Natural Product: NPC605831

Natural Product IDNPC605831
Common Name
?
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
 WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier CHEMBL284104
PubChem CID n.a.
Chemical Classification
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000002] Organoheterocyclic compounds
      • [CHEMONTID:0000089] Pyridines and derivatives
        • [CHEMONTID:0001322] Pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives
          • [CHEMONTID:0002414] Pyridinecarboxylic acids

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

  Chemical Representations

Standard InCHIKey WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI InChI=1S/C7H5NO4/c9-6(10)4-2-1-3-5(8-4)7(11)12/h1-3H,(H,9,10)(H,11,12)
SMILES O=C(O)c1cccc(C(=O)O)n1

  Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:   167.02 Volume:   154.047
?
Van der Waals volume.
Dense:   1.084 LogP:   0.891
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:   0.788
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
 LogS:   -1.761
?
The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:   2.0 Rigid Bonds:   8.0
TPSA:   87.49
?
Topological Polar Surface Area.
 H-Bond Acceptor:   5.0
H-Bond Donor:   2.0 Rings:   1.0
Heavy Atoms:   5.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:   0.668 GASA:   0.0
?
GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:   1.89 Fsp3:   0.0
MCE-18:   7.0
?
MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
 Lipinski Rule-of-5:   Rejected
Pfizer Rule:   Rejected GSK Rule:   Rejected
Golden Triangle Rule:   Accepted BMS Rule:   0
Chelating Alert:   1 PAINS Alert:   0
Colloidal aggregators:   0.002 Fluc inhibitor:   0.004
?
The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:   0.033
?
The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
 Green fluorescence:   0.223
?
The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:   0.704 Promiscuous compounds:   0.126

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:   -5.189 MDCK Permeability:   -4.725
Pgp-inhibitor:   0.0 Pgp-substrate:   0.032
PAMPA:   1.0
?
The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
 Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   0.245
20% Bioavailability (F20%):   0.085 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   0.039
50% Bioavailability (F50%):   0.072

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   0.001 MRP1:   0.993
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   72.912% Volume Distribution (VD):   -0.699
Fu: 22.435%
?
The fraction unbound in plasms.
 OATP1B1 inhibitor:   0.464
OATP1B3 inhibitor:   0.961 BCRP inhibitor:   0.0
BSEP inhibitor:   0.001

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:   0.018 CYP1A2-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C19-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:   0.483 CYP2C9-substrate:   0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2D6-substrate:   0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:   0.007 CYP3A4-substrate:   0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:   0.0 CYP2C8-inhibitor:   0.0
HLM stability:   0.0
?
Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  1.807 Half-life (T1/2):  1.538

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.016 hERG Blockers (10um):  0.015
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.509 Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.893
AMES Toxicity:  0.274 Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.279
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.051 Skin Sensitization:  0.48
Carcinogencity:  0.221 Eye Corrosion:  0.665
Eye Irritation:  0.995 Respiratory Toxicity:  0.626
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:  0.261 Ototoxicity:  0.54
Hematotoxicity:  0.509 Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:  0.783
Genotoxicity:  0.56 RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:  0.013
A549 Cytotoxicity:  0.001 Hek293 Cytotoxicity:  0.006
BCF:   0.354
?
Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
 IGC50:   2.492
?
48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:   3.406
?
48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
 LC50FM:   3.16
?
96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO54727 Streptomyces globisporus 0234 Genus Streptomycetaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID Organism Name Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



 Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT280 Individual protein Matrix metalloproteinase 9 Homo sapiens Inhibition = -7.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT1598 Individual protein Casein kinase II alpha Homo sapiens Delta Tm = -0.5 degrees C PMID[28495381]
NPT150 Individual protein Anthrax lethal factor Bacillus anthracis Inhibition = 83.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT210 Individual protein Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor Homo sapiens Potency = 1584.9 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT233 Individual protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Inhibition < 5.0 % PMID[37585683]
NPT270 Individual protein Nitric oxide synthase, inducible Mus musculus Inhibition = 20.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT55 Individual protein Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase Giardia intestinalis Potency = 28183.8 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT3989 Individual protein Beta-lactamase L1 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Activity = 92.0 % PMID[17307979]
NPT28417 Single protein Beta-lactamase NDM-1 Bacteria IC50 = 7000.0 nM PMID[37585683]
NPT3990 Individual protein Beta-lactamase 2 Bacillus cereus IC50 = 21800.0 nM PMID[14980686]
NPT3994 Individual protein Metallo beta-lactamase Pseudomonas aeruginosa Activity = 2.0 % PMID[17307979]
NPT3994 Individual protein Metallo beta-lactamase Pseudomonas aeruginosa Activity = 72.0 % PMID[17307979]
NPT50 Individual protein Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 Homo sapiens Potency = 1412.5 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT3989 Individual protein Beta-lactamase L1 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia IC50 = 7800.0 nM PMID[14980686]
NPT24379 Single protein Metallo-beta-lactamase type 2 Serratia marcescens IC50 = 3030.0 nM PMID[28809565]
NPT69 Individual protein Matrix metalloproteinase-1 Homo sapiens Inhibition = 7.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT48 Individual protein Lysine-specific demethylase 4D-like Homo sapiens Potency = 8912.5 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT3991 Individual protein Dihydrodipicolinate synthase-like, mitochondrial Homo sapiens Ki = 11000000.0 nM PMID[18077163]
NPT24379 Single protein Metallo-beta-lactamase type 2 Serratia marcescens Inhibition > 60.0 % PMID[28809565]
NPT5475 Individual protein Beta-lactamase VIM-2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa IC50 = 1660.0 nM PMID[28809565]
NPT684 Individual protein Histone deacetylase 1 Homo sapiens Inhibition < 5.0 % PMID[37585683]
NPT3995 Individual protein Beta-lactamase VIM-1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa IC50 = 41600.0 nM PMID[18644957]
NPT48 Individual protein Lysine-specific demethylase 4D-like Homo sapiens IC50 = 250000.0 nM PMID[34792334]
NPT5475 Individual protein Beta-lactamase VIM-2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Inhibition > 60.0 % PMID[28809565]
NPT567 Individual protein Matrix metalloproteinase 3 Homo sapiens Inhibition = 54.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT792 Individual protein Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase Homo sapiens Potency = 1000.0 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT24374 Single protein Beta-lactamase Aeromonas hydrophila Activity = 12.0 % PMID[17307979]
NPT3993 Individual protein Dihydrodipicolinate synthase Mycobacterium tuberculosis Inhibition = 75.0 % PMID[18054225]
NPT652 Individual protein Beta-lactamase TEM Escherichia coli IC50 n.a. n.a. nM PMID[14980686]
NPT3996 Individual protein Class B carbapenemase VIM-13 Pseudomonas aeruginosa IC50 = 48000.0 nM PMID[18644957]
NPT4435 Individual protein Dihydrodipicolinate synthase Escherichia coli K-12 IC50 = 400000.0 nM DOI[10.1039/C9MD00107G]
NPT4435 Individual protein Dihydrodipicolinate synthase Escherichia coli K-12 Ki = 11000000.0 nM DOI[10.1039/C9MD00107G]
NPT569 Individual protein Matrix metalloproteinase 8 Homo sapiens Inhibition = 17.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT570 Individual protein Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase Homo sapiens Inhibition = 31.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT49 Individual protein DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase Homo sapiens Potency n.a. 7943.3 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT53 Individual protein 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase ffp Bacillus subtilis Potency = 3981.1 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT568 Individual protein Matrix metalloproteinase-2 Homo sapiens Inhibition < 5.0 % PMID[37585683]
NPT3997 Individual protein Hematopoietic cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase 70Z-PEP Homo sapiens Inhibition n.a. n.a. % PMID[24997687]
NPT56 Individual protein Beta-lactamase AmpC Escherichia coli K-12 IC50 n.a. n.a. nM PMID[14980686]
NPT43 Individual protein Tyrosinase Agaricus bisporus Inhibition = 99.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT3992 Individual protein Dihydrodipicolinate synthase Bacillus anthracis Inhibition = 80.0 % PMID[18054225]
NPT56 Individual protein Beta-lactamase AmpC Escherichia coli K-12 Potency = 2818.4 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT3997 Individual protein Hematopoietic cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase 70Z-PEP Homo sapiens Activity n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[24997687]
NPT3581 Individual protein Dihydrodipicolinate synthase Streptomyces coelicolor (strain ATCC BAA-471 / A3(2) / M145) IC50 = 400000.0 nM DOI[10.1016/0960-894X(94)85023-2]
NPT23196 Single protein 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase Homo sapiens IC50 = 15200.0 nM PMID[33369426]
NPT23196 Single protein 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde decarboxylase Homo sapiens Ki = 15200.0 nM PMID[33369426]
NPT568 Individual protein Matrix metalloproteinase-2 Homo sapiens Inhibition = -6.0 % PMID[21189019]
NPT5 Individual protein Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, H3 lysine-9 specific 3 Homo sapiens Potency n.a. 794.3 nM PubChem BioAssay data set

