NPASS Compound

Structure

NPC242428 OpenBabel06302215292D 22 22 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -1.4042 2.1409 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2053 1.2053 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9161 0.5652 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8258 0.8608 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5367 0.2208 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3378 -0.7148 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4281 -1.0104 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.0486 -1.3549 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8498 -2.2905 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9583 -1.0593 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2956 0.9097 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4783 1.4719 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2521 0.9097 0.0000 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9565 -0.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1245 -1.5477 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7354 -2.4215 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2976 -3.1954 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2159 -2.5215 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5188 -0.7738 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1297 -1.6477 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4700 -0.6739 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 0 0 0 0 4 5 2 0 0 0 0 5 6 1 0 0 0 0 6 7 1 1 0 0 0 6 8 1 0 0 0 0 8 9 2 0 0 0 0 8 10 1 0 0 0 0 11 2 1 1 0 0 0 11 12 1 0 0 0 0 11 15 1 0 0 0 0 12 13 1 0 0 0 0 13 14 1 0 0 0 0 14 15 1 0 0 0 0 14 20 1 6 0 0 0 15 16 1 1 0 0 0 16 17 1 0 0 0 0 17 18 2 0 0 0 0 17 19 1 0 0 0 0 20 21 2 0 0 0 0 20 22 1 0 0 0 0 M END $$$$

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	311.14
Volume:	309.996
LogP:	-0.347
LogD:	4.791
LogS:	-1.679
# Rotatable Bonds:	7
TPSA:	123.93
# H-Bond Aceptor:	7
# H-Bond Donor:	4
# Rings:	1
# Heavy Atoms:	7

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.516
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.401
Fsp3:	0.533
Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted
GSK Rule:	Accepted
BMS Rule:	1
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted
Chelating Alert:	0
PAINS Alert:	0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-6.169
MDCK Permeability:	0.00010934232705039904
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0
Pgp-substrate:	0.006
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.79
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.001
30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.001

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.2
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	57.87406921386719%
Volume Distribution (VD):	0.415
Pgp-substrate:	47.150028228759766%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.001
CYP1A2-substrate:	0.028
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.023
CYP2C19-substrate:	0.042
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.01
CYP2C9-substrate:	0.808
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.014
CYP2D6-substrate:	0.123
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.013
CYP3A4-substrate:	0.008

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):	1.213
Half-life (T1/2):	0.784

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.006
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.348
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.176
AMES Toxicity:	0.001
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.241
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.786
Skin Sensitization:	0.246
Carcinogencity:	0.348
Eye Corrosion:	0.004
Eye Irritation:	0.022
Respiratory Toxicity:	0.304

Download Data

Data Type	Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties
Structure MOL file
Source Organisms
Biological Activities
Similar NPs/Drugs

Natural Product: NPC242428

Natural Product ID:	NPC242428
*Common Name:**	VZFRNCSOCOPNDB-LNVQSPMDSA-N
IUPAC Name:	n.a.
Synonyms:
Standard InCHIKey:	VZFRNCSOCOPNDB-LNVQSPMDSA-N
Standard InCHI:	InChI=1S/C15H21NO6/c1-8(4-3-5-9(2)14(19)20)11-7-16-13(15(21)22)10(11)6-12(17)18/h3-5,9-11,13,16H,6-7H2,1-2H3,(H,17,18)(H,19,20)(H,21,22)/b5-3-,8-4+/t9-,10+,11-,13+/m1/s1
SMILES:	C/C(=CC=C/[C@@H](C)C(=O)O)/[C@H]1CN[C@@H]([C@H]1CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:	n.a.
PubChem CID:	101790920
Chemical Classification:**	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000264] Organic acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0000265] Carboxylic acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0000013] Amino acids, peptides, and analogues [CHEMONTID:0000347] Amino acids and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0001801] Kainoids

