NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC7341

Natural Product ID	NPC7341
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	Ginsenoside Rh4
IUPAC Name	(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,5R,6S,8R,9R,10R,12R,13R,14R,17S)-3,12-dihydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-[(2E)-6-methylhepta-2,5-dien-2-yl]-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
Synonyms	Ginsenoside Rh4
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL504029
PubChem CID	21599928
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0002049] Terpene glycosides [CHEMONTID:0001580] Triterpene glycosides [CHEMONTID:0002358] Triterpene saponins

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 104108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -2.4704 4.9083 -1.0746 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7763 4.9094 -0.6461 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4217 3.5942 -1.0283 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7195 2.6029 -0.4220 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1792 1.2877 -0.7095 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5008 0.5542 0.2582 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5211 -0.3000 -0.2155 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2084 0.4748 0.1952 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0054 -0.3354 -0.2186 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0392 -0.4587 -1.6899 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0670 -1.5685 0.5889 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3098 -2.4060 0.4384 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5350 -1.5547 0.5762 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8239 -2.3134 0.5555 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4459 -2.5215 -0.7892 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8160 -1.5914 1.4494 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6856 -3.6943 1.1617 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5764 -4.7057 0.2315 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6215 -3.6543 2.2019 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2709 -3.3277 1.6724 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1926 -3.2694 -0.7511 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1864 -2.4342 0.5280 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2721 -1.5991 1.2356 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4608 -0.4458 0.3370 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2286 0.4304 0.2130 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9094 1.2021 1.4400 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7648 1.3818 -0.8260 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1063 1.7537 -0.1676 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5278 0.5196 0.6393 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.8929 0.0838 0.2721 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8176 -0.0179 1.2170 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.2171 -0.4455 0.9537 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.1179 0.6519 1.4136 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.9743 1.2742 0.6361 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.1038 0.9152 -0.7861 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.8310 2.3543 1.1724 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3036 -0.2603 -1.1127 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4450 -2.2962 1.3721 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.6401 1.1503 -0.4840 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4768 2.3559 -0.8489 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8309 3.6224 -0.4117 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5357 4.7303 -0.8597 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.6991 2.2259 -0.1915 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1453 0.1157 -1.3126 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8311 5.0667 -0.3564 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3620 5.7862 -0.9803 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7543 4.9862 0.4791 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4807 3.5395 -2.1156 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9203 1.0405 -1.7440 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5502 -0.3350 -1.2919 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3138 0.5404 1.2978 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1726 1.4288 -0.3231 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8275 -0.8835 -2.1913 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0983 0.5984 -2.0936 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0061 -0.9221 -2.0323 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0900 -1.2221 1.6707 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4532 -1.1892 1.6573 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5707 -2.4665 -0.6626 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.1884 -1.7959 -1.5513 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3079 -3.5794 -1.1437 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1377 -2.2500 2.3166 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7917 -1.4344 0.9104 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4203 -0.6990 1.9375 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6355 -3.9565 1.7315 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9873 -5.5518 0.4843 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9666 -2.9306 2.9909 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5732 -4.6358 2.7230 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6796 -2.8953 2.4989 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7746 -4.2883 1.4112 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2425 -3.0151 -1.3211 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9902 -4.3563 -0.4986 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9881 -3.2576 -1.4839 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5651 -2.5455 -0.5129 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0052 -3.3713 1.0471 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8143 -1.2858 2.1911 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6309 -0.8531 -0.7044 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1765 2.0079 1.1341 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7807 1.7952 1.8309 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5262 0.6188 2.2794 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0857 0.8472 -1.7688 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1417 2.2544 -1.0097 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0187 2.6476 0.4530 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8922 1.9035 -0.9323 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5193 0.7368 1.7240 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5365 0.2277 2.2587 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.4725 -1.3647 1.4788 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.3026 -0.5567 -0.1425 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0753 0.9743 2.4717 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2693 1.3433 -1.3465 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.1442 -0.1897 -0.8882 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.0628 1.3287 -1.2069 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.7519 1.9395 1.6459 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.3210 3.0001 1.8932 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.2036 3.0065 0.3345 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4609 -0.2381 -1.8278 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6828 -1.3018 -1.1190 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0950 0.3877 -1.5169 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3585 -2.8432 2.2167 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8881 0.9169 0.5739 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6190 2.4016 -1.9484 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7181 3.7225 0.6776 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.9917 5.2075 -0.0969 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3790 1.9343 -0.8191 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1261 0.1269 -1.2433 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 6 9 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 14 16 1 0 14 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 17 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 12 21 1 6 11 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 1 25 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 2 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 2 3 34 35 1 0 34 36 1 0 30 37 1 0 23 38 1 0 5 39 1 0 39 40 1 0 40 41 1 0 41 42 1 0 40 43 1 0 39 44 1 0 41 3 1 0 13 7 1 0 29 24 1 0 25 9 1 0 20 12 1 0 1 45 1 0 2 46 1 0 2 47 1 0 3 48 1 6 5 49 1 6 7 50 1 6 8 51 1 0 8 52 1 0 10 53 1 0 10 54 1 0 10 55 1 0 11 56 1 1 13 57 1 1 15 58 1 0 15 59 1 0 15 60 1 0 16 61 1 0 16 62 1 0 16 63 1 0 17 64 1 1 18 65 1 0 19 66 1 0 19 67 1 0 20 68 1 0 20 69 1 0 21 70 1 0 21 71 1 0 21 72 1 0 22 73 1 0 22 74 1 0 23 75 1 1 24 76 1 6 26 77 1 0 26 78 1 0 26 79 1 0 27 80 1 0 27 81 1 0 28 82 1 0 28 83 1 0 29 84 1 1 31 85 1 0 32 86 1 0 32 87 1 0 33 88 1 0 35 89 1 0 35 90 1 0 35 91 1 0 36 92 1 0 36 93 1 0 36 94 1 0 37 95 1 0 37 96 1 0 37 97 1 0 38 98 1 0 39 99 1 1 40100 1 6 41101 1 1 42102 1 0 43103 1 0 44104 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	OZTXYFOXQFKYRP-TXRYYSRHSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C36H60O8/c1-19(2)10-9-11-20(3)21-12-15-35(7)27(21)22(38)16-25-34(6)14-13-26(39)33(4,5)31(34)23(17-36(25,35)8)43-32-30(42)29(41)28(40)24(18-37)44-32/h10-11,21-32,37-42H,9,12-18H2,1-8H3/b20-11+/t21-,22-,23+,24-,25-,26+,27+,28-,29+,30-,31+,32-,34-,35-,36-/m1/s1
SMILES	OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2C[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@@]4([C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@@H](O)CC4)C)C[C@H]([C@H]2[C@@]3(C)CC[C@@H]2/C(=C/CC=C(C)C)/C)O)[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]1O)O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

