CMAUP Plant Collective Molecular Activities

Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant: Codonopsis Pilosula Var. Modesta

Example Image

PLANiTS DNA barcode

Click for details-----ITS2

Taxonomic Information

Plant ID: NPO16741.1
Plant Latin Name: Codonopsis Pilosula Var. Modesta
Taxonomy Genus: Codonopsis
Taxonomy Family: Campanulaceae

Plant External Links:

NCBI TaxonomyDB: 86864
Plant-of-the-World-Online: n.a.

Geographical Distribution

See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available

Compounds Summary

Overview of Ingredients

21 All known Ingredients in Total

Unique ingredients have been isolated from this plant.
Plant-Ingredients Associations were manually curated from publications or collected from other databases.

13 Ingredients with Acceptable Bioavailablity

Unique ingredients exhibit acceptable human oral bioavailablity, according to the criteria of SwissADME [PMID: 28256516] and HobPre [PMID: 34991690]. The criteria details:

SwissADME: six descriptors are used by SwissADME to evaluate the oral bioavailability of a natural product:
  ☑ LIPO(Lipophility): -0.7 < XLOGP3 < +5.0
  ☑ SIZE: 150g/mol < MW < 500g/mol
  ☑ POLAR(Polarity): 20Å² < TPSA < 130Å²
  ☑ INSOLU(Insolubility): -6 < Log S (ESOL) < 0
  ☑ INSATU(Insaturation): 0.25 < Fraction Csp3 < 1
  ☑ FLEX(Flexibility): 0 < Num. rotatable bonds < 9

If 6 descriptors of a natural plant satisfy the above rules, it will be labeled high HOB.
HobPre: A natural plant ingredient with HobPre score >0.5 is labeled high human oral availability (HOB)

10 Ingredients with experimental-derived Activity

Unique ingredients have activity data available.

Ingredient Structrual Cards

Ingredient ID: NPC91920

Ingredient ID: NPC88686

Ingredient ID: NPC73306

Ingredient ID: NPC51700

Ingredient ID: NPC38069

Ingredient ID: NPC305835

Ingredient ID: NPC301715

Ingredient ID: NPC299545

Ingredient ID: NPC266020

Ingredient ID: NPC258130

Ingredient ID: NPC236454

Ingredient ID: NPC230301

Ingredient ID: NPC228346

Ingredient ID: NPC209970

Ingredient ID: NPC196776

Ingredient ID: NPC164127

Ingredient ID: NPC152451

Ingredient ID: NPC145879

Ingredient ID: NPC131192

Ingredient ID: NPC129206

Ingredient ID: NPC10781

Classification of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant

Target Activity Range: ≤ 1μM Target Type: Individual Protein of Homo sapiens

*The classification criteria of Drug Transporter (DTP), CYP450 are referred to DrugMap. Other molecular targets in CMAUP are classified as therapeutic targets.

Detailed Information of Target Proteins

Target Type	Protein Class	Gene ID	Protein Name	Uniprot ID	Target ChEMBL ID
Therapeutic Target	Enzyme	RECQL	ATP-dependent DNA helicase Q1	P46063	CHEMBL1293236
Therapeutic Target	Enzyme	CES1	Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase	P23141	CHEMBL2265
Therapeutic Target	Lyase	CA12	Carbonic anhydrase XII	O43570	CHEMBL3242
Therapeutic Target	Lyase	CA7	Carbonic anhydrase VII	P43166	CHEMBL2326
Therapeutic Target	Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1	RORC	Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma	P51449	CHEMBL1741186
Therapeutic Target	Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1	NR1H4	Bile acid receptor FXR	Q96RI1	CHEMBL2047
Therapeutic Target	Protein Phosphatase	CDC25B	Dual specificity phosphatase Cdc25B	P30305	CHEMBL4804
Therapeutic Target	Surface antigen	F3	Coagulation factor III	P13726	CHEMBL4081
Therapeutic Target	Transcription factor	RELA	Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit	Q04206	CHEMBL5533

Clinical Trials Summary

Overview

Clinical trials associated with plant from natural product (NP) & plant level:

