Plant Name: Croton tiglium
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO2978
Plant Latin Name: Croton tiglium
Taxonomy Genus: Croton
Taxonomy Family: Euphorbiaceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
497687
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
343631-1
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
Indonesia; India; Jordan; Thailand; China; South KoreaTraditional Medicine System:
Sowa-Rigpa; Indian Folk; Unani; Siddha; Ayurveda; Kampo; TCM; HomeopathyGeographical Distribution:
Maldives; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Philippines; Indonesia; India; Cambodia; Jordan; Vietnam; China; Thailand; Sri Lanka; Japan; South Korea; Nepal; Taiwan
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| FFAR1; FFAR4; | |
| PRKCE; PRKCB; PRKCH; PRKCG; PRKCD; PRKCA; PRKCQ; | |
| PPARA; | |
| ALOX15; | |
| FABP3; FABP4; LMNA; FABP5; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
| Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: |
|---|
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enzyme_unclassified | ALOX15 | Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase | P16050 | CHEMBL2903 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group C | PPARA | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha | Q07869 | CHEMBL239 |
| Protein Kinase | PRKCE | Protein kinase C epsilon | Q02156 | CHEMBL3582 |
| Protein Kinase | PRKCB | Protein kinase C beta | P05771 | CHEMBL3045 |
| Protein Kinase | PRKCH | Protein kinase C eta | P24723 | CHEMBL3616 |
| Protein Kinase | PRKCG | Protein kinase C gamma | P05129 | CHEMBL2938 |
| Protein Kinase | PRKCD | Protein kinase C delta | Q05655 | CHEMBL2996 |
| Protein Kinase | PRKCA | Protein kinase C alpha | P17252 | CHEMBL299 |
| Protein Kinase | PRKCQ | Protein kinase C theta | Q04759 | CHEMBL3920 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | FFAR1 | Free fatty acid receptor 1 | O14842 | CHEMBL4422 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | FFAR4 | G-protein coupled receptor 120 | Q5NUL3 | CHEMBL5339 |
| Unclassified | FABP3 | Fatty acid binding protein muscle | P05413 | CHEMBL3344 |
| Unclassified | FABP4 | Fatty acid binding protein adipocyte | P15090 | CHEMBL2083 |
| Unclassified | LMNA | Prelamin-A/C | P02545 | CHEMBL1293235 |
| Unclassified | FABP5 | Fatty acid binding protein epidermal | Q01469 | CHEMBL3674 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0018105; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation | 1.774E-11 | 1.288E-07 | PRKCA, PRKCB, PRKCD, PRKCE, PRKCG, PRKCH, PRKCQ |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004699; calcium-independent protein kinase C activity | 3.789E-10 | 1.650E-06 | PRKCD, PRKCE, PRKCH |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004698; calcium-dependent protein kinase C activity | 1.515E-09 | 5.497E-06 | PRKCA, PRKCB, PRKCG |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0005504; fatty acid binding | 4.088E-09 | 1.272E-05 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, FFAR4 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0034351; negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process | 2.117E-08 | 3.545E-05 | PRKCA, PRKCD, PRKCH |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0090330; regulation of platelet aggregation | 3.070E-07 | 2.877E-04 | PRKCA, PRKCD, PRKCQ |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0035408; histone H3-T6 phosphorylation | 5.629E-07 | 4.342E-04 | PRKCA, PRKCB |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0050996; positive regulation of lipid catabolic process | 5.783E-07 | 4.342E-04 | PPARA, PRKCD, PRKCE |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0035403; histone kinase activity (H3-T6 specific) | 5.629E-07 | 4.342E-04 | PRKCA, PRKCB |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0019433; triglyceride catabolic process | 8.625E-07 | 5.738E-04 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5 |
| BP | GO:0050896; response to stimulus | GO:0046627; negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway | 1.519E-06 | 8.876E-04 | PRKCB, PRKCD, PRKCQ |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0007077; mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly | 4.923E-06 | 1.985E-03 | LMNA, PRKCA, PRKCB |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0050861; positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway | 1.179E-05 | 3.669E-03 | PRKCB, PRKCH |
| CC | GO:0044464; cell part | GO:0005829; cytosol | 1.254E-05 | 3.741E-03 | ALOX15, FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, LMNA, PRKCA, PRKCB, PRKCD, PRKCE, PRKCG, PRKCH, PRKCQ |
| BP | GO:0050896; response to stimulus | GO:0070542; response to fatty acid | 3.003E-05 | 7.603E-03 | FABP3, FFAR1, PRKCE |
| BP | GO:0050896; response to stimulus | GO:0001666; response to hypoxia | 3.838E-05 | 9.140E-03 | LMNA, PPARA, PRKCB, PRKCE |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09157 Sensory system | hsa04750 | Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels | 3.399E-13 | 2.889E-11 | PRKCG, PRKCH, PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCD, PRKCA, PRKCQ |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09153 Circulatory system | hsa04270 | Vascular smooth muscle contraction | 1.450E-12 | 6.163E-11 | PRKCG, PRKCH, PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCD, PRKCA, PRKCQ |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09144 Cellular community - eukaryotes | hsa04530 | Tight junction | 4.132E-12 | 1.171E-10 | PRKCG, PRKCH, PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCD, PRKCA, PRKCQ |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09151 Immune system | hsa04666 | Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis | 5.644E-09 | 1.199E-07 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCD, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09166 Endocrine and metabolic diseases | hsa04931 | Insulin resistance | 1.260E-08 | 2.143E-07 | PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCD, PRKCQ, PPARA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04925 | Aldosterone synthesis and secretion | 3.294E-07 | 4.000E-06 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09166 Endocrine and metabolic diseases | hsa04933 | AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications | 8.012E-07 | 7.567E-06 | PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCD, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04911 | Insulin secretion | 4.002E-07 | 4.252E-06 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA, FFAR1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa03320 | PPAR signaling pathway | 1.721E-07 | 2.438E-06 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, PPARA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04726 | Serotonergic synapse | 1.213E-06 | 1.031E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, ALOX15, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04071 | Sphingolipid signaling pathway | 1.599E-06 | 1.235E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05223 | Non-small cell lung cancer | 9.238E-06 | 5.235E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09155 Excretory system | hsa04961 | Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption | 5.426E-06 | 3.294E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09167 Infectious diseases | hsa05143 | African trypanosomiasis | 2.202E-06 | 1.560E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04150 | mTOR signaling pathway | 1.138E-05 | 5.651E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05214 | Glioma | 1.450E-05 | 6.430E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09155 Excretory system | hsa04960 | Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption | 3.069E-06 | 2.007E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04370 | VEGF signaling pathway | 1.197E-05 | 5.651E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04730 | Long-term depression | 1.138E-05 | 5.651E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09164 Substance dependence | hsa05031 | Amphetamine addiction | 1.589E-05 | 6.430E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09154 Digestive system | hsa04971 | Gastric acid secretion | 2.143E-05 | 7.919E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04720 | Long-term potentiation | 1.518E-05 | 6.430E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04918 | Thyroid hormone synthesis | 1.892E-05 | 7.310E-05 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04012 | ErbB signaling pathway | 3.483E-05 | 1.168E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04912 | GnRH signaling pathway | 3.985E-05 | 1.168E-04 | PRKCB, PRKCD, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04727 | GABAergic synapse | 3.605E-05 | 1.168E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09154 Digestive system | hsa04970 | Salivary secretion | 3.729E-05 | 1.168E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09159 Environmental adaptation | hsa04713 | Circadian entrainment | 4.532E-05 | 1.282E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09144 Cellular community - eukaryotes | hsa04540 | Gap junction | 3.605E-05 | 1.168E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09164 Substance dependence | hsa05032 | Morphine addiction | 3.985E-05 | 1.168E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05206 | MicroRNAs in cancer | 5.717E-05 | 1.291E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCE, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04916 | Melanogenesis | 5.283E-05 | 1.285E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04070 | Phosphatidylinositol signaling system | 4.974E-05 | 1.285E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05231 | Choline metabolism in cancer | 5.442E-05 | 1.285E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09167 Infectious diseases | hsa05146 | Amoebiasis | 5.283E-05 | 1.285E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04725 | Cholinergic synapse | 7.211E-05 | 1.572E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04723 | Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling | 5.442E-05 | 1.285E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09154 Digestive system | hsa04972 | Pancreatic secretion | 4.676E-05 | 1.282E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04066 | HIF-1 signaling pathway | 5.770E-05 | 1.291E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04724 | Glutamatergic synapse | 7.807E-05 | 1.659E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04919 | Thyroid hormone signaling pathway | 8.650E-05 | 1.751E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04728 | Dopaminergic synapse | 1.127E-04 | 2.228E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09167 Infectious diseases | hsa05161 | Hepatitis B | 1.626E-04 | 3.004E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09151 Immune system | hsa04650 | Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity | 1.290E-04 | 2.491E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04310 | Wnt signaling pathway | 1.498E-04 | 2.829E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04921 | Oxytocin signaling pathway | 2.053E-04 | 3.712E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09151 Immune system | hsa04670 | Leukocyte transendothelial migration | 8.650E-05 | 1.751E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04020 | Calcium signaling pathway | 3.012E-04 | 5.334E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05205 | Proteoglycans in cancer | 4.284E-04 | 7.284E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09144 Cellular community - eukaryotes | hsa04510 | Focal adhesion | 4.223E-04 | 7.284E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04015 | Rap1 signaling pathway | 4.797E-04 | 7.994E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04014 | Ras signaling pathway | 5.936E-04 | 9.519E-04 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04010 | MAPK signaling pathway | 8.321E-04 | 1.310E-03 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer | 2.957E-03 | 4.410E-03 | PRKCG, PRKCB, PRKCA |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04064 | NF-kappa B signaling pathway | 2.159E-03 | 3.277E-03 | PRKCB, PRKCQ |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04920 | Adipocytokine signaling pathway | 1.231E-03 | 1.903E-03 | PRKCQ, PPARA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09166 Endocrine and metabolic diseases | hsa04930 | Type II diabetes mellitus | 5.805E-04 | 9.490E-04 | PRKCE, PRKCD |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Human immunodeficiency virus infection | B20-B26 | PRKCE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Central nervous system tumors | NA | PRKCB; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Ischemic reperfusion injury | I00-I99 | PRKCE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Inflammatory disease | C11, C44, K75.9, M00-M25 | PRKCQ; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lymphoma | C81-C86 | PRKCB; |
| D50-D89: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism | Renal transplantation | D89.8 | PRKCB; |
| NA: NA | Reperfusion injury and heart attacks | NA | PRKCD; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Non-insulin dependent diabetes | E11.9 | FFAR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Non-hodgkin's lymphoma | C85 | PRKCB; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | FFAR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetes | E23.2, N25.1 | FFAR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Brain cancer | C71, D33 | PRKCB; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | PRKCB; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Acute myocardial infarction | I21-I22 | PRKCD; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Glioblastoma multiforme | C71 | PRKCB; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
