NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC95265

Natural Product ID	NPC95265
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	PNZVRNRYBVTQAP-OCRATEHUSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL1829520
PubChem CID	56589618
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000264] Organic acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0000265] Carboxylic acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0002995] Pentacarboxylic acids and derivatives

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 87 91 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -4.4656 1.7254 -0.6626 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2082 1.2843 -1.3171 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0003 1.4050 -2.5420 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2185 0.7129 -0.5384 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9811 0.2593 -1.0698 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1924 -0.2895 0.0891 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0219 0.8679 1.0150 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1549 1.2547 1.7305 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7491 2.5070 1.6096 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1868 3.2982 0.7838 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9210 2.9615 2.3302 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4021 4.2271 2.0752 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4948 4.7669 2.6963 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1712 4.0136 3.6399 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7178 2.7548 3.9144 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6032 2.2279 3.2688 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2110 0.7569 1.8882 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4130 0.3912 1.0999 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0942 0.2651 -0.4095 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1718 -0.8579 -0.3468 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6344 -1.7075 0.6817 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6415 -1.1081 1.3607 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0343 -1.5033 1.0430 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4432 -1.4056 2.8522 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0322 -1.7305 -1.5491 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1378 -2.6612 -1.5088 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1789 -2.4519 -0.5099 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8788 -1.4848 0.6214 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0966 -1.2753 1.2916 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2650 -1.7296 2.5869 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2869 -2.3307 3.1425 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4771 -1.5896 3.4016 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4561 -2.0908 -1.0122 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6107 -2.7903 -0.8210 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5807 -3.8445 -0.1514 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8933 -2.3119 -1.3982 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1380 -0.9942 -2.8695 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1835 -2.5713 -1.5256 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2992 0.0479 -1.1192 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7649 0.9004 -2.1097 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0577 1.9086 -2.3633 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0022 0.6882 -2.8508 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3711 1.6087 -3.8194 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5023 1.5150 -4.5739 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.3311 0.4342 -4.3578 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9899 -0.4984 -3.4003 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8260 -0.3888 -2.6340 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5341 2.8282 -0.6863 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3236 1.2721 -1.2326 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5329 1.3236 0.3538 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4547 1.2209 -1.3622 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1777 -0.3841 -1.8969 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2355 1.7730 0.3729 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9018 4.8629 1.3369 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8768 5.7597 2.5000 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0476 4.4253 4.1489 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2598 2.1770 4.6572 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2573 1.2520 3.4920 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9559 0.1285 2.7332 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3888 1.7903 2.3087 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3076 0.9826 1.2743 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6689 1.1756 -0.8265 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2801 -1.7383 0.0202 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7024 -0.6426 1.3440 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3644 -2.3374 1.7249 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4388 -1.8189 3.0695 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1515 -2.2295 3.1694 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7241 -0.5443 3.4827 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1770 -3.7520 -1.4894 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6153 -2.6101 -2.5372 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3885 -3.4191 0.0537 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1889 -2.0065 1.3365 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3046 -1.0872 2.8589 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8251 -2.6227 3.6702 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2528 -1.0901 4.3618 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7611 -1.4955 -2.1142 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5761 -1.9742 -0.5878 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4028 -3.1406 -1.9667 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1265 -1.1663 -3.3901 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3954 -1.4086 -3.6156 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0627 0.0935 -2.7855 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0157 -3.3987 -2.0442 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7165 2.4599 -3.9881 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.7222 2.2806 -5.3160 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2322 0.3592 -4.9585 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.6495 -1.3394 -3.2429 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5747 -1.1253 -1.8916 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 2 0 2 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 6 5 1 6 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 2 0 9 11 1 0 11 12 2 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 2 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 2 0 7 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 1 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 22 24 1 0 20 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 2 0 30 32 1 0 27 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 34 35 2 0 34 36 1 0 25 37 1 0 25 38 1 6 19 39 1 0 39 40 1 0 40 41 2 0 40 42 1 0 42 43 2 0 43 44 1 0 44 45 2 0 45 46 1 0 46 47 2 0 28 6 1 0 47 42 1 0 20 6 1 0 16 11 1 0 22 18 1 0 1 48 1 0 1 49 1 0 1 50 1 0 5 51 1 0 5 52 1 0 7 53 1 6 12 54 1 0 13 55 1 0 14 56 1 0 15 57 1 0 16 58 1 0 17 59 1 0 17 60 1 0 18 61 1 6 19 62 1 6 23 63 1 0 23 64 1 0 23 65 1 0 24 66 1 0 24 67 1 0 24 68 1 0 26 69 1 0 26 70 1 0 27 71 1 1 28 72 1 1 32 73 1 0 32 74 1 0 32 75 1 0 36 76 1 0 36 77 1 0 36 78 1 0 37 79 1 0 37 80 1 0 37 81 1 0 38 82 1 0 43 83 1 0 44 84 1 0 45 85 1 0 46 86 1 0 47 87 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	PNZVRNRYBVTQAP-OCRATEHUSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C35H40O12/c1-20(36)42-19-34-27(45-30(39)23-13-9-7-10-14-23)17-25-28(46-31(40)24-15-11-8-12-16-24)35(34,47-32(25,4)5)33(6,41)18-26(43-21(2)37)29(34)44-22(3)38/h7-16,25-29,41H,17-19H2,1-6H3/t25-,26+,27+,28-,29+,33+,34-,35+/m1/s1
SMILES	CC(=O)OC[C@@]12[C@@H](OC(=O)c3ccccc3)C[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@]2(OC3(C)C)[C@@](C[C@@H]([C@@H]1OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C)(C)O)OC(=O)c1ccccc1

