NPASS Compound

Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	312.3
Volume:	369.42
LogP:	7.548
LogD:	6.148
LogS:	-6.475
# Rotatable Bonds:	14
TPSA:	37.3
# H-Bond Aceptor:	2
# H-Bond Donor:	1
# Rings:	0
# Heavy Atoms:	2

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.395
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	3.272
Fsp3:	0.95
Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected
GSK Rule:	Rejected
BMS Rule:	1
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected
Chelating Alert:	0
PAINS Alert:	0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.609
MDCK Permeability:	1.7529177057440393e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.001
Pgp-substrate:	0.0
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.002
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.062
30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.14

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.162
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	99.35175323486328%
Volume Distribution (VD):	0.717
Pgp-substrate:	2.103557586669922%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.209
CYP1A2-substrate:	0.197
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.143
CYP2C19-substrate:	0.667
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.419
CYP2C9-substrate:	0.987
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.005
CYP2D6-substrate:	0.031
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.029
CYP3A4-substrate:	0.045

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):	3.326
Half-life (T1/2):	0.356

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.006
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.143
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.331
AMES Toxicity:	0.002
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.021
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.066
Skin Sensitization:	0.943
Carcinogencity:	0.05
Eye Corrosion:	0.975
Eye Irritation:	0.967
Respiratory Toxicity:	0.639

Download Data

Data Type	Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties
Structure MOL file
Source Organisms
Biological Activities
Similar NPs/Drugs

Natural Product: NPC477878

Natural Product ID:	NPC477878
*Common Name:**	(7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic acid
IUPAC Name:	(7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic acid
Synonyms:	Phytanic Acid
Standard InCHIKey:	RLCKHJSFHOZMDR-PWCSWUJKSA-N
Standard InCHI:	InChI=1S/C20H40O2/c1-16(2)9-6-10-17(3)11-7-12-18(4)13-8-14-19(5)15-20(21)22/h16-19H,6-15H2,1-5H3,(H,21,22)/t17-,18-,19?/m1/s1
SMILES:	C[C@@H](CCC[C@@H](C)CCCC(C)CC(=O)O)CCCC(C)C
Synthetic Gene Cluster:	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:	n.a.
PubChem CID:	468706
Chemical Classification:**	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0001551] Diterpenoids [CHEMONTID:0001357] Acyclic diterpenoids

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16562834]
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	fruit	n.a.	PMID[24155209]
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24959987]
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[25302569]
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO8187	Schisandra chinensis	Species	Schisandraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	NP ID	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
ED50	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Individual Protein	1

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT546	Individual Protein	Retinoid X receptor alpha	Homo sapiens	ED50	=	3	nM	PMID[24959987]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC477878 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	477
0.1-0.2	6700
0.2-0.3	18569
0.3-0.4	9662
0.4-0.5	5837
0.5-0.6	1196
0.6-0.7	172
0.7-0.8	56
0.8-0.85	13
0.85-0.9	10
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	5

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC324793
0.9773	High Similarity	NPC21844
0.9545	High Similarity	NPC314679
0.9318	High Similarity	NPC55023
0.898	High Similarity	NPC72722
0.8636	High Similarity	NPC171736
0.8636	High Similarity	NPC307783
0.8636	High Similarity	NPC216630
0.8636	High Similarity	NPC196924
0.8636	High Similarity	NPC149184
0.8636	High Similarity	NPC325452
0.8636	High Similarity	NPC209970
0.8636	High Similarity	NPC248763
0.8444	Intermediate Similarity	NPC67462
0.8261	Intermediate Similarity	NPC74845
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC14227
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC3531
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC154186
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC301696
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC201844
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC301585
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC279026
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC261080
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC113928
0.8085	Intermediate Similarity	NPC8219
0.7917	Intermediate Similarity	NPC12438
0.7917	Intermediate Similarity	NPC30195
0.7872	Intermediate Similarity	NPC19305
0.7872	Intermediate Similarity	NPC255837
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPC183424
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPC294085
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPC214610
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPC118968
0.7755	Intermediate Similarity	NPC249754
0.7755	Intermediate Similarity	NPC324004
0.7755	Intermediate Similarity	NPC328497
0.7727	Intermediate Similarity	NPC252843
0.7679	Intermediate Similarity	NPC470363
0.7679	Intermediate Similarity	NPC469924
0.766	Intermediate Similarity	NPC71317
0.766	Intermediate Similarity	NPC129972
0.766	Intermediate Similarity	NPC301528
0.7647	Intermediate Similarity	NPC305182
0.7609	Intermediate Similarity	NPC12156
0.7609	Intermediate Similarity	NPC161097
0.7609	Intermediate Similarity	NPC28598
0.76	Intermediate Similarity	NPC106872
0.7586	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474552
0.7556	Intermediate Similarity	NPC268826
0.7551	Intermediate Similarity	NPC308301
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC155263
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC317128
0.7447	Intermediate Similarity	NPC103286
0.7447	Intermediate Similarity	NPC163746
0.7414	Intermediate Similarity	NPC469923
0.7414	Intermediate Similarity	NPC174560
0.7414	Intermediate Similarity	NPC125312
0.7368	Intermediate Similarity	NPC475821
0.7333	Intermediate Similarity	NPC230047
0.7333	Intermediate Similarity	NPC19311
0.7333	Intermediate Similarity	NPC476330
0.7308	Intermediate Similarity	NPC90904
0.7292	Intermediate Similarity	NPC236579
0.7292	Intermediate Similarity	NPC203531
0.7288	Intermediate Similarity	NPC235788
0.7273	Intermediate Similarity	NPC156630
0.7241	Intermediate Similarity	NPC469921
0.7213	Intermediate Similarity	NPC241949
0.7213	Intermediate Similarity	NPC42060
0.7174	Intermediate Similarity	NPC305660
0.7174	Intermediate Similarity	NPC54980
0.7174	Intermediate Similarity	NPC201622
0.7174	Intermediate Similarity	NPC22903
0.717	Intermediate Similarity	NPC314084
0.7167	Intermediate Similarity	NPC314103
0.7115	Intermediate Similarity	NPC304162
0.7115	Intermediate Similarity	NPC26253
0.7115	Intermediate Similarity	NPC476469
0.7111	Intermediate Similarity	NPC134782
0.7097	Intermediate Similarity	NPC41542
0.7097	Intermediate Similarity	NPC286842
0.7091	Intermediate Similarity	NPC87394
0.7091	Intermediate Similarity	NPC319589
0.7069	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472019
0.7069	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472020
0.7069	Intermediate Similarity	NPC226602
0.7049	Intermediate Similarity	NPC469791
0.7021	Intermediate Similarity	NPC31551
0.7021	Intermediate Similarity	NPC219536
0.7021	Intermediate Similarity	NPC221022
0.7	Intermediate Similarity	NPC47363
0.7	Intermediate Similarity	NPC287231
0.7	Intermediate Similarity	NPC469781
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC36616
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC319007
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC82315
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC31187
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC281203
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC100917
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC469724
0.6984	Remote Similarity	NPC290445
0.6949	Remote Similarity	NPC472021
0.6935	Remote Similarity	NPC268736
0.6935	Remote Similarity	NPC477931
0.6923	Remote Similarity	NPC200618
0.6923	Remote Similarity	NPC131770
0.6923	Remote Similarity	NPC13105
0.6885	Remote Similarity	NPC53642
0.6885	Remote Similarity	NPC234767
0.6885	Remote Similarity	NPC470325
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC474962
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC252032
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC319671
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC469941
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC250028
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC149299
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC40597
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC476734
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC165533
0.6875	Remote Similarity	NPC256163
0.6863	Remote Similarity	NPC282440
0.6852	Remote Similarity	NPC470410
0.6852	Remote Similarity	NPC470412
0.6825	Remote Similarity	NPC469925
0.6825	Remote Similarity	NPC130459
0.6825	Remote Similarity	NPC478180
0.6825	Remote Similarity	NPC474221
0.6818	Remote Similarity	NPC175342
0.6809	Remote Similarity	NPC73245
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC154245
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC424
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC87564
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC25417
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC6095
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC88966
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC281972
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC85813
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC32467
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC290563
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC261831
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC320588
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC469937
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC53463
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPC23155
0.6769	Remote Similarity	NPC108131
0.6769	Remote Similarity	NPC477929
0.6769	Remote Similarity	NPC91369
0.6769	Remote Similarity	NPC470268
0.6735	Remote Similarity	NPC53541
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC476614
0.6719	Remote Similarity	NPC470956
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC223249
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC80234
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC469940
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC160817
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC72343
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC478227
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC302188
0.6615	Remote Similarity	NPC64466
0.6615	Remote Similarity	NPC196197
0.661	Remote Similarity	NPC329819
0.6607	Remote Similarity	NPC139029
0.6607	Remote Similarity	NPC1813
0.6607	Remote Similarity	NPC36061
0.6607	Remote Similarity	NPC70387
0.6607	Remote Similarity	NPC321062
0.6607	Remote Similarity	NPC294548
0.6604	Remote Similarity	NPC180534
0.66	Remote Similarity	NPC289686
0.6596	Remote Similarity	NPC158179
0.6596	Remote Similarity	NPC177022
0.6591	Remote Similarity	NPC280532
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC51249
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC473775
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC36310
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC475232
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC473699
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC474100
0.6567	Remote Similarity	NPC475260
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPC476626
0.6562	Remote Similarity	NPC472875
0.6557	Remote Similarity	NPC469922
0.6552	Remote Similarity	NPC477201
0.6552	Remote Similarity	NPC18951
0.6545	Remote Similarity	NPC100096
0.6538	Remote Similarity	NPC166287
0.6531	Remote Similarity	NPC160261
0.6531	Remote Similarity	NPC469759
0.6515	Remote Similarity	NPC477850
0.6508	Remote Similarity	NPC215987
0.6508	Remote Similarity	NPC61473
0.6508	Remote Similarity	NPC306805
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC46610
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC76051
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC280026
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC477930
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC167702
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC18819
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC255168
0.6462	Remote Similarity	NPC476629

Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC477878 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	787
0.1-0.2	4569
0.2-0.3	2467
0.3-0.4	880
0.4-0.5	313
0.5-0.6	93
0.6-0.7	22
0.7-0.8	10
0.8-0.85	6
0.85-0.9	2
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.9545	High Similarity	NPD634	Phase 3
0.9167	High Similarity	NPD3186	Phase 1
0.8636	High Similarity	NPD2270	Approved
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9448	Phase 2
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9450	Approved
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPD633	Phase 3
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPD77	Approved
0.8085	Intermediate Similarity	NPD3199	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.8077	Intermediate Similarity	NPD615	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.8077	Intermediate Similarity	NPD3729	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.8043	Intermediate Similarity	NPD387	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.8	Intermediate Similarity	NPD3198	Approved
0.7955	Intermediate Similarity	NPD3206	Approved
0.7778	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9655	Approved
0.7727	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9449	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7458	Intermediate Similarity	NPD7909	Approved
0.7273	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9447	Approved
0.7234	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9635	Discontinued
0.717	Intermediate Similarity	NPD9638	Phase 2
0.7	Intermediate Similarity	NPD2699	Approved
0.6935	Remote Similarity	NPD4224	Phase 2
0.6923	Remote Similarity	NPD2266	Phase 2
0.6833	Remote Similarity	NPD9676	Phase 3
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPD4266	Approved
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPD3730	Approved
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPD3196	Approved
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPD3194	Approved
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPD3195	Phase 2
0.6786	Remote Similarity	NPD3728	Approved
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPD9656	Approved
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPD6081	Approved
0.6607	Remote Similarity	NPD3172	Approved
0.6604	Remote Similarity	NPD622	Approved
0.6538	Remote Similarity	NPD9431	Approved
0.6538	Remote Similarity	NPD9430	Approved
0.6508	Remote Similarity	NPD7341	Phase 2
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPD6113	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6441	Remote Similarity	NPD9439	Approved
0.6441	Remote Similarity	NPD9438	Approved
0.6406	Remote Similarity	NPD375	Phase 2
0.6379	Remote Similarity	NPD9454	Approved
0.6296	Remote Similarity	NPD6125	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6286	Remote Similarity	NPD6117	Approved
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPD3171	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPD28	Approved
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPD29	Approved
0.6212	Remote Similarity	NPD5361	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6212	Remote Similarity	NPD5360	Phase 3
0.6197	Remote Similarity	NPD6116	Phase 1
0.6154	Remote Similarity	NPD7331	Phase 2
0.6143	Remote Similarity	NPD3702	Approved
0.6143	Remote Similarity	NPD2257	Approved
0.6122	Remote Similarity	NPD9513	Phase 1
0.6119	Remote Similarity	NPD3726	Approved
0.6119	Remote Similarity	NPD3725	Approved
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPD6114	Approved
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPD6697	Approved
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPD6115	Approved
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPD4238	Approved
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPD4802	Phase 2
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPD6118	Approved
0.6029	Remote Similarity	NPD4789	Approved
0.6029	Remote Similarity	NPD4245	Approved
0.6029	Remote Similarity	NPD4244	Approved
0.5946	Remote Similarity	NPD5368	Approved
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPD4808	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPD5777	Approved
0.5942	Remote Similarity	NPD4809	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5926	Remote Similarity	NPD386	Approved
0.5926	Remote Similarity	NPD388	Approved
0.5893	Remote Similarity	NPD3173	Approved
0.589	Remote Similarity	NPD5784	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPD3698	Phase 2
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPD3699	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPD3700	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5867	Remote Similarity	NPD5369	Approved
0.5846	Remote Similarity	NPD3197	Phase 1
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPD6435	Approved
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPD4269	Approved
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPD4270	Approved
0.5745	Remote Similarity	NPD5383	Approved
0.5745	Remote Similarity	NPD2272	Approved
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD4280	Approved
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD4758	Discontinued
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD7154	Phase 3
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPD5362	Discontinued
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPD7918	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPD7917	Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPD3732	Approved
0.5672	Remote Similarity	NPD9421	Phase 1
0.566	Remote Similarity	NPD1462	Approved
0.5645	Remote Similarity	NPD4279	Approved
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPD8857	Approved

Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data