NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC91601

Natural Product ID	NPC91601
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	UHDLSEIMWUMGBH-AIFXNBKTSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	n.a.
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives [CHEMONTID:0001125] Steroid lactones [CHEMONTID:0001555] Cardenolides and derivatives [CHEMONTID:0001559] Cardenolide glycosides and derivatives

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 98103 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -7.5037 3.8604 -0.4923 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.1832 2.5967 -0.9763 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.9497 2.9621 -2.2457 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1303 1.6128 -1.3637 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2314 1.2565 -0.2373 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4534 1.8024 0.8726 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1897 0.3856 -0.3201 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3045 0.0001 0.6943 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8800 0.3821 0.4162 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0846 -0.6946 1.0579 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6907 -0.8550 0.6299 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2991 0.0238 1.3638 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.6529 -0.6211 1.1322 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7268 -1.3656 -0.1511 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1700 -1.4473 -0.5934 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7541 -0.1470 -0.9980 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7722 0.9223 -1.3361 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4589 0.4898 -1.8276 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9226 -0.8025 -1.2740 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0521 -1.8115 -2.4294 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5533 -0.6825 -0.8612 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4370 -1.6364 -1.5442 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6974 -2.0573 -0.9489 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8651 -1.9149 0.5502 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3513 -3.1246 1.2351 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2600 -1.5042 0.8956 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7921 -1.8265 2.2106 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3086 -2.3821 3.2755 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3286 -2.4600 4.3495 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1260 -2.9528 5.4878 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4710 -1.9030 3.8390 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2288 -1.4869 2.5462 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.5256 0.3380 0.0834 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8788 0.3991 -0.2397 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2568 1.8749 -0.1973 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7713 1.9641 -0.3910 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3661 1.1524 0.7670 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9176 -0.2827 0.5248 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6499 -1.1683 1.4920 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5606 -0.3397 0.7210 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7284 1.5891 1.9253 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0733 1.2620 -1.5465 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.7650 2.0059 -2.4817 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.1468 -0.5480 2.4190 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4779 3.9025 -0.8989 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0457 4.7444 -0.8822 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.4826 3.9066 0.6257 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.8874 2.2012 -0.2155 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.2081 2.9873 -3.0689 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.6579 2.1324 -2.4879 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.4501 3.9362 -2.1662 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.4926 2.1012 -2.1450 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5794 0.7235 -1.8112 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5984 0.5088 1.6231 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6382 1.4009 0.7892 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8069 0.3641 -0.7093 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3730 -1.9008 0.8319 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0143 -0.0064 2.4400 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2620 1.0765 1.0525 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7526 -1.3851 1.9611 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4855 0.0883 1.3113 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3961 -2.4387 -0.0231 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7372 -1.8821 0.2819 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2229 -2.2441 -1.3755 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4837 -0.3488 -1.8320 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6530 1.6622 -0.4888 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.2599 1.5495 -2.1442 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6997 1.2792 -1.5446 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4332 0.5135 -2.9582 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2849 -1.6605 -3.1947 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0335 -1.5767 -2.9423 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1637 -2.8390 -2.0621 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8200 0.3796 -1.0786 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8305 -2.5705 -1.7533 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6128 -1.2302 -2.5880 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5319 -1.4538 -1.3984 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9484 -3.1144 -1.2087 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7216 -3.6902 0.4512 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.5943 -2.9545 2.0290 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1161 -3.8956 1.4873 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8991 -1.9744 0.0732 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3225 -2.7622 3.4760 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.9129 -1.8703 1.7822 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.2369 -0.3573 2.5112 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0812 0.0559 -1.2702 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8122 2.3229 -1.1145 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.9155 2.3793 0.7075 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.1180 2.9972 -0.3804 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.4507 1.2466 0.8122 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.1259 -0.5368 -0.5266 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.4720 -0.7348 2.5157 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3228 -2.2045 1.4228 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.7191 -1.1026 1.2822 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.7835 2.5746 2.0020 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.1684 2.8772 -2.7793 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.0028 1.3209 -3.3271 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.7287 2.3289 -1.9975 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4729 0.3070 2.7448 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 2 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 2 0 5 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 6 19 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 1 24 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 2 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 2 0 29 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 16 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 34 35 1 0 35 36 1 0 36 37 1 0 37 38 1 0 38 39 1 0 38 40 1 0 37 41 1 0 36 42 1 0 42 43 1 0 10 44 1 1 26 8 1 0 32 27 1 0 40 34 1 0 24 10 1 0 21 11 1 0 19 14 1 0 1 45 1 0 1 46 1 0 1 47 1 0 2 48 1 0 3 49 1 0 3 50 1 0 3 51 1 0 4 52 1 0 4 53 1 0 8 54 1 1 9 55 1 0 9 56 1 0 11 57 1 6 12 58 1 0 12 59 1 0 13 60 1 0 13 61 1 0 14 62 1 1 15 63 1 0 15 64 1 0 16 65 1 6 17 66 1 0 17 67 1 0 18 68 1 0 18 69 1 0 20 70 1 0 20 71 1 0 20 72 1 0 21 73 1 1 22 74 1 0 22 75 1 0 23 76 1 0 23 77 1 0 25 78 1 0 25 79 1 0 25 80 1 0 26 81 1 6 28 82 1 0 32 83 1 0 32 84 1 0 34 85 1 6 35 86 1 0 35 87 1 0 36 88 1 6 37 89 1 1 38 90 1 6 39 91 1 0 39 92 1 0 39 93 1 0 41 94 1 0 43 95 1 0 43 96 1 0 43 97 1 0 44 98 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	UHDLSEIMWUMGBH-AIFXNBKTSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C35H54O9/c1-19(2)13-29(37)44-27-17-35(39)25-8-7-22-15-23(43-30-16-26(40-6)32(38)20(3)42-30)9-11-33(22,4)24(25)10-12-34(35,5)31(27)21-14-28(36)41-18-21/h14,19-20,22-27,30-32,38-39H,7-13,15-18H2,1-6H3/t20-,22-,23-,24+,25-,26+,27-,30+,31+,32+,33+,34-,35+/m1/s1
SMILES	CC(C)CC(=O)O[C@@H]1C[C@@]2([C@@H]3CC[C@@H]4C[C@@H](CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]1C1=CC(=O)OC1)O[C@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](C)O1)O)OC)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	618.38	Volume:	633.78 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.976	LogP:	4.443 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	4.029 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-4.99 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	8.0	Rigid Bonds:	33.0
TPSA:	120.75 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	9.0
H-Bond Donor:	2.0	Rings:	6.0
Heavy Atoms:	9.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.309	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.325	Fsp³:	0.886
MCE-18:	110.576 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.928	Fluc inhibitor:	0.001 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.011 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.001 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.162	Promiscuous compounds:	0.68

