Organism Name: Rhododendron dauricum

Organism ID:   NPO21072
Organism Name:   Rhododendron dauricum
Native / Engineered Organism:   Native Organism
Matched Taxonomy Level:   Species
Organism External ID:   NCBI_Taxonomy_ID[ 880079]
Organism Synonyms:  
Genus:   Rhododendron
Family:   Ericaceae
Kingdom:   Viridiplantae
SuperKingdom:   Eukaryota

  Individual Natural Products

Natural Product ID Prefer Name (or InChiKey) IUPAC Name Number of Targets Number of Activity Records
NPC20742 BOTWFXYSPFMFNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC27208 Gossypetin 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7,8-tetrahydroxychromen-4-one 37 53
NPC212965 Daurichromene D (2R)-2-[(3E,7E)-9-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl]-2,7-dimethylchromen-5-ol 1 1
NPC18074 (-)-Rosmarinic Acid (2S)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropanoic acid 1 1
NPC29342 Grayanotoxin I n.a. 4 4
NPC116775 Kaempferol 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 208 612
NPC282987 Gossypetin-8-Glucoside 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 3 3
NPC243083 Pinocembrin (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 46 120
NPC61779 P-Anisic Acid 4-methoxybenzoic acid 12 53
NPC301972 3,7-Dimethyl-10-(1-Methylethylidene)Cyclodeca-3,7-Dien-1-One (3E,7E)-3,7-dimethyl-10-propan-2-ylidenecyclodeca-3,7-dien-1-one 2 4
NPC169749 Myricetin 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 266 731
NPC173638 OXGUCUVFOIWWQJ-HQBVPOQASA-M n.a. 0 0
NPC302857 Chlorogenic Acid (1S,3R,4R,5R)-3-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-1,4,5-trihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 68 174
NPC37595 BRYHBHIVFOXTSH-GOYGXENFSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC202497 QJHPTOGFYPFVNS-LOJWWPGCSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC120638 Daurichromene A (2R)-2-[(3E)-7-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,8-dienyl]-2,7-dimethylchromen-5-ol 1 1
NPC270465 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-Dihydroxy-5-Methoxychromen-4-One 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-5-methoxychromen-4-one 5 11
NPC300138 UTJJFHJHTZKQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC19721 (2R,3R)-3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-Trihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One (2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 14 26
NPC37139 Daurichromenic Acid (2S)-2-[(3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl]-5-hydroxy-2,7-dimethylchromene-6-carboxylic acid 3 3
NPC12640 Grifolin 5-methyl-2-[(2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienyl]benzene-1,3-diol 4 4
NPC252928 BDCDNTVZSILEOY-HMPASCQOSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC64370 Tetradecane tetradecane 3 4
NPC256642 ZKTLRZDTNYOLPZ-ACEIYJSQSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC107166 UYLFTJMQPWWDCW-MHWRWJLKSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC255662 MIJYXULNPSFWEK-ZZAAMMQTSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC88445 Isoimperatorin 4-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one 26 40
NPC2572 NXCYBYJXCJWMRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 53 53
NPC30506 Dihydroresveratrol 5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol 73 93
NPC275463 OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-HBDJNLTOSA-M n.a. 0 0
NPC137294 Daurichromene C (2R)-2-[(3E,6Z)-8-hydroxy-4,8-dimethylnona-3,6-dienyl]-2,7-dimethylchromen-5-ol 1 1
NPC270044 4-Hydroxy-9-(2-Methylbut-3-En-2-Yl)Furo[3,2-G]Chromen-7-One 4-hydroxy-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one 9 13
NPC71811 IGHNHLWYXDJPIB-UYSNPLJNSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC295295 Orcinol 5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol 12 23
NPC37108 BRYHBHIVFOXTSH-XVQHICQFSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC131397 Daurichromene B (2R)-2-(3-hydroxy-8-methyl-4-methylidenenon-7-enyl)-2,7-dimethylchromen-5-ol 1 1
NPC173637 Quercitrin 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 53 124
NPC154477 Hexadecane hexadecane 6 11
NPC327719 CAULGCQHVOVVRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC110899 Syringic Acid 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid 33 50
NPC273832 FAMPSKZZVDUYOS-OLXWZMHJSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC290294 QAPQWXBHYXLWTP-USOFNBIVSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC110989 Fastigiliin B [(1S,3aS,4R,5S,5aS,8aR,9S,9aS)-4-hydroxy-1,5,8a-trimethyl-2,8-dioxo-3a,4,5,5a,9,9a-hexahydro-1H-azuleno[6,5-b]furan-9-yl] 3-methylbut-2-enoate 2 3
NPC185807 QMUXVPRGNJLGRT-YHXFWVCCSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC192330 VIAZDVYHRVWLBY-WGEXYRNESA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC85895 Confluentin (2R)-2-[(3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-3,7-dienyl]-2,7-dimethylchromen-5-ol 5 5
NPC260491 (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 16 16
NPC142319 Arbutin (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol 35 207
NPC68903 ATTPXNCCXYEULE-JOBJWGHLSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC294902 Caffeic Acid (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid 219 596
NPC246162 (+)-Taxifolin (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 90 222
NPC10251 Dibutyl Phthalate dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate 21 36
NPC29883 Paraben 4-oxoniobenzoate 78 176