MedChem Properties

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

ADMET: Distribution

ADMET: Metabolism

ADMET: Excretion

ADMET: Toxicity

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO20712	Panax quinquefolius	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[ 12877918]
NPO20712	Panax quinquefolius	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/j.jarmap.2018.11.004]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/j.jarmap.2018.11.004]
NPO25128	Panax vietnamensis	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	Vietnamese	n.a.	PMID[11325227]
NPO21891	Panax notoginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	Flower buds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12880307]
NPO21891	Panax notoginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	Stems	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17663584]
NPO21891	Panax notoginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	Roots	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18186611]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[18409045]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	flower buds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19926279]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[2092947]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	berry	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21216145]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24290061]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24968750]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[25152999]
NPO20712	Panax quinquefolius	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	leaves and stems	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[25442304]
NPO21891	Panax notoginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	Steamed Roots	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[26200131]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	stems-leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[26420067]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	stem	n.a.	PMID[27914541]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	Flower Buds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[28345906]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[32129622]
NPO21891	Panax notoginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20712	Panax quinquefolius	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO25128	Panax vietnamensis	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[MetaboLights]
NPO20712	Panax quinquefolius	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO21891	Panax notoginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO20712	Panax quinquefolius	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO21891	Panax notoginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]
NPO21891	Panax notoginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20712	Panax quinquefolius	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO29141	Panax ginseng	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO25128	Panax vietnamensis	Species	Araliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
Inhibition	3
Activity	3
IC50	2
Survival	3

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	10
Organism	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Inhibition	=	13.7	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Inhibition	=	67.1	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Inhibition	=	50.6	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Activity	=	8.0	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Activity	=	35.1	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Activity	=	24.8	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	IC50	=	97000.0	nM	PMID[11325227]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Survival	=	34.0	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Survival	=	50.0	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT993	Cell line	Hepatocyte	Mus musculus	Survival	=	45.0	%	PMID[11325227]
NPT32	Organism	Mus musculus	Mus musculus	IC50	=	97000.0	nM	PMID[29353722]

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC7341 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	21988
0.1-0.2	22981
0.2-0.3	4357
0.3-0.4	457
0.4-0.5	31
0.5-0.6	14
0.6-0.7	19
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	1
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8571	High Similarity	NPC136816
0.8205	Intermediate Similarity	NPC288694
0.7838	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472899
0.7838	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472898
0.7838	Intermediate Similarity	NPC609286
0.7632	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472901
0.7237	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472989
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC47566
0.7143	Intermediate Similarity	NPC129372
0.7051	Intermediate Similarity	NPC309425
0.6962	Remote Similarity	NPC114874
0.6711	Remote Similarity	NPC280825
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC131466
0.6623	Remote Similarity	NPC140446
0.6552	Remote Similarity	NPC601606
0.6548	Remote Similarity	NPC473020
0.6456	Remote Similarity	NPC473200
0.6395	Remote Similarity	NPC472252
0.6395	Remote Similarity	NPC245280
0.6375	Remote Similarity	NPC82955
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPC127801
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPC152584
0.619	Remote Similarity	NPC274833
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC159036
0.6067	Remote Similarity	NPC231340
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC16520
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC211879
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC189852
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC155010
0.5978	Remote Similarity	NPC208594
0.5795	Remote Similarity	NPC229801
0.5679	Remote Similarity	NPC473198
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPC160816
0.5618	Remote Similarity	NPC473199
0.5532	Remote Similarity	NPC286969
0.5479	Remote Similarity	NPC6978
0.5479	Remote Similarity	NPC167037
0.5435	Remote Similarity	NPC307167
0.5422	Remote Similarity	NPC66654
0.5208	Remote Similarity	NPC234160
0.5196	Remote Similarity	NPC6931
0.5176	Remote Similarity	NPC234287
0.5172	Remote Similarity	NPC160734

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC7341 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	7626
0.1-0.2	1457
0.2-0.3	64
0.3-0.4	3
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data