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO21005	Baphia nitida	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/0031-9422(92)80059-N]
NPO20931	Simaba multiflora	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	xylem	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/S0040-4039(00)86970-1]
NPO4343	Guanomyces polythrix	Species	n.a.	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[10869195]
NPO28122	Senecio chionophilus	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[15387646]
NPO17256	Kobresia nepalensis	Species	Cyperaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	stem	n.a.	PMID[16508191]
NPO20931	Simaba multiflora	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17340534]
NPO19192	Sinocalamus affinis	Species	n.a.	n.a.	skin-removed stems	Pingle Town, Sichuang Province, China	2008-AUG	PMID[21469695]
NPO19192	Sinocalamus affinis	Species	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	stem	n.a.	PMID[21469695]
NPO19192	Sinocalamus affinis	Species	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[22690646]
NPO19901	Emilia sonchifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	aerial part	n.a.	PMID[23397723]
NPO20739	Jungermannia hyalina	Species	Jungermanniaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China	n.a.	PMID[25856683]
NPO21618	Ircinia oros	Species	Irciniidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[28840725]
NPO21679	Nuphar lutea	Species	Nymphaeaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31182315]
NPO20212	Callistemon viminalis	Species	Myrtaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31276403]
NPO20931	Simaba multiflora	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	Fruits	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[3760884]
NPO20931	Simaba multiflora	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6736970]
NPO20931	Simaba multiflora	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6875576]
NPO20931	Simaba multiflora	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[6875577]
NPO20931	Simaba multiflora	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	xylem	n.a.	PMID[6875577]
NPO20671	Selliguea feei	Species	Polypodiaceae	Eukaryota	Rhizomes	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8254348]
NPO21679	Nuphar lutea	Species	Nymphaeaceae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO8650.1	Perilla frutescens var. arguta	Varieties	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO12214	Leontice robustum	Species	Berberidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO19901	Emilia sonchifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO19488	Trifolium subterraneum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO28645	Chondria armata	Species	Rhodomelaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO19017	Prangos pabularia	Species	Apiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO17256	Kobresia nepalensis	Species	Cyperaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO19901	Emilia sonchifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO21679	Nuphar lutea	Species	Nymphaeaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO8678	Trillium camschatcense	Species	Melanthiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO28645	Chondria armata	Species	Rhodomelaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO11966	Euphorbia kamerunica	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO8650.1	Perilla frutescens var. arguta	Varieties	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO19017	Prangos pabularia	Species	Apiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO12214	Leontice robustum	Species	Berberidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO19488	Trifolium subterraneum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO19017	Prangos pabularia	Species	Apiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO12214	Leontice robustum	Species	Berberidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO19901	Emilia sonchifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO19773	Xenorhabdus bovienii	Species	Morganellaceae	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21945	Amomum melegueta	Species	Zingiberaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28331	Astragalus siculus	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21550	Achillea macrophylla	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20212	Callistemon viminalis	Species	Myrtaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28314	Hakea trifurcata	Species	Proteaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20739	Jungermannia hyalina	Species	Jungermanniaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20340	Pausinystalia mayumbensis	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21486	Marrubium alysson	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28539	Xestospongia vanilla	Species	Petrosiidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21088	Litsea pulchella	Species	Lauraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO12214	Leontice robustum	Species	Berberidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28645	Chondria armata	Species	Rhodomelaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20872	Melampodium heterophyllum	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20813	Myrmica sabuleti	Species	Formicidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2854	Gymnosporia senegalensis	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21426	Alstroemeria revoluta	Species	Alstroemeriaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28227	Prunus speciosa	Species	Rosaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19622	Euphorbia marginata	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22510	Eupatorium havanense	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28493	Euphorbia cuneata	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21679	Nuphar lutea	Species	Nymphaeaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28156	Nezara viridula	Species	Pentatomidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28030	Polysiphonia nigra	Species	Rhodomelaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20408	Ajuga spectabilis	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27917	Ulmus campestris	Species	Ulmaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO11622.1	Shuteria involucrata var. vestita	Varieties	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28122	Senecio chionophilus	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO18096	Excoecaria oppositifolia	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20931	Simaba multiflora	Species	Simaroubaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27768	Terminalia brachystemma	Species	Combretaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO16907	Pentzia incana	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28082	Corydalis tashiroi	Species	Papaveraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO26840	Litsea aciculata	Species	Lauraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20671	Selliguea feei	Species	Polypodiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27849	Raoulia australis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14136	Acherontia atropus	Species	Sphingidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO17515	Pronephrium triphyllum	Species	Thelypteridaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27889	Anacyclus monanthos	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21365	Ligularia muliensis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20546	Cissus pallidiflorus	Species	Vitaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO18620	Grindelia acutifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19017	Prangos pabularia	Species	Apiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19901	Emilia sonchifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3777	Stevia chamaedrys	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21289	Teucrium oxylepis	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20612	Ursinia abrotanifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3237	Mytilus edulis	Species	Mytilidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19192	Sinocalamus affinis	Species	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19986	Crataegus davisii	Species	Rosaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO8650.1	Perilla frutescens var. arguta	Varieties	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19488	Trifolium subterraneum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO15216	Encephalartos altensteinii	Species	Zamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28403	Comanthus bennetti	Species	Comatulidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21618	Ircinia oros	Species	Irciniidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20051	Gardenia collinsae	Species	Rubiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO13260	Eria foetida	Species	Orchidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28420	Guizotia scabra	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO17256	Kobresia nepalensis	Species	Cyperaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO4343	Guanomyces polythrix	Species	n.a.	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28505	Arum palaestinum	Species	Araceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21005	Baphia nitida	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28105	Coriolopsis gallica	Species	Coriolaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27969	Elvira biflora	Species	Trochilidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28522	Flustra denticulata	Species	Flustridae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO16454	Crinum erubescens	Species	Amaryllidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO16044	Cupressus lawsoniana	Species	Cupressaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO28279	Mikania cordifolia	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO8678	Trillium camschatcense	Species	Melanthiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14330	Agave aurea	Species	Asparagaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO21231	Astragalus tragacantha	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO11966	Euphorbia kamerunica	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO14466	Penicillium olsonii	Species	Aspergillaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO27701	Otholobium glandulosum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	NP ID	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC242428 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	76
0.1-0.2	600
0.2-0.3	14866
0.3-0.4	19956
0.4-0.5	6461
0.5-0.6	704
0.6-0.7	31
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	2
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID

Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC242428 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	78
0.1-0.2	354
0.2-0.3	3254
0.3-0.4	3990
0.4-0.5	1256
0.5-0.6	201
0.6-0.7	17
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage

Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data