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

MedChem Properties

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

ADMET: Distribution

ADMET: Metabolism

ADMET: Excretion

ADMET: Toxicity

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO26437	Maytenus jelskii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[20146433]
NPO26437	Maytenus jelskii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	fruits	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21856049]
NPO26437	Maytenus jelskii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[27541714]
NPO26437	Maytenus jelskii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26437	Maytenus jelskii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
Inhibition	1
Ki	1
Imax	1
Ratio IC50	6
Activity	2

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	2
Individual protein	9

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Inhibition	=	70.0	%	PMID[19128055]
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Ki	=	390.0	nM	DrugMatrix in vivo data: Hematology
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Imax	>	90.0	%	PMID[21856049]
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Ratio IC50	=	12.73	n.a.	PMID[17850214]
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Ratio IC50	=	19.8	n.a.	PMID[26034885]
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Ratio IC50	=	21.24	n.a.	PMID[11277768]
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Ratio IC50	=	28.6	n.a.	PMID[18640035]
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Ratio IC50	=	52.56	n.a.	PMID[25211032]
NPT668	Individual protein	P-glycoprotein 1	Homo sapiens	Ratio IC50	=	165.1	n.a.	PMID[16872140]

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT886	Cell line	NIH3T3	Mus musculus	Activity	=	76.7	%	PMID[4851320]
NPT886	Cell line	NIH3T3	Mus musculus	Activity	=	77.21	%	PMID[4851320]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC95265 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	12985
0.1-0.2	34294
0.2-0.3	1927
0.3-0.4	470
0.4-0.5	104
0.5-0.6	37
0.6-0.7	22
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	3
0.85-0.9	2
0.9-0.95	1
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.9385	High Similarity	NPC97667
0.8806	High Similarity	NPC70716
0.8551	High Similarity	NPC479042
0.8472	Intermediate Similarity	NPC610134
0.84	Intermediate Similarity	NPC294512
0.8052	Intermediate Similarity	NPC483868
0.7922	Intermediate Similarity	NPC176413
0.7922	Intermediate Similarity	NPC483885
0.7361	Intermediate Similarity	NPC472570
0.7333	Intermediate Similarity	NPC6815
0.726	Intermediate Similarity	NPC96903
0.7123	Intermediate Similarity	NPC11685
0.7123	Intermediate Similarity	NPC16912
0.7083	Intermediate Similarity	NPC171207
0.7037	Intermediate Similarity	NPC479045
0.6842	Remote Similarity	NPC481489
0.6806	Remote Similarity	NPC479047
0.6806	Remote Similarity	NPC191082
0.6806	Remote Similarity	NPC291638
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC472569
0.6575	Remote Similarity	NPC4341
0.6538	Remote Similarity	NPC481488
0.6533	Remote Similarity	NPC479044
0.6494	Remote Similarity	NPC282239
0.6494	Remote Similarity	NPC472568
0.6486	Remote Similarity	NPC177340
0.6267	Remote Similarity	NPC67777
0.6267	Remote Similarity	NPC43241
0.6234	Remote Similarity	NPC57628
0.622	Remote Similarity	NPC479041
0.622	Remote Similarity	NPC56953
0.6098	Remote Similarity	NPC479048
0.6076	Remote Similarity	NPC471102
0.6076	Remote Similarity	NPC481490
0.6053	Remote Similarity	NPC270590
0.6053	Remote Similarity	NPC139067
0.6049	Remote Similarity	NPC479049
0.5952	Remote Similarity	NPC483870
0.5952	Remote Similarity	NPC75600
0.5952	Remote Similarity	NPC483884
0.5949	Remote Similarity	NPC184747
0.5926	Remote Similarity	NPC481487
0.5897	Remote Similarity	NPC41481
0.5814	Remote Similarity	NPC483869
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPC17877
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPC281717
0.575	Remote Similarity	NPC106895
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPC200592
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPC610542
0.5658	Remote Similarity	NPC483879
0.5641	Remote Similarity	NPC158663
0.5625	Remote Similarity	NPC266265
0.5584	Remote Similarity	NPC483902
0.5584	Remote Similarity	NPC472577
0.557	Remote Similarity	NPC471104
0.557	Remote Similarity	NPC473673
0.5513	Remote Similarity	NPC246480
0.5467	Remote Similarity	NPC195647
0.5467	Remote Similarity	NPC270498
0.5443	Remote Similarity	NPC27377
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC483886
0.5357	Remote Similarity	NPC481486
0.5316	Remote Similarity	NPC48017
0.5316	Remote Similarity	NPC147880
0.5309	Remote Similarity	NPC92293
0.5294	Remote Similarity	NPC488917
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC473081
0.525	Remote Similarity	NPC471101
0.5238	Remote Similarity	NPC609309
0.5185	Remote Similarity	NPC471100
0.5185	Remote Similarity	NPC605884
0.5181	Remote Similarity	NPC127720
0.5062	Remote Similarity	NPC148062
0.506	Remote Similarity	NPC479043

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC95265 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	3383
0.1-0.2	5568
0.2-0.3	198
0.3-0.4	1
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data