NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC96095

Natural Product ID	NPC96095
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	3,11-Dioxoolean-12-Ene-30-Oic Acid
IUPAC Name	(2S,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aS,14bR)-2,4a,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-10,13-dioxo-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,11,12,14b-dodecahydropicene-2-carboxylic acid
Synonyms	3-oxo-18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL493512
PubChem CID	111253
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0001553] Triterpenoids

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 78 82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -0.4746 2.9197 0.4359 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2990 1.6956 0.3607 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0247 1.1987 0.7801 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4643 0.0126 0.4573 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7470 -0.5444 0.8306 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7870 0.4264 1.2884 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6386 1.0063 0.2043 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9436 1.7695 -0.8487 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.3524 -0.1909 -0.4422 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2739 -0.9629 -1.1455 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3384 -1.5525 -0.1119 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2139 -2.4966 0.7309 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3563 -2.3971 -0.8477 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9262 -2.2281 -0.4688 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5153 -0.8101 -0.3680 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8773 -0.6283 0.2474 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3031 0.7751 -0.1042 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7452 1.0815 0.1990 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0559 1.2274 1.6562 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0824 2.4066 -0.4521 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5292 2.6735 -0.6602 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3977 1.5338 -0.8756 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5017 1.6928 -1.3413 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9806 0.1486 -0.5414 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5175 -0.0348 -0.4730 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1825 -1.3699 0.1027 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7579 -1.6957 -0.3024 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4967 -0.7173 -1.7043 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.7462 -0.2823 0.6726 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.7426 -0.8592 1.7346 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5509 -0.2160 -1.7611 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6892 1.8478 0.8431 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7465 1.9713 2.0921 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.6439 2.5280 0.1010 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6586 1.8306 1.3740 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5184 -1.1525 1.7705 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.5323 -0.1697 1.9098 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4075 1.1465 2.0297 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6666 1.9279 -1.6895 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0439 1.3445 -1.2785 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7298 2.8046 -0.4681 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7386 -0.7846 0.4045 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1500 0.1540 -1.1248 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7778 -1.8367 -1.6218 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7887 -0.4194 -1.9513 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1658 -2.7249 0.2181 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6740 -3.4873 0.8121 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3475 -2.1621 1.7556 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5797 -3.4966 -0.6865 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4779 -2.3133 -1.9697 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7189 -2.8557 0.4097 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3168 -2.6859 -1.3043 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2724 0.8089 -1.2376 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9451 1.9110 1.8130 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2195 1.7963 2.1353 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3197 0.2980 2.1747 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4770 2.5765 -1.3657 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7569 3.1982 0.2914 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6095 3.3385 -1.5712 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9970 3.3032 0.1529 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1326 -0.0461 -1.5383 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3855 -1.4952 1.1626 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.8283 -2.1242 -0.4328 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7191 -1.8268 -1.3804 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4637 -2.6546 0.1710 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4593 -0.2764 -2.0858 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7643 -0.5470 -2.5283 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5884 -1.7642 -1.4200 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.8635 0.5227 1.4344 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4060 -1.2326 1.1123 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8021 -0.4848 0.3224 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5920 0.0565 2.3174 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6185 -1.3848 2.1674 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1005 -1.5913 1.8800 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6889 0.8877 -1.7540 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3092 -0.5541 -2.3780 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4398 -0.6061 -2.3068 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.4856 2.8423 0.5667 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 2 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 6 7 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 1 11 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 1 18 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 2 0 22 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 24 28 1 0 24 29 1 0 16 30 1 1 15 31 1 6 7 32 1 0 32 33 2 0 32 34 1 0 17 2 1 0 25 18 1 0 15 4 1 0 27 16 1 0 11 5 1 0 3 35 1 0 5 36 1 1 6 37 1 0 6 38 1 0 8 39 1 0 8 40 1 0 8 41 1 0 9 42 1 0 9 43 1 0 10 44 1 0 10 45 1 0 12 46 1 0 12 47 1 0 12 48 1 0 13 49 1 0 13 50 1 0 14 51 1 0 14 52 1 0 17 53 1 6 19 54 1 0 19 55 1 0 19 56 1 0 20 57 1 0 20 58 1 0 21 59 1 0 21 60 1 0 25 61 1 6 26 62 1 0 26 63 1 0 27 64 1 0 27 65 1 0 28 66 1 0 28 67 1 0 28 68 1 0 29 69 1 0 29 70 1 0 29 71 1 0 30 72 1 0 30 73 1 0 30 74 1 0 31 75 1 0 31 76 1 0 31 77 1 0 34 78 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	QGWDYPREORDRIT-LPXJIFNVSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C30H44O4/c1-25(2)21-8-11-30(7)23(28(21,5)10-9-22(25)32)20(31)16-18-19-17-27(4,24(33)34)13-12-26(19,3)14-15-29(18,30)6/h16,19,21,23H,8-15,17H2,1-7H3,(H,33,34)/t19-,21-,23+,26+,27-,28-,29+,30+/m0/s1
SMILES	O=C1C=C2[C@@H]3C[C@](C)(CC[C@]3(C)CC[C@]2([C@]2([C@H]1[C@@]1(C)CCC(=O)C([C@@H]1CC2)(C)C)C)C)C(=O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

MedChem Properties

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

ADMET: Distribution

ADMET: Metabolism

ADMET: Excretion

ADMET: Toxicity

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO13817	Maytenus undata	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[10843569]
NPO13817	Maytenus undata	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO13817	Maytenus undata	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
Inhibition	4
Activity	4
IC50	24
Ratio IC50	1
Ratio CC50/IC50	2