NPC257182 3-Coumaric Acid (E)-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid 21 29
NPC313528 FEBLZLNTKCEFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 9 17
NPC306990 BOTWFXYSPFMFNR-QYLFUYDXSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC166482 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-6,8-Dimethyl-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 6 6
NPC281131 Hyperoside 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 58 115
NPC261811 RXSCXEUVYFNQRS-RVBPXUEISA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC36835 Taxifolin 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 44 81
NPC318988 DYEQPYSFRWUNNV-MIGSVPMKSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC76336 Scopoletin 7-hydroxy-6-methoxychromen-2-one 177 342
NPC187432 Galangin 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one 106 225
NPC89939 LDPWDXLYZCXUCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC32817 WBGKMAVZYFBMQE-WFASDCNBSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC171988 ZGPJMFUBGMSEDV-OLQHVUIGSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC32441 Naringenin (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 142 327
NPC247553 Umbelliferone 7-hydroxychromen-2-one 147 285
NPC196166 UYLFTJMQPWWDCW-YBEGLDIGSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC141078 DFPMSGMNTNDNHN-BRZCDTLOSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC138117 (-)-Rhododendrol 4-[(3R)-3-hydroxybutyl]phenol 1 2
NPC32977 Cis-P-Coumaric Acid (Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid 2 2
NPC86698 FBUJYYRONHLNQF-JTGGRASYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC147261 QGQGKHZTMNLPGI-MJXNMMHHSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC256947 NXCYBYJXCJWMRY-RSJQAJMGSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC246679 O-Coumaric Acid (E)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid 38 60
NPC13991 Alpha-Pinene 4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene 16 59
NPC200129 CQUAYTJDLQBXCQ-NHYWBVRUSA-N n.a. 1 9
NPC182102 3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadec-2-En-1-Ol (E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol 5 6
NPC70744 Ferulic Acid (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid 146 590
NPC324386 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-6-Methyl-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 24 33
NPC157781 Alpha-Bisabolol (2S)-6-methyl-2-[(1S)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]hept-5-en-2-ol 25 130
NPC79943 5,7-Dihydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 35 59
NPC303810 RXKAJVPBSTXEAH-UGKGYDQZSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC287349 DFPMSGMNTNDNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC245858 UPVZPMJSRSWJHQ-HTXSYXIBSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC137816 DFPMSGMNTNDNHN-CSBXLKJISA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC1075 (Z)-3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)Prop-2-Enoic Acid (Z)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid 9 19
NPC225710 Gallic Acid 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid 146 467
NPC61506 (2R)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One (2R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 5 6
NPC279121 Luteolin 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one 269 872
NPC226893 VIAZDVYHRVWLBY-YKXVBRIPSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC147195 DULMPJSGUZGBLO-YFKVFLQUSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC210877 KABGCWRGCBCLOH-YFVJAWDISA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC50898 Apigenin 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one 399 1052
NPC71703 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IENPIDJESA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC74458 Benzylacetone 4-phenylbutan-2-one 9 14
NPC81010 Coumaric Acid (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid 85 213
NPC79559 IOHOQAZXFQHSCD-HSBSEGFUSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC134985 LYXITZQJPFABBF-ZZAMHKPASA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC95675 VLXDPFLIRFYIME-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC156654 Protocatechuic Acid 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 81 181
NPC13768 (R)-Pinocembrin (2R)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 10 12
NPC159431 WZLRGCNVNAHRNP-KYFCDRMLSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC176740 Rutin 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 103 333
NPC152538 DFPMSGMNTNDNHN-JJLSSNRUSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC246469 (2S)-7-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-Methyloxan-2-Yl)Oxyoxan-2-Yl]Oxy-5-Hydroxy-2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-Dihydrochromen-4-One (2S)-7-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 57 57
NPC83406 CLACQPZPBZLUQK-ZQSAPXNLSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC142415 Oleanolic_Acid (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid 174 689
NPC7568 NPNUFJAVOOONJE-ZIAGYGMSSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC89088 DFPMSGMNTNDNHN-KTEXIAFXSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC76744 UVIVWIFUPKGWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 12 12
