Natural Product: NPC123127

Natural Product ID:  NPC123127
Common Name:   5,7,8-Trimethoxycoumarin
IUPAC Name:   5,7,8-trimethoxychromen-2-one
Synonyms:   5,7,8-Trimethoxycoumarin
Molecular Formula:   C12H12O5
Standard InCHIKey:  MSFXSDYNQKVMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C12H12O5/c1-14-8-6-9(15-2)12(16-3)11-7(8)4-5-10(13)17-11/h4-6H,1-3H3
Canonical SMILES:  COc1cc(OC)c2c(c1OC)oc(=O)cc2
First Find Year:  
Max Developmental Stage:  
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   ;

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO7614 Laurus camphora Species Lauraceae Eukaryota UNPD*
NPO1100 Croton joufra Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota UNPD*
NPO8067 Pelargonium crispum Species Geraniaceae Eukaryota UNPD*
NPO4812 Cynometra hankei Species Fabaceae Eukaryota UNPD*
NPO854 Fucus serratus Species Fucaceae Eukaryota UNPD*
NPO24771 Boenninghausenia albiflora Species Rutaceae Eukaryota HerDing*
NPO6128 Hunteria eburnea Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota UNPD*
NPO1538 Lepechinia hastata Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota UNPD*
NPO9650 Zanthoxylum nitidum Species Rutaceae Eukaryota TCMSP*
NPO24079 Eucalyptus laevopinea Species Myrtaceae Eukaryota UNPD*
NPO24771 Boenninghausenia albiflora Species Rutaceae Eukaryota TCMID*
NPO3750 Solidago missouriensis Species Asteraceae Eukaryota UNPD*

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference
NPT466 Cell Line U-937 Homo sapiens CC50 > 2000000 nM 19716307
NPT466 Cell Line U-937 Homo sapiens IC50 > 400000 nM 19716307
NPT233 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase II Homo sapiens Ki = 9650 nM 22892213
NPT955 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase VII Homo sapiens Ki = 7010 nM 22892213
NPT947 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase I Homo sapiens Ki = 4310 nM 22892213
NPT3101 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase XIII Homo sapiens Ki = 3320 nM 22892213
NPT949 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase XII Homo sapiens Ki = 830 nM 22892213
NPT948 Individual Protein Carbonic anhydrase IX Homo sapiens Ki = 760 nM 22892213

  Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC123127 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
1.0 High Similarity NPC27239
0.9919 High Similarity NPC244799
0.9919 High Similarity NPC240722
0.976 High Similarity NPC137669
0.9683 High Similarity NPC241341
0.9683 High Similarity NPC233018
0.9683 High Similarity NPC36437
0.9606 High Similarity NPC309953
0.9531 High Similarity NPC240915
0.9457 High Similarity NPC82271
0.9457 High Similarity NPC126682
0.9457 High Similarity NPC167517
0.9449 High Similarity NPC319969
0.9444 High Similarity NPC19242
0.9385 High Similarity NPC52086
0.9385 High Similarity NPC148835
0.9385 High Similarity NPC95162
0.9385 High Similarity NPC76336
0.9385 High Similarity NPC139548
0.9385 High Similarity NPC20796
0.9385 High Similarity NPC20511
0.938 High Similarity NPC234865
0.9313 High Similarity NPC164148
0.9313 High Similarity NPC43500
0.9313 High Similarity NPC270256
0.9313 High Similarity NPC13067
0.9308 High Similarity NPC286843
0.9302 High Similarity NPC7163
0.9231 High Similarity NPC73071
0.9225 High Similarity NPC26673
0.9225 High Similarity NPC472522
0.9173 High Similarity NPC300611
0.9154 High Similarity NPC92830
0.9154 High Similarity NPC474600
0.9154 High Similarity NPC147030
0.9147 High Similarity NPC123954
0.9134 High Similarity NPC474616
0.9084 High Similarity NPC472521
0.9055 High Similarity NPC474670
0.9055 High Similarity NPC194841
0.9037 High Similarity NPC138212
0.9 High Similarity NPC137949
0.8984 High Similarity NPC474651
0.8984 High Similarity NPC474623
0.8976 High Similarity NPC127604
0.896 High Similarity NPC194626
0.8943 High Similarity NPC298796
0.8931 High Similarity NPC277021
0.8923 High Similarity NPC73738
0.8906 High Similarity NPC474821
0.8905 High Similarity NPC476450
0.8897 High Similarity NPC7439
0.8897 High Similarity NPC256555
0.8897 High Similarity NPC230157
0.8897 High Similarity NPC91492
0.8897 High Similarity NPC110067
0.8897 High Similarity NPC34245
0.8897 High Similarity NPC236419
0.8871 High Similarity NPC222175
0.8862 High Similarity NPC152306
0.8862 High Similarity NPC265547
0.8846 High Similarity NPC474617
0.8846 High Similarity NPC476399
0.8841 High Similarity NPC205361
0.8837 High Similarity NPC474636
0.8828 High Similarity NPC474632
0.881 High Similarity NPC288238
0.88 High Similarity NPC163200
0.879 High Similarity NPC281356
0.8777 High Similarity NPC15577
0.8777 High Similarity NPC231149
0.875 High Similarity NPC279851
0.875 High Similarity NPC472520
0.873 High Similarity NPC310373
0.873 High Similarity NPC144418
0.8714 High Similarity NPC96294
0.8714 High Similarity NPC139839
0.8712 High Similarity NPC5423
0.8712 High Similarity NPC245120
0.871 High Similarity NPC96705
0.8699 High Similarity NPC128633
0.8692 High Similarity NPC210674
0.8667 High Similarity NPC474521
0.8667 High Similarity NPC474530
0.8667 High Similarity NPC474540
0.8667 High Similarity NPC38874
0.8657 High Similarity NPC224941
0.8657 High Similarity NPC311430
0.8652 High Similarity NPC176903
0.8652 High Similarity NPC30688
0.8651 High Similarity NPC235190
0.8651 High Similarity NPC180006
0.864 High Similarity NPC308217
0.8629 High Similarity NPC304208
0.8629 High Similarity NPC52464
0.8605 High Similarity NPC27352
0.8605 High Similarity NPC471828
0.8605 High Similarity NPC471827
0.8594 High Similarity NPC273772
0.8594 High Similarity NPC472518
0.8594 High Similarity NPC154176
0.8594 High Similarity NPC109675
0.8594 High Similarity NPC173350
0.8594 High Similarity NPC108545
0.8594 High Similarity NPC290605
0.8592 High Similarity NPC120426
0.8592 High Similarity NPC21184
0.8592 High Similarity NPC294522
0.8592 High Similarity NPC114740
0.8592 High Similarity NPC205727
0.8582 High Similarity NPC48366
0.8582 High Similarity NPC111635
0.8561 High Similarity NPC79184
