Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  294.26
Volume:  340.931
LogP:  6.66
LogD:  4.074
LogS:  -4.583
# Rotatable Bonds:  15
TPSA:  37.3
# H-Bond Aceptor:  2
# H-Bond Donor:  1
# Rings:  1
# Heavy Atoms:  2

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.286
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  2.382
Fsp3:  0.842
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Rejected
GSK Rule:  Rejected
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Accepted
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -5.069
MDCK Permeability:  2.1520050722756423e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.053
Pgp-substrate:  0.0
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.003
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.77
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.139

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.056
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  96.98860931396484%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.967
Pgp-substrate:  0.6273245215415955%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.232
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.186
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.173
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.066
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.231
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.987
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.008
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.077
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.059
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.025

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  2.059
Half-life (T1/2):  0.582

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.03
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.027
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.355
AMES Toxicity:  0.004
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.016
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.015
Skin Sensitization:  0.927
Carcinogencity:  0.094
Eye Corrosion:  0.887
Eye Irritation:  0.948
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.489

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Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC87394

Natural Product ID:  NPC87394
Common Name*:   8-(2-Octylcyclopropen-1-Yl)Octanoic Acid
IUPAC Name:   8-(2-octylcyclopropen-1-yl)octanoic acid
Synonyms:  
Standard InCHIKey:  PQRKPYLNZGDCFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C19H34O2/c1-2-3-4-5-7-10-13-17-16-18(17)14-11-8-6-9-12-15-19(20)21/h2-16H2,1H3,(H,20,21)
SMILES:  CCCCCCCCC1=C(C1)CCCCCCCC(=O)O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL3677268
PubChem CID:   12921
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0003909] Fatty Acyls
        • [CHEMONTID:0000262] Fatty acids and conjugates
          • [CHEMONTID:0003086] Medium-chain fatty acids