NPC293368 NBKPNAMTHBIMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC121322 ITYNGVSTWVVPIC-NDKCEZKHSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC38751 BOTWFXYSPFMFNR-HKWRFOASSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC311485 FTVWIRXFELQLPI-CYBMUJFWSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC203467 KJXSIXMJHKAJOD-CABCVRRESA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC26960 Trans-Phytol (E,7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol 19 27
NPC206800 Cinnamic Acid (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid 72 183
NPC302950 Hesperetin (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 80 174
NPC111888 Vanillic Acid 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid 45 104
NPC196871 NXCYBYJXCJWMRY-AOKPVCRJSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC283364 GWEOEXZUNIIACT-ZSRFRPKPSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC287335 ITYNGVSTWVVPIC-XBIUQDLISA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC167976 CWVRJTMFETXNAD-XYXZIBEBSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC317111 OVSQVDMCBVZWGM-MVBIBXSTSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC168743 BXLDHJZMXSUDLD-PXIVCPSUSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC67037 Avicularin 3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one 15 20
NPC67380 OZVBAFBRWKCCHV-BPNCWPANSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC7555 GWEOEXZUNIIACT-QMYPXSFVSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC78540 Chrysin 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one 224 584
NPC249815 ITYNGVSTWVVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC191527 MPIBOQKDJNGGSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC171280 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC65517 Hydroquinone benzene-1,4-diol 111 557
NPC280790 OPJZLUXFQFQYAI-KJWNNRNJSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC114239 1R-(+)-Alpha-Pinene (1R,5R)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-ene 12 22
NPC6984 4-Hydroxyacetophenone 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone 20 46
NPC107482 5-Hydroxymethyl-Furfural 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde 18 38
NPC232911 FKNIRWOLOYSZSG-LBUBGVBDSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC117493 BOTWFXYSPFMFNR-RTBURBONSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC145708 DFPMSGMNTNDNHN-CSIAVLANSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC52459 UVHYLUJFQSYBEK-BOFPYLFWSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC263504 MPIBOQKDJNGGSK-BPNCWPANSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC263386 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester 2-phenylethyl (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 125 382
NPC264913 FVZVOUFAYLGDFW-BOUXLOLZSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC250828 DFPMSGMNTNDNHN-ODOGPVEPSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC41715 FEVYLFPXBKQRPU-DBFNXHSOSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC4152 Pinobaksin (2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 6 19
NPC35519 (2R)-6-Methyl-2-[(1R)-4-Methylcyclohex-3-En-1-Yl]Hept-5-En-2-Ol (2R)-6-methyl-2-[(1R)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]hept-5-en-2-ol 4 12
NPC241089 2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 35 61
NPC167624 Farrerol (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 6 9
NPC277693 YAPXSYXFLHDPCK-TYGHPMQVSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC20791 Quercetin 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one 553 2064
NPC142860 Naringin (2S)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 38 69
NPC60427 KWFJIXPIFLVMPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC41464 OPJZLUXFQFQYAI-KHPGOBPMSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC271087 RGZSQWQPBWRIAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC285868 SJIYIVOHXKBNGK-UNNXFLIFSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC162822 DFPMSGMNTNDNHN-UURCFQRRSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC150031 NUKZAGXMHTUAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC325292 4-(3-Hydroxybutyl)Phenol 4-(3-hydroxybutyl)phenol 9 14
NPC61 Rosmarinic Acid (2R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxypropanoic acid 80 273
NPC13401 JKKXWHFCHUTGCO-RPZGNCTFSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC240476 (2S,3S)-3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxy Flavanonol (2S,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 2 2
NPC255615 3-[(2S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxolan-2-Yl]Oxy-2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-Dihydroxychromen-4-One 3-[(2S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one 12 13
NPC23145 (-)-Aromadendrene Ii (1aR,4aR,7R,7aR,7bS)-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylidene-2,3,4a,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1aH-cyclopropa[e]azulene 6 6
NPC253510 ZGPJMFUBGMSEDV-NYXXMEGPSA-N n.a. 0 0
NPC178134 Ellagic Acid n.a. 254 493

  NPs produced by Co-culture Organisms (for Co-culture organisms, the full organism list can be found HERE)

Organism Name Producer Organism Inducer Organism NP ID NP Name Effect of Co-culture Reference

  NPs produced by Engineered Organisms (for Engineered organisms, the full organism list can be found HERE)

Organism Name Parent Organism Name Engineered Gene in Organism Purpose of Engineering Engineering Category Engineering Description NP ID NP Name NP Yeild of Parent Organism NP Yeild of Engineered Organism Yeild Change Reference

  The Quantitative Compositions of NPs in Organism

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference