Plant Name: Hordeum vulgare
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO22132
Plant Latin Name: Hordeum vulgare
Taxonomy Genus: Hordeum
Taxonomy Family: Poaceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
4513
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
405391-1
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
Turkey; Afghanistan; Madagascar; Italy; South Africa; India; United States; Zimbabwe; Jordan; Swaziland; Angola; Argentina; China; South KoreaTraditional Medicine System:
Sowa-Rigpa; Indian Folk; Unani; Siddha; Ayurveda; Kampo; TCMMedicinal Functions:
Abortifacient; Cancer; Carminative; Demulcent; Digestive; Diuretic; Emollient; Expectorant; Febrifuge; Galactofuge; Hypoglycaemic; Lenitive; Nutritive; Poultice; Stomachic
Geographical Distribution:
Canada; Turkmenistan; Ethiopia; Swaziland; Argentina; Bolivia; Saudi Arabia; Guatemala; Germany; Spain; Netherlands; Oman; Greenland; New Zealand; Yemen; Pakistan; Albania; India; South Korea; Tajikistan; Turkey; Afghanistan; Bangladesh; Mongolia; France; Rwanda; Peru; Norway; Cuba; China; Dominican Republic; Ukraine; Libya; Finland; United States; Sweden; Belarus; Russia; Romania; Angola; Portugal; South Africa; Cyprus; Austria; Vietnam; Japan; Niger; Brazil; Kuwait; Nigeria; Ecuador; Australia; Iran; Algeria; El Salvador; Chile; Belgium; Haiti; Iraq; Denmark; Poland; Morocco; Switzerland; Chad; Uruguay; Uzbekistan; Tunisia; Colombia; Taiwan; Fiji; Madagascar; Italy; Nepal; Iceland; Zimbabwe; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Mauritania; New Caledonia; Hungary; Honduras; Myanmar; Mexico; Egypt; United Kingdom; Sri Lanka
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| TAAR1; HTR1B; HTR2A; HTR2C; HTR1D; HCAR2; HTR6; | |
| TSHR; | |
| PTGS2; ALOX5; | |
| MPO; | |
| LMNA; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
| Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: |
|---|
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enzyme_unclassified | MPO | Myeloperoxidase | P05164 | CHEMBL2439 |
| Oxidoreductase | PTGS2 | Cyclooxygenase-2 | P35354 | CHEMBL230 |
| Oxidoreductase | ALOX5 | Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase | P09917 | CHEMBL215 |
| Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) | TSHR | Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | P16473 | CHEMBL1963 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | TAAR1 | Trace amine-associated receptor 1 | Q96RJ0 | CHEMBL5857 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR1B | Serotonin 1b (5-HT1b) receptor | P28222 | CHEMBL1898 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR2A | Serotonin 2a (5-HT2a) receptor | P28223 | CHEMBL224 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR2C | Serotonin 2c (5-HT2c) receptor | P28335 | CHEMBL225 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR1D | Serotonin 1d (5-HT1d) receptor | P28221 | CHEMBL1983 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HCAR2 | Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 | Q8TDS4 | CHEMBL3785 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR6 | Serotonin 6 (5-HT6) receptor | P50406 | CHEMBL3371 |
| Unclassified | LMNA | Prelamin-A/C | P02545 | CHEMBL1293235 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0007210; serotonin receptor signaling pathway | 1.494E-12 | 6.508E-09 | HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR6 |
| MF | GO:0060089; molecular transducer activity | GO:0004993; G-protein coupled serotonin receptor activity | 1.494E-12 | 6.508E-09 | HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR6 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0051378; serotonin binding | 2.811E-11 | 7.650E-08 | HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR2A, HTR2C |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0007208; phospholipase C-activating serotonin receptor signaling pathway | 3.538E-07 | 3.852E-04 | HTR2A, HTR2C |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0071886; 1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine binding | 3.538E-07 | 3.852E-04 | HTR2A, HTR2C |
| BP | Unclassified; | GO:0042310; vasoconstriction | 6.633E-07 | 5.555E-04 | HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR2A |
| MF | Unclassified; | GO:0004872; receptor activity | 6.394E-07 | 5.555E-04 | HCAR2, HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR6, TAAR1, TSHR |
| BP | GO:0032501; multicellular organismal process | GO:0097746; regulation of blood vessel diameter | 7.696E-07 | 5.985E-04 | HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR2A, PTGS2 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0010513; positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process | 3.534E-06 | 2.138E-03 | HTR2A, HTR2C |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0045600; positive regulation of fat cell differentiation | 5.840E-06 | 3.179E-03 | HTR2A, HTR2C, PTGS2 |
| BP | GO:0007610; behavior | GO:0050795; regulation of behavior | 7.471E-06 | 3.697E-03 | HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR2A |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04726 | Serotonergic synapse | 1.105E-13 | 3.316E-12 | HTR6, ALOX5, HTR1D, HTR1B, HTR2C, HTR2A, PTGS2 |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09133 Signaling molecules and interaction | hsa04080 | Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | 6.766E-11 | 1.015E-09 | HTR6, HTR1D, HTR1B, HTR2C, HTR2A, TAAR1, TSHR |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04024 | cAMP signaling pathway | 6.941E-08 | 6.941E-07 | HCAR2, HTR6, HTR1D, HTR1B, TSHR |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04020 | Calcium signaling pathway | 1.486E-04 | 1.114E-03 | HTR6, HTR2C, HTR2A |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04913 | Ovarian steroidogenesis | 3.979E-04 | 2.387E-03 | ALOX5, PTGS2 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04923 | Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes | 4.992E-04 | 2.496E-03 | PTGS2, TSHR |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00590 | Arachidonic acid metabolism | 6.117E-04 | 2.622E-03 | ALOX5, PTGS2 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09157 Sensory system | hsa04742 | Taste transduction | 1.093E-03 | 4.092E-03 | HTR1D, HTR1B |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09157 Sensory system | hsa04750 | Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels | 1.519E-03 | 4.557E-03 | HTR2C, HTR2A |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09144 Cellular community - eukaryotes | hsa04540 | Gap junction | 1.228E-03 | 4.092E-03 | HTR2C, HTR2A |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neurodegenerative disease | G30-G32 | HTR6; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Neurological disease | I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 | HTR2C; HTR6; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neuropathic pain | G64, G90.0 | PTGS2; |
| NA: NA | Joint and muscular pain | NA | PTGS2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer diagnosis | C73 | TSHR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | PTGS2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Non-small cell lung cancer | C33-C34 | PTGS2; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Inflammation | E08-E13, E10.2, E11, E11.2, E13.2, I73.9, I80-I82, N00-N29, G89 | PTGS2; ALOX5; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Inflammatory bowel disease | K50, K51 | PTGS2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Inflammatory disease | C11, C44, K75.9, M00-M25 | MPO; PTGS2; ALOX5; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Dementia | F01-F07 | HTR6; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Depression | F30-F39 | HTR2A; HTR2C; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetes | E23.2, N25.1 | HTR2A; HTR2C; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42 | HTR2A; HTR2C; HTR6; HTR1B; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Knee osteoarthritis | M15-M19, M47 | PTGS2; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Infections disease | A00-B99 | MPO; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Generalized anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42, F41.1 | HTR2C; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Gout | M10 | PTGS2; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Glaucoma | H40-H42 | HTR2A; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Acute migraine | G43 | HTR1D; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Acute ischemic stroke | I61-I63 | HCAR2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Major depressive disorder | F32, F33, M32 | HTR2C; HCAR2; HTR1B; HTR1D; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Obesity | E66 | HTR2C; HTR6; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Endometriosis | N80 | PTGS2; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Emesis | R11 | HTR6; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Psychiatric disorder | F01-F99 | HTR2A; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Migraine | G43 | HTR2A; HTR1D; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | PTGS2; HCAR2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Hemorrhoids | I84 | HTR2A; |
| NA: NA | Addiction | NA | HTR2A; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Colon polyps | K63.5 | PTGS2; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Dermatitis | L20-L30 | ALOX5; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer | C73 | TSHR; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Metabolic disorders | E70-E89 | HTR2C; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Dysmenorrhea | N94.4-N94.6 | PTGS2; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Allergy | T78.4 | ALOX5; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Alzheimer disease | G30 | HTR6; PTGS2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Atherosclerosis | I70 | HCAR2; ALOX5; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Alcohol use disorders | F10.2 | HTR2A; HTR2C; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Fungal infections | B35-B49 | ALOX5; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Chronic pain | R52.1-R52.2, G89 | PTGS2; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperlipidaemia | E78 | HCAR2; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Ankylosing spondylitis | M08.1, M45 | PTGS2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Thrombosis | I80-I82 | ALOX5; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Lymphatic filariasis | B74 | ALOX5; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cardiovascular disorder | I00-I99 | HTR2A; HCAR2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mood disorder | F30-F39 | HTR2A; HTR2C; HTR1B; HTR1D; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis | M05-M06 | PTGS2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Severe mood disorders | F30-F39 | HTR1D; |
| NA: NA | Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders | NA | HTR2C; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Sleep disorders | F51, G47 | HTR2A; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Sleep maintenance insomnia | F51.0, G47.0 | HTR2A; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Migraine headaches | G43 | HTR2C; HTR1B; HTR1D; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Fibromyalgia | M79.7 | HTR2A; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Schizophrenia | F20 | HTR2A; HTR2C; HTR6; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Aggressive non-hodgkin's lymphoma | C81, C81-C86, C82-C85, C91-C95 | HTR2C; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Rhinitis | J00, J30, J31.0 | ALOX5; |
| NA: NA | Rheumatold arthritis | NA | PTGS2; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Rheumatoid arthritis | M05-M06 | PTGS2; ALOX5; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | J40-J44, J47 | MPO; ALOX5; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Multiple scierosis | G35 | MPO; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Respiratory disease | J00-J99 | ALOX5; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Atopic dermatitis | L00-L99 | ALOX5; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Pancreatic cancer | C25 | PTGS2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | HTR2C; PTGS2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Parkinson's disease | G20 | MPO; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Pancreatitis | K85, K86.0K86.1 | HTR2A; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Chronic schizophrenics | F20 | HTR1B; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Cognitive disorders | F01-F07, F04, F05, R41.3 | HTR6; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Arteriosclerosis | I70 | HCAR2; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Arthritis | M00-M25 | PTGS2; ALOX5; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Asthma | J45 | PTGS2; ALOX5; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Central nervous system disease | G00-G99 | HTR2A; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Psychotic disorders | F20-F29 | HTR2C; HTR1B; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Osteoarthritis | M15-M19, M47 | PTGS2; ALOX5; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Hyperthermia | T68 | PTGS2; |
| NA: NA | Primary insomnia | NA | HTR2C; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Pruritus | L29 | ALOX5; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Psoriasis | L40 | ALOX5; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Erythropoietic porphyria | E80.0 | HTR2A; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Epilepsy | G40 | HTR1D; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Drug abuse | F10-F19 | HTR2C; |
| W85-W99: Exposure to electric current, radiation and extreme ambient air temperature and pressure | Diagnostic test to differentiate primary and secondary hypothyroidism | W88 | TSHR; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