Clinical trials type	Number of clinical trials
NP level	17

Clinical trial details

NCT ID	Title	Condition	Form in clinical use	Associated by plant or compound
NCT00694564	Evaluation of S-adenosyl Methionine (SAM-e) for Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Children	Abdominal pain	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT03418935	Remaxol® in Mechanical Jaundice of Non-malignant Origin	obstructive jaundice	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT01233492	Boron Phenylalanine With or Without Mannitol in Treating Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme	Central Nervous System Neoplasm	L-Phenylalanine (NPC10781)	NP level
NCT01419067	A Phase II Trial of Limited Surgery and Proton Therapy for Craniopharyngioma or Observation After Radical Resection	Craniopharyngioma	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT02903355	Phase 3 Clinical Trial: D-methionine to Reduce Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL)	noise-induced hearing loss	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT02337933	Effect of Ursolic Acid Administration on Insulin Sensitivity and Metabolic Syndrome	metabolic syndrome	Ursolic Acid (NPC51700)	NP level
NCT00573313	Effects of SAMe in Patients With Alcoholic Liver Disease	liver disease	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT00108589	S-Adenosylmethionine Therapy for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis	Hepatitis	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT01345474	Phase 3 Clinical Trial: D-methionine to Reduce Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL)	noise-induced hearing loss	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT02586285	Effect of S-Adenosyl Methionine Treatment on Recurrence After Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma	hepatocellular carcinoma	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT01871766	Risk-Adapted Focal Proton Beam Radiation and/or Surgery in Patients With Low, Intermediate and High Risk Rhabdomyosarcoma Receiving Standard or Intensified Chemotherapy	rhabdomyosarcoma	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT02125786	A Trial of Surgery and Fractionated Re-Irradiation for Recurrent Ependymoma	ependymoma	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT04403568	Testing the Synergism of Phytonutrients, Curcumin and Ursolic Acid, to Target Molecular Pathways in the Prostate	prostate cancer	Ursolic Acid (NPC51700)	NP level
NCT00475176	S-Adenosyl Methionine (SAMe) to Treat Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C	chronic hepatitis C virus infection	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT01140646	Evaluation of SAMe for Hot Flashes	Hot flashes	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level
NCT03216876	A Study Of Ursolic Acid For Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis	sclerosing cholangitis	Ursolic Acid (NPC51700)	NP level
NCT03887169	Administration of Methionine in Patients With Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis by Mutation of the MARS Gene.	pulmonary alveolar proteinosis	Methionine (NPC152451)	NP level

❱❱❱ Associated Human Diseases and Detailed Association Evidence

How do we define the Plant-Targeted Human Disease Association?
Associated human diseases of an individual plant are summurized based on FOUR types of association evidence, these include:
❶ Association by Therapeutic Target: Bioactive protein targets of the plant were defined in "Molecular Targets" section, target-disease associations collected from TTD database were subsequently used to build the associations between the plant and its targeted human diseases.
❷ Association by Disease Gene Reversion: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 plant target gene overlaped with disease's DEGs.
❸ Association by Clinical Trials of Plant: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 clinical trial (the plant is the intervetion) can be matched in ClinicalTrials.gov database.
❹ Association by Clinical Trials of Plant Ingredients: Plant and a specific disease will be associated when >= 1 clinical trial (the plant ingredient is the intervetion) can be matched in ClinicalTrials.gov database.