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.273	MDCK Permeability:	-4.986
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.095	Pgp-substrate:	0.915
PAMPA:	0.793 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.008
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.217	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.134
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.998

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.782	MRP1:	0.867
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	81.298%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.251
Fu:	11.828% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.987
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.896	BCRP inhibitor:	0.012
BSEP inhibitor:	0.975

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.144	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.02
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.016
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.001
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	1.0	CYP3A4-substrate:	1.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.116
HLM stability:	0.604 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

5.778

Half-life (T1/2):

1.905

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.111	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.502
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.82	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.989
AMES Toxicity:	0.991	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.97
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.996	Skin Sensitization:	1.0
Carcinogencity:	0.971	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.006	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.983
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.282	Ototoxicity:	0.683
Hematotoxicity:	0.959	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.999
Genotoxicity:	0.999	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.828
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.882	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.904
BCF:	0.545 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.405 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.167 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.464 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO13325	Plantago lanceolata	Species	Plantaginaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1038/ncomms4886]
NPO26266	Isodon japonicus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1039/C39730000707]
NPO1071	Parerythropodium fulvum	Species	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[11277760]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	leaves	Niigata City, Niigata Province, Japan	2000-Nov	PMID[15730243]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16933868]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17253842]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	stems and twigs	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17595134]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	stems and twigs	Niigata City, Niigata Province, Japan	2001-NOV	PMID[17595134]
NPO26266	Isodon japonicus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18491868]
NPO3936	Malva sylvestris	Species	Malvaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[19731587]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[29693393]
NPO3936	Malva sylvestris	Species	Malvaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[37726667]
NPO3936	Malva sylvestris	Species	Malvaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[39382805]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	Leaves; Stems	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[9214727]
NPO1607	Croton rhamnifolius	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO2342	Cytisus scoparius	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO2518	Crinum kirkii	Species	Amaryllidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO2361	Aconitum brevicalcaratum	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO3146	Ammodendron conollyi	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO351	Cirsium dipsacolepis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO6377	Cocculus diversifolius	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO13325	Plantago lanceolata	Species	Plantaginaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO8585	Verpa digitaliformis	Species	Morchellaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO1308	Veronica pectinata	Species	Plantaginaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO15583	Tripodanthus acutifolius	Species	Loranthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO6776	Trifolium apertum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO715	Teucrium pestalozzae	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO5197	Streptomyces eurythermus	Species	Streptomycetaceae	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO6974	Solanum racemigerum	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO20132	Scutellaria seleriana	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO7097	Rhynchosporium orthosporum	Species	n.a.	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO8840	Ptilidium ciliare	Species	Ptilidiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO4253	Viguiera annua	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO1071	Parerythropodium fulvum	Species	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO4082	Ophiarthrum elegans	Species	Ophiocomidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO6520	Myrica multiflora	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO3664	Mesembryanthemum anatomicum	Species	Aizoaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO3936	Malva sylvestris	Species	Malvaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO8472	Knightia deplanchei	Species	Proteaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26266	Isodon japonicus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO2747	Hypericum triquetrifolium	Species	Hypericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO5591	Fucus spiralis	Species	Fucaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO5980	Eria subsessilis	Species	Orchidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO13325	Plantago lanceolata	Species	Plantaginaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO6520	Myrica multiflora	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO2342	Cytisus scoparius	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO3936	Malva sylvestris	Species	Malvaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO3664	Mesembryanthemum anatomicum	Species	Aizoaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO2747	Hypericum triquetrifolium	Species	Hypericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO13325	Plantago lanceolata	Species	Plantaginaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO2747	Hypericum triquetrifolium	Species	Hypericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO3664	Mesembryanthemum anatomicum	Species	Aizoaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO6520	Myrica multiflora	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO2518	Crinum kirkii	Species	Amaryllidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO3936	Malva sylvestris	Species	Malvaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO2342	Cytisus scoparius	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO2342	Cytisus scoparius	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26266	Isodon japonicus	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO5591	Fucus spiralis	Species	Fucaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO20132	Scutellaria seleriana	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2747	Hypericum triquetrifolium	Species	Hypericaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO715	Teucrium pestalozzae	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO8472	Knightia deplanchei	Species	Proteaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO15583	Tripodanthus acutifolius	Species	Loranthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO8840	Ptilidium ciliare	Species	Ptilidiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2342	Cytisus scoparius	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO4082	Ophiarthrum elegans	Species	Ophiocomidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2361	Aconitum brevicalcaratum	Species	Ranunculaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO6776	Trifolium apertum	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO5197	Streptomyces eurythermus	Species	Streptomycetaceae	Bacteria	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO351	Cirsium dipsacolepis	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1071	Parerythropodium fulvum	Species	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3936	Malva sylvestris	Species	Malvaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3664	Mesembryanthemum anatomicum	Species	Aizoaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO8585	Verpa digitaliformis	Species	Morchellaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO6377	Cocculus diversifolius	Species	Menispermaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO7097	Rhynchosporium orthosporum	Species	n.a.	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO6974	Solanum racemigerum	Species	Solanaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO13325	Plantago lanceolata	Species	Plantaginaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1607	Croton rhamnifolius	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO6520	Myrica multiflora	Species	Myricaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO5980	Eria subsessilis	Species	Orchidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3146	Ammodendron conollyi	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2518	Crinum kirkii	Species	Amaryllidaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO4253	Viguiera annua	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1308	Veronica pectinata	Species	Plantaginaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO10021	Nerium oleander	Species	Apocynaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC91601 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	15246
0.1-0.2	30791
0.2-0.3	3479
0.3-0.4	181
0.4-0.5	100
0.5-0.6	34
0.6-0.7	10
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	4
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.9359	High Similarity	NPC103534
0.9359	High Similarity	NPC44899
0.9359	High Similarity	NPC304260
0.9359	High Similarity	NPC29639
0.7683	Intermediate Similarity	NPC99080
0.759	Intermediate Similarity	NPC84949
0.759	Intermediate Similarity	NPC480562
0.759	Intermediate Similarity	NPC74945
0.759	Intermediate Similarity	NPC31354
0.759	Intermediate Similarity	NPC69576
0.7356	Intermediate Similarity	NPC488935
0.7356	Intermediate Similarity	NPC5883
0.7356	Intermediate Similarity	NPC488936
0.6444	Remote Similarity	NPC483822
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC488943
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC488938
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC488937
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC488942
0.6327	Remote Similarity	NPC475219
0.6087	Remote Similarity	NPC484202
0.6058	Remote Similarity	NPC488945
0.6058	Remote Similarity	NPC488946
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC488947
0.5934	Remote Similarity	NPC479356
0.5934	Remote Similarity	NPC34390
0.5934	Remote Similarity	NPC479355
0.5934	Remote Similarity	NPC477580
0.5914	Remote Similarity	NPC93883
0.5889	Remote Similarity	NPC471633
0.5882	Remote Similarity	NPC119855
0.587	Remote Similarity	NPC199428
0.587	Remote Similarity	NPC109448
0.587	Remote Similarity	NPC152615
0.587	Remote Similarity	NPC310341
0.5806	Remote Similarity	NPC180079
0.56	Remote Similarity	NPC55532
0.5543	Remote Similarity	NPC99620
0.5521	Remote Similarity	NPC193893
0.5474	Remote Similarity	NPC290693
0.5464	Remote Similarity	NPC72260
0.5312	Remote Similarity	NPC484212
0.5263	Remote Similarity	NPC5311
0.5248	Remote Similarity	NPC603096
0.5204	Remote Similarity	NPC268326
0.5204	Remote Similarity	NPC153085
0.5196	Remote Similarity	NPC231518
0.5196	Remote Similarity	NPC488944
0.5192	Remote Similarity	NPC486146
0.5185	Remote Similarity	NPC475419
0.5158	Remote Similarity	NPC481208
0.5146	Remote Similarity	NPC486143
0.5146	Remote Similarity	NPC486142
0.5146	Remote Similarity	NPC486149
0.5053	Remote Similarity	NPC479351
0.5053	Remote Similarity	NPC479352
0.5046	Remote Similarity	NPC120390
0.5046	Remote Similarity	NPC74259

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC91601 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6056
0.1-0.2	2974
0.2-0.3	104
0.3-0.4	5
0.4-0.5	3
0.5-0.6	6
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.6421	Remote Similarity	NPD8377	Phase 4
0.5859	Remote Similarity	NPD8378	Pre-clinical
0.5859	Remote Similarity	NPD8379	Approved
0.5464	Remote Similarity	NPD8294	Phase 4
0.5196	Remote Similarity	NPD8033	Approved
0.5155	Remote Similarity	NPD8335	Phase 4
0.5102	Remote Similarity	NPD7516	Pre-clinical

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data