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO29062 Hibiscus syriacus Species Malvaceae Eukaryota root bark n.a. n.a. PMID[10346965]
NPO29062 Hibiscus syriacus Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. root n.a. PMID[10617409]
NPO29062 Hibiscus syriacus Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[11575966]
NPO12068 Firmiana simplex Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[16124753]
NPO10224 Operculina turpethum Species Convolvulaceae Eukaryota n.a. aerial part n.a. PMID[21866900]
NPO29062 Hibiscus syriacus Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO12068 Firmiana simplex Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO1792 Terminalia calamansanay Species Combretaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO12068 Firmiana simplex Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO22636 Sterculia foetida Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO878 Hannoa undulata Species Simaroubaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO29062 Hibiscus syriacus Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO22636 Sterculia foetida Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO12068 Firmiana simplex Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO29062 Hibiscus syriacus Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO29062 Hibiscus syriacus Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO9714 Symphyopappus compressus Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO878 Hannoa undulata Species Simaroubaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12097 Prumnopitys ferruginea Species Podocarpaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12571 Monanthotaxis congoensis Species Annonaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1288 Phora scalaris Species Phoridae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2076 Coffea bengalensis Species Rubiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1792 Terminalia calamansanay Species Combretaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1572.1 Artemisia dracunculus var. glauca Varieties Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO12068 Firmiana simplex Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO10224 Operculina turpethum Species Convolvulaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO22636 Sterculia foetida Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO29062 Hibiscus syriacus Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13374 Primula grandiflora Species Primulaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT4018 Individual Protein Acyl-CoA desaturase Homo sapiens IC50 = 300 nM Patent: US8962837 B2
NPT4018 Individual Protein Acyl-CoA desaturase Homo sapiens IC50 = 300.0 nM PMID[478301]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC87394 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.8519 High Similarity NPC281972
0.8519 High Similarity NPC87564
0.8519 High Similarity NPC290563
0.8519 High Similarity NPC424
0.8519 High Similarity NPC261831
0.8519 High Similarity NPC32467
0.8519 High Similarity NPC154245
0.8519 High Similarity NPC88966
0.8519 High Similarity NPC6095
0.8519 High Similarity NPC85813
0.8519 High Similarity NPC25417
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC70387
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC321062
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC1813
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC294548
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC139029
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC36061
0.8214 Intermediate Similarity NPC477201
0.8214 Intermediate Similarity NPC18951
0.8148 Intermediate Similarity NPC92114
0.8148 Intermediate Similarity NPC281245
0.7963 Intermediate Similarity NPC262968
0.7895 Intermediate Similarity NPC187777
0.7895 Intermediate Similarity NPC179764
0.7797 Intermediate Similarity NPC274927
0.7797 Intermediate Similarity NPC106851
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC59051
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPC224227
0.7759 Intermediate Similarity NPC225929
0.7719 Intermediate Similarity NPC274290
0.7719 Intermediate Similarity NPC473863
0.7719 Intermediate Similarity NPC54766
0.7679 Intermediate Similarity NPC39633
0.7679 Intermediate Similarity NPC309606
0.7679 Intermediate Similarity NPC139545
0.7667 Intermediate Similarity NPC243532
0.7636 Intermediate Similarity NPC470412
0.7636 Intermediate Similarity NPC470410
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC209970
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC307783
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC149184
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC171736
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC196924
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC216630
0.7593 Intermediate Similarity NPC5413
0.7593 Intermediate Similarity NPC149821
0.7581 Intermediate Similarity NPC68343
0.7581 Intermediate Similarity NPC328089
0.7541 Intermediate Similarity NPC125312
0.7541 Intermediate Similarity NPC174560
0.7541 Intermediate Similarity NPC201939
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPC67462
0.7414 Intermediate Similarity NPC200845
0.7414 Intermediate Similarity NPC10316
0.7414 Intermediate Similarity NPC228473
0.7414 Intermediate Similarity NPC223677
0.7414 Intermediate Similarity NPC28779
0.7414 Intermediate Similarity NPC128061
0.7407 Intermediate Similarity NPC180534
0.7407 Intermediate Similarity NPC207292
0.7407 Intermediate Similarity NPC91495
0.7377 Intermediate Similarity NPC122521
0.7377 Intermediate Similarity NPC174447
0.7377 Intermediate Similarity NPC235242
0.7377 Intermediate Similarity NPC251042
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPC74845
0.7302 Intermediate Similarity NPC234767
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC328776
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC320305
0.7258 Intermediate Similarity NPC40082
0.7222 Intermediate Similarity NPC21844
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPC279026
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPC113928
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPC154186
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPC301696
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPC14227
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPC261080
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPC201844
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPC301585
0.7193 Intermediate Similarity NPC18357
0.7188 Intermediate Similarity NPC318420
0.7188 Intermediate Similarity NPC245947
0.7188 Intermediate Similarity NPC326268
0.7188 Intermediate Similarity NPC136164
0.7188 Intermediate Similarity NPC255863
0.717 Intermediate Similarity NPC8219
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPC477707
0.7091 Intermediate Similarity NPC477878
0.7091 Intermediate Similarity NPC324793
0.7077 Intermediate Similarity NPC308294
0.7077 Intermediate Similarity NPC142423
0.7069 Intermediate Similarity NPC71761
0.7059 Intermediate Similarity NPC160817
0.7049 Intermediate Similarity NPC267817
0.7049 Intermediate Similarity NPC34416
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC12438
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC117572
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC30195
0.7031 Intermediate Similarity NPC7029
0.7031 Intermediate Similarity NPC470320
0.7018 Intermediate Similarity NPC284212
0.7018 Intermediate Similarity NPC48162
0.7018 Intermediate Similarity NPC28205
0.7015 Intermediate Similarity NPC317583
0.6984 Remote Similarity NPC321838
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPC19305
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPC255837
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC476626
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC127091
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC148192
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC271921
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC99619
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC26500
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC104537
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC330426
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC472875
0.697 Remote Similarity NPC22101
0.6957 Remote Similarity NPC144419
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC61473
0.6909 Remote Similarity NPC324004
0.6909 Remote Similarity NPC328497
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPC53109
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPC143168
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPC477830
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC53302
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC476614
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC141481
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC48218
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC473559
0.6866 Remote Similarity NPC324981
0.6863 Remote Similarity NPC118968
0.6863 Remote Similarity NPC214610
0.6863 Remote Similarity NPC294085
0.6863 Remote Similarity NPC183424
0.6857 Remote Similarity NPC227396
0.6852 Remote Similarity NPC55023
0.6833 Remote Similarity NPC52264
0.6825 Remote Similarity NPC143857
0.6825 Remote Similarity NPC229252
0.6792 Remote Similarity NPC71317
0.6792 Remote Similarity NPC129972
0.6792 Remote Similarity NPC301528
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC216130
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC106872
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPC329819
0.6769 Remote Similarity NPC226592
0.6765 Remote Similarity NPC67608
0.6761 Remote Similarity NPC476844
0.6731 Remote Similarity NPC12156
0.6731 Remote Similarity NPC28598
0.6731 Remote Similarity NPC161097
0.6727 Remote Similarity NPC314679
0.6721 Remote Similarity NPC325977
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC60120
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC475443
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC473829
0.6716 Remote Similarity NPC278895
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC317128
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC67183
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC42526
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC268826
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC89294
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC270796
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC137538
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC476660
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC475310
0.6622 Remote Similarity NPC158846
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC237591
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC251970
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC3753
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC103958
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC283908
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC476046
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC161923
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC241854
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC301065
0.662 Remote Similarity NPC183503
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC290445
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC263382
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC36616
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC477452
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC125578
0.6618 Remote Similarity NPC146376
0.6615 Remote Similarity NPC54925
0.6613 Remote Similarity NPC192843
0.6613 Remote Similarity NPC323498
0.6613 Remote Similarity NPC323597
0.6613 Remote Similarity NPC211752
0.661 Remote Similarity NPC216407
0.661 Remote Similarity NPC161366
0.6604 Remote Similarity NPC163746
0.6604 Remote Similarity NPC103286
0.66 Remote Similarity NPC155263
0.6575 Remote Similarity NPC471899
0.6575 Remote Similarity NPC107039
0.6575 Remote Similarity NPC471897
0.6571 Remote Similarity NPC320669
0.6571 Remote Similarity NPC29328
0.6571 Remote Similarity NPC288667
0.6571 Remote Similarity NPC318814