Associated Disease of the Plant	Association Type & Detailed Evidence
Adenocarcinoma of pancreas Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C10.0	AKR1B10,RECQL,CES1,F2,PTPN1,PTPRC,CA7,CDC25B
Mesothelioma of pleura Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C26.0	CA12,AKR1B10,RECQL,PTPRC,CA7,CDC25B
Hepatocellular carcinoma of liver Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C12.02	CA12,AKR1B10,CA12,AKR1B10,CDC25B
Solid tumour/cancer Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2A00-2F9Z	RORC,F3,CA12,RELA
Serous cystadenoma,borderline malignancy of ovary Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C73.4	CA12,AKR1B10,RORC,PTPRC
Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2A81	CA12,F3,RECQL,PTPN1
Squamous cell carcinoma of bronchus or lung Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C25.2	CA12,AKR1B10,F2,CA7
Adenocarcinoma of bronchus or lung Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C25.0	CA12,AKR1B10,F2,CA7
Germ cell tumour of testis Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C80.2	CA12,F2,PTPRC,CDC25B
Type 2 diabetes mellitus Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5A11	PTPN1,RELA,F2
Multiple sclerosis Disease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous system Disease ICD-11 Code: 8A40	RELA,F2,RORC
Psoriasis Disease Category: 14.Diseases of the skin Disease ICD-11 Code: EA90	RORC,RELA AKR1B10
Carcinosarcoma of uterus Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C76.43	AKR1B10,RORC,CA7
Leishmaniasis Disease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 1F54	PTPN1,AKR1B10,CDC25B
Other specified malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C90.Y	AKR1B10,PTPRC,F2
Tetralogy of Fallot Disease Category: 20.Developmental anomalies Disease ICD-11 Code: LA88.2	F3,RORC,F2
Glioblastoma of brain Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2A00.00	CA12,AKR1B10,PTPRC
Lung cancer Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C25	RORC,CDC25B
Bleeding disorder Disease Category: 16.Diseases of the genitourinary system Disease ICD-11 Code: GA20-GA21	F2,F3
Breast cancer Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C60-2C6Y	PTPN1,CA12
Metabolic disorder Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5C50-5D2Z	PTPN1 NCT02337933
Acute myeloid leukaemia Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2A60	RELA,PTPRC
Noise effects on inner ear Disease Category: 10.Diseases of the ear or mastoid process Disease ICD-11 Code: AB37	NCT02903355,NCT01345474
Hepatoblastoma Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C12.01	CA12,AKR1B10
Adenocarcinoma of stomach Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2B72.0	CDC25B,F2
Other specified malignant neoplasms ofcolon Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2B90.Y	F2,CDC25B
Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C25.Y	CA12,AKR1B10
Malignant neoplasms of thyroid gland, unspecified Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2D10.Z	CA12,CA7
Malignant neoplasms of corpus uteri, unspecified Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C76.Z	AKR1B10,F2
Malignant neoplasms of thymus Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C27	AKR1B10,PTPRC
Malignant neoplasms of adrenal gland Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2D11	CA12,CA7
Cardiovascular disease Disease Category: 11.Diseases of the circulatory system Disease ICD-11 Code: BA00-BE2Z	F2
Asthma Disease Category: 12.Diseases of the respiratory system Disease ICD-11 Code: CA23	F2
Malignant haematopoietic neoplasm Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2B33	PTPRC
Angina pectoris Disease Category: 11.Diseases of the circulatory system Disease ICD-11 Code: BA40	F2
Acute/subacute hepatic failure Disease Category: 13.Diseases of the digestive system Disease ICD-11 Code: DB91	RELA
Synthesis disorder Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5C52-5C59	CES1
BCR-ABL1-negative chronic myeloid leukaemia Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2A41	PTPRC
Choreiform disorder Disease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous system Disease ICD-11 Code: 8A01	RELA
Myocardial infarction Disease Category: 11.Diseases of the circulatory system Disease ICD-11 Code: BA41-BA43	F2
Transplant rejection Disease Category: 22.Injury, poisoning or certain other consequences of external causes Disease ICD-11 Code: NE84	PTPRC
Rheumatoid arthritis Disease Category: 15.Diseases of the musculoskeletal system or connective tissue Disease ICD-11 Code: FA20	RELA
Diabetes mellitus, type unspecified Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5A14	RELA
Bacterial infection Disease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 1A00-1C4Z	CA12
Acute diabete complication Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5A2Y	PTPN1
Muscular dystrophy Disease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous system Disease ICD-11 Code: 8C70	RELA
Crohn disease Disease Category: 13.Diseases of the digestive system Disease ICD-11 Code: DD70	RORC
Atopic eczema Disease Category: 14.Diseases of the skin Disease ICD-11 Code: EA80	RELA
Fungal infection Disease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 1F29-1F2F	RELA
Chronic arterial occlusive disease Disease Category: 11.Diseases of the circulatory system Disease ICD-11 Code: BD4Z	CES1