0.8561 High Similarity NPC185127
0.8561 High Similarity NPC471763
0.8561 High Similarity NPC307042
0.855 High Similarity NPC199204
0.8538 High Similarity NPC101894
0.8538 High Similarity NPC471826
0.8537 High Similarity NPC87563
0.8531 High Similarity NPC213197
0.8529 High Similarity NPC474886
0.8529 High Similarity NPC476171
0.8527 High Similarity NPC201667
0.8527 High Similarity NPC27671
0.8527 High Similarity NPC73413
0.8521 High Similarity NPC313334
0.8521 High Similarity NPC212670
0.8521 High Similarity NPC206264
0.8516 High Similarity NPC248429
0.8516 High Similarity NPC96286
0.8511 High Similarity NPC178129
0.8511 High Similarity NPC476347
0.8507 High Similarity NPC167111
0.8507 High Similarity NPC133956
0.8507 High Similarity NPC471910
0.8507 High Similarity NPC318400
0.8507 High Similarity NPC474810
0.8507 High Similarity NPC296624
0.8507 High Similarity NPC207002
0.8504 High Similarity NPC267064
0.8489 Intermediate Similarity NPC6568
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC153547
0.8485 Intermediate Similarity NPC168710
0.8472 Intermediate Similarity NPC264875
0.8472 Intermediate Similarity NPC120774
0.8472 Intermediate Similarity NPC163598
0.8462 Intermediate Similarity NPC300326
0.8462 Intermediate Similarity NPC58279
0.8451 Intermediate Similarity NPC476348
0.8451 Intermediate Similarity NPC187398
0.845 Intermediate Similarity NPC315807
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC74655
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC166672
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC198381
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC195343
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC319859
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC84894
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC47163
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC164269
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC18804
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC55149
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC307412
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC100986
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC287182
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC260265
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC267412
0.8444 Intermediate Similarity NPC127888
0.8433 Intermediate Similarity NPC14248
0.8421 Intermediate Similarity NPC80170
0.8417 Intermediate Similarity NPC469564
0.8413 Intermediate Similarity NPC124916
0.8409 Intermediate Similarity NPC185066
0.8409 Intermediate Similarity NPC109275
0.8397 Intermediate Similarity NPC244364
0.8397 Intermediate Similarity NPC188327
0.8397 Intermediate Similarity NPC234109
0.8385 Intermediate Similarity NPC111347
0.8385 Intermediate Similarity NPC283170
0.8385 Intermediate Similarity NPC92869
0.8385 Intermediate Similarity NPC191768
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC471625
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC471909
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC281241
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC472424
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC86892
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC33986
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC472525
0.8382 Intermediate Similarity NPC469675
0.838 Intermediate Similarity NPC52740
0.838 Intermediate Similarity NPC41844
0.8372 Intermediate Similarity NPC211231
0.8372 Intermediate Similarity NPC13007
0.8372 Intermediate Similarity NPC257188
0.8372 Intermediate Similarity NPC270326
0.837 Intermediate Similarity NPC222036
0.837 Intermediate Similarity NPC7526
0.8359 Intermediate Similarity NPC302107
0.8359 Intermediate Similarity NPC319378
0.8359 Intermediate Similarity NPC472596

  Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC123127 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.8521 High Similarity NPD1653 Approved
0.8295 Intermediate Similarity NPD422 Phase 1
0.8125 Intermediate Similarity NPD1940 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPD1008 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7868 Intermediate Similarity NPD1529 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7842 Intermediate Similarity NPD447 Suspended
0.7832 Intermediate Similarity NPD1652 Phase 2
0.7815 Intermediate Similarity NPD3817 Phase 2
0.7805 Intermediate Similarity NPD9697 Approved
0.7794 Intermediate Similarity NPD1530 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7794 Intermediate Similarity NPD3018 Phase 2
0.7778 Intermediate Similarity NPD919 Approved
0.777 Intermediate Similarity NPD1612 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.777 Intermediate Similarity NPD1613 Approved
0.7754 Intermediate Similarity NPD1296 Phase 2
0.7748 Intermediate Similarity NPD2801 Approved
0.7687 Intermediate Similarity NPD2981 Phase 2
0.768 Intermediate Similarity NPD1358 Approved
0.7669 Intermediate Similarity NPD3496 Discontinued
0.7634 Intermediate Similarity NPD5536 Phase 2
0.763 Intermediate Similarity NPD2982 Phase 2
0.763 Intermediate Similarity NPD2983 Phase 2
0.761 Intermediate Similarity NPD5844 Phase 1
0.7564 Intermediate Similarity NPD1247 Approved
0.7554 Intermediate Similarity NPD3027 Phase 3
0.7552 Intermediate Similarity NPD3748 Approved
0.7531 Intermediate Similarity NPD7549 Discontinued
0.7516 Intermediate Similarity NPD1465 Phase 2
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPD1511 Approved
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPD6859 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.75 Intermediate Similarity NPD5494 Approved
0.7481 Intermediate Similarity NPD1611 Approved
0.7467 Intermediate Similarity NPD6980 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7467 Intermediate Similarity NPD920 Approved
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPD1933 Approved
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPD5123 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPD230 Phase 1
0.7465 Intermediate Similarity NPD5124 Phase 1
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPD1934 Approved
0.7444 Intermediate Similarity NPD1548 Phase 1
0.7419 Intermediate Similarity NPD4868 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPD7314 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPD1512 Approved
0.7397 Intermediate Similarity NPD970 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7383 Intermediate Similarity NPD6799 Approved
0.7355 Intermediate Similarity NPD5402 Approved
0.7353 Intermediate Similarity NPD3705 Approved
0.7347 Intermediate Similarity NPD1243 Approved
0.7343 Intermediate Similarity NPD1899 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7328 Intermediate Similarity NPD5283 Phase 1
0.7323 Intermediate Similarity NPD3134 Approved
0.7319 Intermediate Similarity NPD3225 Approved
0.7308 Intermediate Similarity NPD3882 Suspended
0.7297 Intermediate Similarity NPD3750 Approved
0.7278 Intermediate Similarity NPD5677 Discontinued
0.726 Intermediate Similarity NPD3539 Phase 1
0.726 Intermediate Similarity NPD2796 Approved
0.726 Intermediate Similarity NPD1551 Phase 2
0.7259 Intermediate Similarity NPD5691 Approved
0.7252 Intermediate Similarity NPD5535 Approved
0.7246 Intermediate Similarity NPD4379 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7244 Intermediate Similarity NPD5353 Approved
0.7226 Intermediate Similarity NPD1610 Phase 2
0.7219 Intermediate Similarity NPD642 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7214 Intermediate Similarity NPD1019 Discontinued
0.7212 Intermediate Similarity NPD4338 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7211 Intermediate Similarity NPD3540 Phase 1
0.7206 Intermediate Similarity NPD1778 Approved
0.72 Intermediate Similarity NPD643 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7181 Intermediate Similarity NPD6398 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7179 Intermediate Similarity NPD2393 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7176 Intermediate Similarity NPD228 Approved
0.7174 Intermediate Similarity NPD9717 Approved
0.7152 Intermediate Similarity NPD4357 Discontinued
0.7152 Intermediate Similarity NPD5297 Approved
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPD2935 Discontinued
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPD3266 Approved
0.7143 Intermediate Similarity NPD3267 Approved
0.7125 Intermediate Similarity NPD7199 Phase 2
0.7117 Intermediate Similarity NPD3818 Discontinued
0.7115 Intermediate Similarity NPD6801 Discontinued
0.7113 Intermediate Similarity NPD4908 Phase 1
0.7113 Intermediate Similarity NPD6832 Phase 2
0.7105 Intermediate Similarity NPD5401 Approved
0.7101 Intermediate Similarity NPD1091 Approved
0.7097 Intermediate Similarity NPD6599 Discontinued
0.7081 Intermediate Similarity NPD6232 Discontinued
0.708 Intermediate Similarity NPD17 Approved
0.708 Intermediate Similarity NPD4626 Approved
0.7073 Intermediate Similarity NPD7054 Approved
0.707 Intermediate Similarity NPD7096 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.707 Intermediate Similarity NPD7819 Suspended
0.7068 Intermediate Similarity NPD1241 Discontinued
0.7055 Intermediate Similarity NPD2653 Approved
0.7039 Intermediate Similarity NPD6143 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPD7184 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPD3926 Phase 2
0.7037 Intermediate Similarity NPD5242 Approved
0.7034 Intermediate Similarity NPD4307 Phase 2
0.7034 Intermediate Similarity NPD4060 Phase 1
0.703 Intermediate Similarity NPD7472 Approved
0.7021 Intermediate Similarity NPD2797 Approved
