.6196	Remote Similarity	NPD573	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6196	Remote Similarity	NPD8394	Approved
0.6184	Remote Similarity	NPD886	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPD3211	Approved
0.6136	Remote Similarity	NPD3176	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6133	Remote Similarity	NPD348	Approved
0.6104	Remote Similarity	NPD4241	Registered
0.6087	Remote Similarity	NPD9419	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6047	Remote Similarity	NPD7345	Approved
0.6024	Remote Similarity	NPD4278	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6023	Remote Similarity	NPD7759	Phase 2
0.6023	Remote Similarity	NPD7760	Phase 2
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPD1152	Phase 2
0.5976	Remote Similarity	NPD1453	Phase 1
0.5974	Remote Similarity	NPD9421	Phase 1
0.5972	Remote Similarity	NPD9023	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.597	Remote Similarity	NPD9017	Approved
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPD9205	Approved
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPD9204	Approved
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPD8785	Approved
0.5938	Remote Similarity	NPD8798	Approved
0.593	Remote Similarity	NPD1448	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.593	Remote Similarity	NPD2683	Discontinued
0.5926	Remote Similarity	NPD366	Approved
0.5897	Remote Similarity	NPD9451	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5897	Remote Similarity	NPD337	Discontinued
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPD5354	Approved
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPD329	Discontinued
0.5854	Remote Similarity	NPD632	Discontinued
0.5824	Remote Similarity	NPD4264	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5814	Remote Similarity	NPD612	Discontinued
0.5783	Remote Similarity	NPD2257	Approved
0.5773	Remote Similarity	NPD4825	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5765	Remote Similarity	NPD617	Approved
0.5758	Remote Similarity	NPD634	Phase 3
0.5745	Remote Similarity	NPD5781	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5735	Remote Similarity	NPD9016	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5735	Remote Similarity	NPD9044	Approved
0.5733	Remote Similarity	NPD9656	Approved
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD1831	Phase 3
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD3186	Phase 1
0.57	Remote Similarity	NPD6122	Discontinued
0.5699	Remote Similarity	NPD4261	Phase 1
0.5694	Remote Similarity	NPD9454	Approved
0.5679	Remote Similarity	NPD5382	Phase 2
0.5647	Remote Similarity	NPD3160	Suspended
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPD620	Approved
0.5606	Remote Similarity	NPD8610	Approved
0.5606	Remote Similarity	NPD9658	Clinical (unspecified phase)

Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data