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC87394 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.8519 High Similarity NPD4266 Approved
0.8519 High Similarity NPD3195 Phase 2
0.8519 High Similarity NPD3196 Approved
0.8519 High Similarity NPD3194 Approved
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPD3172 Approved
0.7963 Intermediate Similarity NPD28 Approved
0.7963 Intermediate Similarity NPD29 Approved
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPD2270 Approved
0.7593 Intermediate Similarity NPD3173 Approved
0.7407 Intermediate Similarity NPD622 Approved
0.7302 Intermediate Similarity NPD3197 Phase 1
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPD633 Phase 3
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPD9448 Phase 2
0.717 Intermediate Similarity NPD3199 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPD3174 Discontinued
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPD4222 Approved
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPD39 Approved
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPD3206 Approved
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPD7341 Phase 2
0.6897 Remote Similarity NPD3186 Phase 1
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPD2664 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6863 Remote Similarity NPD9655 Approved
0.6818 Remote Similarity NPD7331 Phase 2
0.6727 Remote Similarity NPD634 Phase 3
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPD5326 Phase 3
0.6567 Remote Similarity NPD3704 Approved
0.6562 Remote Similarity NPD4246 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6393 Remote Similarity NPD3729 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6351 Remote Similarity NPD4756 Discovery
0.629 Remote Similarity NPD4627 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6267 Remote Similarity NPD3732 Approved
0.625 Remote Similarity NPD2699 Approved
0.6207 Remote Similarity NPD5343 Approved
0.6182 Remote Similarity NPD387 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6129 Remote Similarity NPD3730 Approved
0.6129 Remote Similarity NPD3728 Approved
0.6104 Remote Similarity NPD5368 Approved
0.6087 Remote Similarity NPD6108 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6081 Remote Similarity NPD8039 Approved
0.6076 Remote Similarity NPD7154 Phase 3
0.6076 Remote Similarity NPD5362 Discontinued
0.6071 Remote Similarity NPD9411 Phase 1
0.6053 Remote Similarity NPD5784 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6026 Remote Similarity NPD5369 Approved
0.6 Remote Similarity NPD4247 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5949 Remote Similarity NPD6435 Approved
0.5949 Remote Similarity NPD4269 Approved
0.5949 Remote Similarity NPD4270 Approved
0.5926 Remote Similarity NPD77 Approved
0.5926 Remote Similarity NPD9450 Approved
0.5909 Remote Similarity NPD3198 Approved
0.5902 Remote Similarity NPD6927 Phase 3
0.5897 Remote Similarity NPD4252 Approved
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPD615 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD9430 Approved
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPD9431 Approved
0.5844 Remote Similarity NPD4268 Approved
0.5844 Remote Similarity NPD4271 Approved
0.5823 Remote Similarity NPD857 Phase 3
0.5765 Remote Similarity NPD6698 Approved
0.5765 Remote Similarity NPD46 Approved
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPD6109 Phase 1
0.5732 Remote Similarity NPD5363 Approved
0.5696 Remote Similarity NPD4819 Approved
0.5696 Remote Similarity NPD4821 Approved
0.5696 Remote Similarity NPD4822 Approved
0.5696 Remote Similarity NPD5790 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5696 Remote Similarity NPD4820 Approved
0.569 Remote Similarity NPD6096 Approved
0.569 Remote Similarity NPD6097 Approved
0.5679 Remote Similarity NPD5332 Approved
0.5679 Remote Similarity NPD5331 Approved
0.5667 Remote Similarity NPD2266 Phase 2
0.5667 Remote Similarity NPD6125 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5663 Remote Similarity NPD5786 Approved
0.5663 Remote Similarity NPD6422 Discontinued
0.5647 Remote Similarity NPD7285 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5647 Remote Similarity NPD6101 Approved
0.5647 Remote Similarity NPD5346 Phase 2
0.5647 Remote Similarity NPD5347 Phase 2
0.5647 Remote Similarity NPD5764 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5645 Remote Similarity NPD9638 Phase 2
0.5641 Remote Similarity NPD3617 Approved
0.5636 Remote Similarity NPD5783 Phase 3
0.5625 Remote Similarity NPD4790 Discontinued

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data