Activity Type	# Activity
Individual protein	10
Cell line	12
Organism	3
Non-molecular	6
Others	4

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT1138	Individual protein	11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	Inhibition	=	98.7	%	DOI[10.1039/C0MD00267D]
NPT1137	Individual protein	11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	Inhibition	=	63.8	%	DOI[10.1039/C0MD00267D]
NPT1137	Individual protein	11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	Activity	=	36.0	%	Open TG-GATES in vivo data: Hematology
NPT1138	Individual protein	11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	Activity	=	1.0	%	PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT1138	Individual protein	11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	329.0	nM	PMID[23822611]
NPT1137	Individual protein	11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	IC50	=	619.0	nM	DOI[10.1039/C0MD00241K]
NPT1137	Individual protein	11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1	Homo sapiens	Inhibition	=	36.0	%	DOI[10.6019/CHEMBL1201861]
NPT1138	Individual protein	11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2	Homo sapiens	Inhibition	=	1.0	%	PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT166	Individual protein	Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	100000.0	nM	PMID[18474583]
NPT203	Individual protein	Carboxylesterase 2	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	100000.0	nM	PMID[16378374]

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT113	Cell line	RAW264.7	Mus musculus	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[21572583]
NPT113	Cell line	RAW264.7	Mus musculus	IC50	=	45600.0	nM	PMID[21572583]
NPT762	Cell line	A-431	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[17060530]
NPT81	Cell line	A549	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	DOI[10.6019/CHEMBL1201861]
NPT579	Cell line	DLD-1	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[12217376]
NPT393	Cell line	HCT-116	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[15844957]
NPT180	Cell line	HCT-8	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[20086162]
NPT139	Cell line	HT-29	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[20086162]
NPT83	Cell line	MCF7	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[22928967]
NPT763	Cell line	SW-1736	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[15652581]
NPT3190	Cell line	NHDF	Homo sapiens	Activity	=	5.2	%	PMID[36167293]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	IC50	=	6700.0	nM	PMID[10843569]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	IC50	=	2300.0	nM	PMID[10843569]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	IC50	=	18570.0	nM	PMID[21696969]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	IC50	>	30000.0	nM	PMID[21959232]
NPT963	Organism	Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B virus	IC50	=	432540.0	nM	PMID[23822585]
NPT963	Organism	Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B virus	IC50	>	467140.0	nM	PMID[22264149]
NPT963	Organism	Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B virus	IC50	=	189310.0	nM	Open TG-GATES in vivo data: Biochemistry
NPT2	Others	Unspecified	n.a.	IC50	=	10300.0	nM	PMID[21572583]
NPT2	Others	Unspecified	n.a.	Ratio IC50	=	1.0	n.a.	DrugMatrix in vitro pharmacology data
NPT2	Others	Unspecified	n.a.	Ratio CC50/IC50	=	1.1	n.a.	PMID[19620329]
NPT2	Others	Unspecified	n.a.	Ratio CC50/IC50	=	2.5	n.a.	PubChem BioAssay data set

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC96095 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	27268
0.1-0.2	19985
0.2-0.3	2131
0.3-0.4	363
0.4-0.5	66
0.5-0.6	26
0.6-0.7	5
0.7-0.8	2
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.75	Intermediate Similarity	NPC263272
0.7424	Intermediate Similarity	NPC4036
0.7424	Intermediate Similarity	NPC65120
0.7424	Intermediate Similarity	NPC145067
0.7424	Intermediate Similarity	NPC233455
0.7424	Intermediate Similarity	NPC158030
0.7206	Intermediate Similarity	NPC482712
0.7206	Intermediate Similarity	NPC74751
0.7164	Intermediate Similarity	NPC482711
0.7164	Intermediate Similarity	NPC281524
0.6957	Remote Similarity	NPC198818
0.6885	Remote Similarity	NPC190035
0.6761	Remote Similarity	NPC169343
0.6176	Remote Similarity	NPC70834
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPC476064
0.5976	Remote Similarity	NPC471967
0.5972	Remote Similarity	NPC474964
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC482752
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPC46441
0.5676	Remote Similarity	NPC474529
0.5479	Remote Similarity	NPC474537
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC193750
0.5333	Remote Similarity	NPC474525
0.5326	Remote Similarity	NPC482747
0.5326	Remote Similarity	NPC202666
0.5326	Remote Similarity	NPC471961
0.5326	Remote Similarity	NPC482746
0.5326	Remote Similarity	NPC242015
0.5269	Remote Similarity	NPC482741
0.5269	Remote Similarity	NPC482745
0.5269	Remote Similarity	NPC482743
0.5269	Remote Similarity	NPC146753
0.5213	Remote Similarity	NPC471965
0.5213	Remote Similarity	NPC482749
0.5158	Remote Similarity	NPC14617
0.5135	Remote Similarity	NPC171203
0.5135	Remote Similarity	NPC307426
0.5135	Remote Similarity	NPC98442
0.5135	Remote Similarity	NPC242468
0.5072	Remote Similarity	NPC221647
0.5059	Remote Similarity	NPC473938

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC96095 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6656
0.1-0.2	2444
0.2-0.3	40
0.3-0.4	4
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	3
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	2
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.7424	Intermediate Similarity	NPD7515	Phase 2
0.7206	Intermediate Similarity	NPD7748	Pre-clinical
0.6712	Remote Similarity	NPD7902	Phase 4
0.5326	Remote Similarity	NPD8328	Phase 2
0.5125	Remote Similarity	NPD7900	Approved
0.5125	Remote Similarity	NPD7901	Clinical (unspecified phase)

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data