Postoperative inflammation Disease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 1A00-CA43	PTPN1
Peroxisomal disease Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5C57	CES1
Indeterminate colitis Disease Category: 13.Diseases of the digestive system Disease ICD-11 Code: DD72	RELA
Thrombocytopenia Disease Category: 03.Diseases of the blood or blood-forming organs Disease ICD-11 Code: 3B64	F2
Obesity Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5B80-5B81	PTPN1
Ophthalmic devices/implants/grafts injury Disease Category: 23.External causes of morbidity or mortality Disease ICD-11 Code: PK97	PTPN1
Ischaemic/haemorrhagic stroke Disease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous system Disease ICD-11 Code: 8B20	F2
Pancreatic cancer Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C10	F3
Coagulation defect Disease Category: 03.Diseases of the blood or blood-forming organs Disease ICD-11 Code: 3B10	F2
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2A81	PTPRC
Cerebral ischaemic stroke Disease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous system Disease ICD-11 Code: 8B11	F2
Nutritional deficiency Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5B50-5B71	F2
Coronary thrombosis Disease Category: 11.Diseases of the circulatory system Disease ICD-11 Code: BA43	F2
Transplanted organ/tissue Disease Category: 24.Factors influencing health status or contact with health services Disease ICD-11 Code: QB63	PTPRC
Mature T-cell lymphoma Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2A90	PTPRC
Autoimmune disease Disease Category: 04.Diseases of the immune system Disease ICD-11 Code: 4A40-4A45	RORC
Lupus erythematosus Disease Category: 04.Diseases of the immune system Disease ICD-11 Code: 4A40	RELA
Nasopharyngeal cancer Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2B6B	CDC25B
Thrombosis Disease Category: 13.Diseases of the digestive system Disease ICD-11 Code: DB61-GB90	F2
Acute respiratory distress syndrome Disease Category: 12.Diseases of the respiratory system Disease ICD-11 Code: CB00	F3
Seborrhoeic dermatitis Disease Category: 14.Diseases of the skin Disease ICD-11 Code: EA81	CA12
Skin and skin-structure infection Disease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 1F28-1G0Z	RELA
Irritable bowel syndrome Disease Category: 13.Diseases of the digestive system Disease ICD-11 Code: DD91	RELA
Hyper-lipoproteinaemia Disease Category: 05.Endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 5C80	CES1
Craniopharyngioma Disease Category: X.Extension Codes Disease ICD-11 Code: XH1AZ2	NCT01419067
Hepatocellular carcinoma, NOS Disease Category: X.Extension Codes Disease ICD-11 Code: XH4W48	NCT02586285
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis Disease Category: 12.Diseases of the respiratory system Disease ICD-11 Code: CB04.31	NCT03887169
Liver disease Disease Category: 13.Diseases of the digestive system Disease ICD-11 Code: DB90-DB10Z	NCT00573313
Prostate cancer Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C82	NCT04403568
Acute viral hepatitis Disease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 1E50	NCT00108589
Chronic hepatitis C Disease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 1E51.1	NCT00475176
Rhabdomyosarcoma, NOS Disease Category: X.Extension Codes Disease ICD-11 Code: XH0GA1	NCT01871766
Abdominal pelvic pain Disease Category: 21.Symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classified Disease ICD-11 Code: MD81	NCT00694564
Obstruction of bile duct Disease Category: 13.Diseases of the digestive system Disease ICD-11 Code: DC10.02	NCT03418935
Ependymoma, NOS Disease Category: X.Extension Codes Disease ICD-11 Code: XH1511	NCT02125786
Central nervous system disease Disease Category: 08.Diseases of the nervous system Disease ICD-11 Code: 8A04-8D87	NCT01233492
Flare or flash Disease Category: X.Extension Codes Disease ICD-11 Code: XE03F	NCT01140646
Primary sclerosing cholangitis Disease Category: 13.Diseases of the digestive system Disease ICD-11 Code: DB96.2	NCT03216876
Pheochromocytoma Disease Category: X.Extension Codes Disease ICD-11 Code: XH3854	RORC
Osteoarthritis, unspecified Disease Category: 15.Diseases of the musculoskeletal system or connective tissue Disease ICD-11 Code: FA0Z	CA12
Malignant neoplasms of biliary tract, distal bile duct Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C15	F3
Atrial fibrillation Disease Category: 11.Diseases of the circulatory system Disease ICD-11 Code: BC81.3	CA7
Malignant neoplasm metastasis in lymph nodes of head, face or neck Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2D60.0	F2
Melanoma of skin Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C30	PTPRC
Malignant neoplasms of oesophagus Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2B70	CDC25B
Systemic lupus erythematosus Disease Category: 04.Diseases of the immune system Disease ICD-11 Code: 4A40.0	F3
Chikungunya virus disease Disease Category: 01.Certain infectious or parasitic diseases Disease ICD-11 Code: 1D40	F3
Invasive carcinoma of breast Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2C61	CA12
Renal cell carcinoma, chromophobe type Disease Category: X.Extension Codes Disease ICD-11 Code: XH6153	CA12
Gliomas of brain Disease Category: 02.Neoplasms Disease ICD-11 Code: 2A00.0	AKR1B10