0.7021 Intermediate Similarity NPD1203 Approved
0.702 Intermediate Similarity NPD5307 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7014 Intermediate Similarity NPD411 Approved
0.7014 Intermediate Similarity NPD4907 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.7013 Intermediate Similarity NPD5403 Approved
0.7007 Intermediate Similarity NPD5585 Approved
0.7006 Intermediate Similarity NPD37 Approved
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPD4749 Approved
0.7 Intermediate Similarity NPD290 Approved
0.6994 Remote Similarity NPD6167 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6994 Remote Similarity NPD6166 Phase 2
0.6994 Remote Similarity NPD6168 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6993 Remote Similarity NPD4378 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6986 Remote Similarity NPD4340 Discontinued
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPD4967 Phase 2
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPD4966 Approved
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPD4965 Approved
0.698 Remote Similarity NPD7266 Discontinued
0.6968 Remote Similarity NPD3686 Approved
0.6968 Remote Similarity NPD3687 Approved
0.6966 Remote Similarity NPD6233 Phase 2
0.6963 Remote Similarity NPD6671 Approved
0.6959 Remote Similarity NPD1510 Phase 2
0.6954 Remote Similarity NPD1878 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6951 Remote Similarity NPD7473 Discontinued
0.6943 Remote Similarity NPD5090 Approved
0.6943 Remote Similarity NPD6385 Approved
0.6943 Remote Similarity NPD6386 Approved
0.6943 Remote Similarity NPD5089 Approved
0.6937 Remote Similarity NPD7075 Discontinued
0.6933 Remote Similarity NPD1549 Phase 2
0.6929 Remote Similarity NPD1608 Approved
0.6928 Remote Similarity NPD7074 Phase 3
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPD2237 Approved
0.6923 Remote Similarity NPD2861 Phase 2
0.6918 Remote Similarity NPD1240 Approved
0.6914 Remote Similarity NPD8127 Discontinued
0.6914 Remote Similarity NPD6621 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6908 Remote Similarity NPD6190 Approved
0.6908 Remote Similarity NPD2219 Phase 1
0.6905 Remote Similarity NPD7808 Phase 3
0.6897 Remote Similarity NPD3268 Approved
0.6894 Remote Similarity NPD6234 Discontinued
0.6886 Remote Similarity NPD7993 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6886 Remote Similarity NPD6797 Phase 2
0.6884 Remote Similarity NPD9268 Approved
0.6883 Remote Similarity NPD3688 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6883 Remote Similarity NPD3146 Approved
0.6879 Remote Similarity NPD4675 Approved
0.6879 Remote Similarity NPD4678 Approved
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPD1550 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPD1375 Discontinued
0.6867 Remote Similarity NPD1552 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6861 Remote Similarity NPD7644 Approved
0.6857 Remote Similarity NPD1535 Discovery
0.6855 Remote Similarity NPD4585 Approved
0.6846 Remote Similarity NPD4308 Phase 3
0.6845 Remote Similarity NPD7251 Discontinued
0.6842 Remote Similarity NPD4628 Phase 3
0.6842 Remote Similarity NPD4109 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6842 Remote Similarity NPD4110 Phase 3
0.6839 Remote Similarity NPD3647 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6835 Remote Similarity NPD7411 Suspended
0.6832 Remote Similarity NPD4381 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6828 Remote Similarity NPD4625 Phase 3
0.6828 Remote Similarity NPD7095 Approved
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPD1607 Approved
0.6818 Remote Similarity NPD7837 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6818 Remote Similarity NPD2684 Approved
0.6815 Remote Similarity NPD6055 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6815 Remote Similarity NPD8158 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6809 Remote Similarity NPD9269 Phase 2
0.6809 Remote Similarity NPD1481 Phase 2
0.6806 Remote Similarity NPD9494 Approved
0.6803 Remote Similarity NPD1558 Phase 1
0.6794 Remote Similarity NPD968 Approved
0.6781 Remote Similarity NPD1699 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6781 Remote Similarity NPD6798 Discontinued
0.6781 Remote Similarity NPD6410 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6779 Remote Similarity NPD6111 Discontinued
0.6776 Remote Similarity NPD7421 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6774 Remote Similarity NPD1424 Approved
0.6772 Remote Similarity NPD4380 Phase 2
0.677 Remote Similarity NPD7768 Phase 2
0.6763 Remote Similarity NPD1357 Approved
0.6761 Remote Similarity NPD4359 Approved
0.6759 Remote Similarity NPD5752 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6757 Remote Similarity NPD6355 Discontinued
0.6755 Remote Similarity NPD5763 Approved
0.6755 Remote Similarity NPD5762 Approved
0.6753 Remote Similarity NPD7124 Phase 2
0.6741 Remote Similarity NPD7843 Approved
0.6739 Remote Similarity NPD1408 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6735 Remote Similarity NPD1726 Clinical (unspecified phase)
0.6728 Remote Similarity NPD6971 Discontinued
0.6715 Remote Similarity NPD7157 Approved
0.6713 Remote Similarity NPD8651 Approved
0.6713 Remote Similarity NPD2922 Phase 1

Structure

External Identifiers

PubChem CID   6482974
ChEMBL   CHEMBL596221
ZINC  

Physicochemical Properties

Molecular Weight:  236.07
ALogP:  0.1146
MLogP:  2.23
XLogP:  1.163
# Rotatable Bonds:  6
Polar Surface Area:  53.99
# H-Bond Aceptor:  1
# H-Bond Donor:  0
# Rings:  2
# Heavy Atoms:  17

Download Data

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General Info & Identifiers & Properties  
Structure MOL file  
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Biological Activities  
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