In vitro activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 > 501187.23 nM PMID[30351002]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Potency = 36.6 nM PubChem BioAssay data set
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Activity = 96.0 % PMID[17307979]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Activity = 95.0 % PMID[17307979]
NPT28833 No target No relevant target n.a. Activity n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[28809565]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Activity n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[28809565]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 7800.0 nM PMID[24583353]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[30470495]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 8800.0 nM PMID[30470495]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Ki = 92000.0 nM PMID[24507924]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 15610.0 nM PMID[37585683]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Activity = 88.0 % PMID[17307979]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 61500.0 nM PMID[30470495]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 23600.0 nM PMID[30470495]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Inhibition = 67.0 % PMID[18054225]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. MIC <= 0.031 ug.mL-1 PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Activity = 20.0 % PMID[28809565]
NPT28833 No target No relevant target n.a. Inhibition > 95.0 % PMID[34046606]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Activity n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[18942826]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 21800.0 nM PMID[24583353]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. MIC = 16.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Ki = 3000.0 nM PMID[17470648]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. MIC = 1.0 ug.mL-1 PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Inhibition = 1.0 % PMID[18054225]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Ki = 2700000.0 nM PMID[24507924]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 1130.0 nM PMID[34391033]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 520.0 nM PMID[28809565]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Activity = 77.0 % PMID[17307979]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Inhibition = 76.0 % PMID[18054225]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 120000.0 nM PMID[18942826]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. FC >= 64.0 n.a. PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. FC = 64.0 n.a. PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. MIC = 0.5 ug.mL-1 PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 10000.0 nM PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. FC = 2.0 n.a. PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. MIC <= 0.5 ug.mL-1 PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. FC = 128.0 n.a. PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 > 500000.0 nM PMID[30351002]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. FC = 16.0 n.a. PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 64000.0 nM PMID[34792334]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. MIC <= 0.063 ug.mL-1 PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. MIC = 0.125 ug.mL-1 PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 29000.0 nM PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. MIC = 0.25 ug.mL-1 PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 410.0 nM PMID[28809565]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. FC = 32.0 n.a. PMID[34182755]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 250000.0 nM PMID[18942826]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 450.0 nM PMID[37585683]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Inhibition n.a. n.a. % PMID[28809565]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 88400.0 nM PMID[30470495]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 29400.0 nM PMID[30470495]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 9750.0 nM PMID[37585683]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. Inhibition > 60.0 % PMID[28809565]
NPT28438 Unchecked Unchecked n.a. IC50 = 6200.0 nM PMID[30470495]
NPT19 Organism Escherichia coli Escherichia coli Ki = 900000.0 nM PMID[7241506]

In vivo activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference





 Experimental ADME

Experiment Model Experiment Tissue ADME Type ADME Relation ADME Value ADME Unit Reference





 Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model Experiment Organism Toxicity Type Toxicity Relation Toxicity Value Toxicity Unit Reference
- Homo sapiens PAC-3 = 2000.0 mg/m3 ToxVal
- Homo sapiens PAC-2 = 330.0 mg/m3 ToxVal
- Homo sapiens PAC-1 = 30.0 mg/m3 ToxVal
- Homo sapiens MEG = 30.0 mg/m3 ToxVal
- Homo sapiens MEG = 50.0 mg/m3 ToxVal
- Homo sapiens MEG = 250.0 mg/m3 ToxVal

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption
Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]


  Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC605831 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.5556 Remote Similarity NPC302159
0.5385 Remote Similarity NPC311987
0.5185 Remote Similarity NPC328451

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC605831 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
NPD

Bioactivity similarity

  Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data