❱❱❱ Network Visualization of Plant-Targeted Human Disease Associations

Plant-Targeted Human Disease Network

Data Section	Select to Download
1. General Info & Plant Usage & Geographical Distribution
2. Plant Ingredients
3. Collective Molecular Proteins
4. Collective Enriched Activities
5. Plant molecular targets overlapping with DEGs
6. Associated clinical trials
7. Associated Human Diseases

Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant: Codonopsis Pilosula Var. Modesta

Click for details-----ITS

Click for details-----ITS1

Click for details-----ITS2

Plant External Links:

See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available

Overview of Ingredients

21 All known Ingredients in Total

13 Ingredients with Acceptable Bioavailablity

10 Ingredients with experimental-derived Activity

Ingredient Structrual Cards

Classification of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant

Detailed Information of Target Proteins

❱❱❱ Associated Human Diseases and Detailed Association Evidence

Associated Disease of the Plant

Association Type & Detailed Evidence

Adenocarcinoma of pancreas

Mesothelioma of pleura

Hepatocellular carcinoma of liver

Solid tumour/cancer

Serous cystadenoma,borderline malignancy of ovary

Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas

Squamous cell carcinoma of bronchus or lung

Adenocarcinoma of bronchus or lung

Germ cell tumour of testis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Multiple sclerosis

Psoriasis

Carcinosarcoma of uterus

Leishmaniasis

Other specified malignant neoplasms of kidney, except renal pelvis

Tetralogy of Fallot

Glioblastoma of brain

Lung cancer

Bleeding disorder

Breast cancer

Metabolic disorder

Acute myeloid leukaemia

Noise effects on inner ear

Hepatoblastoma

Adenocarcinoma of stomach

Other specified malignant neoplasms ofcolon

Other specified malignant neoplasms of bronchus or lung

Malignant neoplasms of thyroid gland, unspecified

Malignant neoplasms of corpus uteri, unspecified

Malignant neoplasms of thymus

Malignant neoplasms of adrenal gland

Cardiovascular disease

Asthma

Malignant haematopoietic neoplasm

Angina pectoris

Acute/subacute hepatic failure

Synthesis disorder

BCR-ABL1-negative chronic myeloid leukaemia

Choreiform disorder

Myocardial infarction

Transplant rejection

Rheumatoid arthritis

Diabetes mellitus, type unspecified

Bacterial infection

Acute diabete complication

Muscular dystrophy

Crohn disease

Atopic eczema

Fungal infection

Chronic arterial occlusive disease

Postoperative inflammation

Peroxisomal disease

Indeterminate colitis

Thrombocytopenia

Obesity

Ophthalmic devices/implants/grafts injury

Ischaemic/haemorrhagic stroke

Pancreatic cancer

Coagulation defect

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Cerebral ischaemic stroke

Nutritional deficiency

Coronary thrombosis

Transplanted organ/tissue