Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  212.06
Volume:  211.558
LogP:  1.378
LogD:  1.117
LogS:  -2.783
# Rotatable Bonds:  0
TPSA:  69.85
# H-Bond Aceptor:  4
# H-Bond Donor:  2
# Rings:  3
# Heavy Atoms:  4

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.557
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  2.849
Fsp3:  0.0
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Accepted
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Accepted
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  2

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -5.033
MDCK Permeability:  1.5303561667678878e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.005
Pgp-substrate:  0.998
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.086
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.575
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.993

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.251
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  75.32752227783203%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.882
Pgp-substrate:  38.476112365722656%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.991
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.931
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.336
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.082
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.088
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.484
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.936
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.903
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.057
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.153

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  2.107
Half-life (T1/2):  0.744

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.027
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.71
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.934
AMES Toxicity:  0.264
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.819
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.637
Skin Sensitization:  0.209
Carcinogencity:  0.451
Eye Corrosion:  0.011
Eye Irritation:  0.814
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.968

Download Data

Data Type Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
Source Organisms  
Biological Activities  
Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC208021

Natural Product ID:  NPC208021
Common Name*:   Propylformate
IUPAC Name:   propyl formate
Synonyms:  
Standard InCHIKey:  KFNNIILCVOLYIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-6-4-5/h4H,2-3H2,1H3
SMILES:  CCCOC=O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   CHEMBL2270393
PubChem CID:   8073
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000264] Organic acids and derivatives
      • [CHEMONTID:0000265] Carboxylic acids and derivatives
        • [CHEMONTID:0001093] Carboxylic acid derivatives
          • [CHEMONTID:0001238] Carboxylic acid esters

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota Flowers Tantempango, Hidalgo, Mexico 2019-May DOI[10.1007/s11130-020-00822-2]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[16297615]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. whole plant n.a. PMID[18543151]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[24358188]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[8778246]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO2837 Aloe spicata Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO2997 Aloe africana Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2997 Aloe africana Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT2 Others Unspecified Inhibition < 8.0 % PMID[465051]

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC208021 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.9545 High Similarity NPC8368
0.913 High Similarity NPC35155
0.8571 High Similarity NPC173862
0.8077 Intermediate Similarity NPC159398
0.7917 Intermediate Similarity NPC110107
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC32280
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC41485
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC3693
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC23508
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC8187
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPC2419
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPC201132
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPC166804
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPC127134
0.7083 Intermediate Similarity NPC308490
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC143211
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPC248233
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPC147054
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPC28246
0.68 Remote Similarity NPC30787
0.68 Remote Similarity NPC203105
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC88135
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC317739
0.6786 Remote Similarity NPC281943
0.6667 Remote Similarity NPC117411
0.6552 Remote Similarity NPC127696
0.6552 Remote Similarity NPC312003
0.6538 Remote Similarity NPC184593
0.6522 Remote Similarity NPC137050
0.64 Remote Similarity NPC37479
0.6333 Remote Similarity NPC5934
0.6333 Remote Similarity NPC21374
0.6333 Remote Similarity NPC265882
0.625 Remote Similarity NPC43196
0.625 Remote Similarity NPC37493
0.6207 Remote Similarity NPC55956
0.6154 Remote Similarity NPC133819
0.6129 Remote Similarity NPC40965
0.6129 Remote Similarity NPC281883
0.6129 Remote Similarity NPC12904
0.6071 Remote Similarity NPC211250
0.6 Remote Similarity NPC260610
0.6 Remote Similarity NPC61373
0.6 Remote Similarity NPC180423
0.6 Remote Similarity NPC232172
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC168714
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC322892
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC108238
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC178643
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC41007
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC286695
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC35371
0.5926 Remote Similarity NPC164646
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPC328688
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPC1502
0.5806 Remote Similarity NPC302611
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPC83726
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPC154396
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPC63354
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPC140229
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPC286498
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPC289974
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPC304927
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPC304786
0.5667 Remote Similarity NPC231957
0.5667 Remote Similarity NPC234005
0.5652 Remote Similarity NPC146289
0.56 Remote Similarity NPC237869
0.56 Remote Similarity NPC171090
0.56 Remote Similarity NPC327092

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC208021 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPD8989 Approved
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPD8547 Phase 2
0.6333 Remote Similarity NPD8856 Phase 2
0.6129 Remote Similarity NPD9636 Phase 2
0.6071 Remote Similarity NPD8992 Approved
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPD8200 Phase 2
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD8616 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.5769 Remote Similarity NPD8615 Phase 2
0.5758 Remote Similarity NPD900 Approved
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPD8188 Approved

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data