Plant Name: Elettaria cardamomum
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO7698
Plant Latin Name: Elettaria cardamomum
Taxonomy Genus: Elettaria
Taxonomy Family: Zingiberaceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
105181
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
796556-1
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
Thailand; Indonesia; IndiaTraditional Medicine System:
Sowa-Rigpa; Indian Folk; Unani; Ayurveda; SiddhaGeographical Distribution:
Bangladesh; Indonesia; India; Costa Rica; Cambodia; Trinidad and Tobago; Thailand
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| FFAR4; FFAR1; | |
| MAPK1; | |
| CA7; CA4; | |
| PPARA; | |
| ESR1; ESR2; | |
| ALOX15; CBR1; | |
| FABP3; LMNA; FABP4; FABP5; | |
| XDH; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1B1 | Cytochrome P450 1B1 | Q16678 | CHEMBL4878 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A1 | Cytochrome P450 1A1 | P04798 | CHEMBL2231 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2 | P05177 | CHEMBL3356 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 19 | CYP19A1 | Cytochrome P450 19A1 | P11511 | CHEMBL1978 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 2 | CYP2C19 | Cytochrome P450 2C19 | P33261 | CHEMBL3622 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | ALOX15 | Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase | P16050 | CHEMBL2903 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | CBR1 | Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 | P16152 | CHEMBL5586 |
| Lyase | CA7 | Carbonic anhydrase VII | P43166 | CHEMBL2326 |
| Lyase | CA4 | Carbonic anhydrase IV | P22748 | CHEMBL3729 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group C | PPARA | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha | Q07869 | CHEMBL239 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 3 group A | ESR1 | Estrogen receptor alpha | P03372 | CHEMBL206 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 3 group A | ESR2 | Estrogen receptor beta | Q92731 | CHEMBL242 |
| Oxidoreductase | XDH | Xanthine dehydrogenase | P47989 | CHEMBL1929 |
| Protein Kinase | MAPK1 | MAP kinase ERK2 | P28482 | CHEMBL4040 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | FFAR4 | G-protein coupled receptor 120 | Q5NUL3 | CHEMBL5339 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | FFAR1 | Free fatty acid receptor 1 | O14842 | CHEMBL4422 |
| Unclassified | FABP3 | Fatty acid binding protein muscle | P05413 | CHEMBL3344 |
| Unclassified | LMNA | Prelamin-A/C | P02545 | CHEMBL1293235 |
| Unclassified | FABP4 | Fatty acid binding protein adipocyte | P15090 | CHEMBL2083 |
| Unclassified | FABP5 | Fatty acid binding protein epidermal | Q01469 | CHEMBL3674 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0097267; omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway | 1.748E-10 | 9.514E-07 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0005506; iron ion binding | 1.661E-10 | 9.514E-07 | ALOX15, CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19, XDH |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0019825; oxygen binding | 8.241E-10 | 1.777E-06 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0019373; epoxygenase P450 pathway | 4.945E-09 | 8.973E-06 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0070330; aromatase activity | 7.306E-09 | 1.224E-05 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0005504; fatty acid binding | 1.444E-08 | 1.655E-05 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, FFAR4 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0008202; steroid metabolic process | 1.372E-07 | 1.423E-04 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19, ESR1 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0020037; heme binding | 1.691E-07 | 1.674E-04 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| MF | GO:0060089; molecular transducer activity | GO:0038052; RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, estrogen-activated sequence-specific DNA binding | 1.019E-06 | 6.931E-04 | ESR1, ESR2 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0055114; oxidation-reduction process | 1.617E-06 | 1.003E-03 | ALOX15, CBR1, CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19, XDH |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0009404; toxin metabolic process | 1.659E-06 | 1.003E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0019433; triglyceride catabolic process | 2.152E-06 | 1.201E-03 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0008395; steroid hydroxylase activity | 5.565E-06 | 2.473E-03 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP2C19 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0018894; dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process | 6.104E-06 | 2.606E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0034056; estrogen response element binding | 6.104E-06 | 2.606E-03 | ESR1, ESR2 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0016098; monoterpenoid metabolic process | 1.524E-05 | 5.625E-03 | CYP1A2, CYP2C19 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0050665; hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process | 2.841E-05 | 9.667E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2 |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05204 | Chemical carcinogenesis | 1.512E-08 | 1.709E-06 | CBR1, CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00140 | Steroid hormone biosynthesis | 2.979E-07 | 1.683E-05 | CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP19A1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09111 Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | hsa00980 | Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 | 7.570E-07 | 2.139E-05 | CBR1, CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa03320 | PPAR signaling pathway | 6.028E-07 | 2.139E-05 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, PPARA |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09105 Amino acid metabolism | hsa00380 | Tryptophan metabolism | 8.252E-06 | 1.531E-04 | CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04913 | Ovarian steroidogenesis | 1.627E-05 | 2.298E-04 | CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP19A1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00591 | Linoleic acid metabolism | 3.073E-06 | 6.946E-05 | CYP1A2, ALOX15, CYP2C19 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00590 | Arachidonic acid metabolism | 3.115E-05 | 3.911E-04 | CBR1, ALOX15, CYP2C19 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04917 | Prolactin signaling pathway | 4.880E-05 | 5.515E-04 | MAPK1, ESR1, ESR2 |
| Unclassified | Unclassified | hsa01100 | Metabolic pathways | 1.305E-04 | 1.134E-03 | CBR1, CYP1A2, ALOX15, CYP1A1, CYP2C19, CYP19A1, XDH |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04915 | Estrogen signaling pathway | 1.262E-04 | 1.134E-03 | MAPK1, ESR1, ESR2 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04726 | Serotonergic synapse | 1.818E-04 | 1.467E-03 | ALOX15, MAPK1, CYP2C19 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09102 Energy metabolism | hsa00910 | Nitrogen metabolism | 1.280E-04 | 1.134E-03 | CA4, CA7 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09110 Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites | hsa00232 | Caffeine metabolism | 9.483E-06 | 1.531E-04 | CYP1A2, XDH |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hormone deficiency | E00-E90 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Hormone refractory prostate cancer | C61 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Hormonally-responsive breast cancer | C50 | CYP19A1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Autoimmune diabetes | E08-E13 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Atrophic vaginitis | N95.2 | ESR1; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Atrophy | M62.571 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Solid tumours | C00-D48 | MAPK1; |
| Z00-Z99: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services | Hormone replacement therapy | Z79.890 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Female infertility due to anovulation | N97.0 | ESR1; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Asthma | J45 | CBR1; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Arthralgia | M25.5 | ESR1; |
| Z00-Z99: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services | Contraception | Z30 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperlipidaemia | E78 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Female hypogonadism | E23, E28 | ESR1; |
| NA: NA | Postmenopausal disorder | NA | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Post-menopausal vaginal atrophy | N95.2 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperuricemia | E79.0 | XDH; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Infertility | N97.0 | ESR1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Multiple scierosis | G35 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | ESR1; MAPK1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Carcinoma | D00-D09 | ESR1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Open-angle glaucoma | H40-H42 | CA4; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Osteoporosis | M80-M81, Z79.890 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Female infertility | N97.0 | ESR1; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Female sexual dysfunction | F52 | ESR1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Eye disorders | H00-H59 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Bladder cancer | C67 | CYP19A1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Restenosis | I51.89 | MAPK1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Breast cancer | C50 | ESR1; CYP19A1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Brain cancer | C71, D33 | ESR1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Irregularities | N92.6 | ESR1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Ocular hypertension | H40.0 | CA4; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Endometriosis | N80 | CYP19A1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Advanced breast cancer | C50 | CYP19A1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Adrenocortical carcinoma | C74.0 | ESR1; |
| Z00-Z99: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services | Oral contraceptive | Z30 | ESR1; |
| Q00-Q99: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities | Osteopetrosis | Q78.2 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Prostate cancer | C61 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Prostate disease | N42.9 | CYP19A1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Neurological disease | I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | FFAR1; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Trematode infection | B66.9 | ESR1; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Acne vulgaris | L70.0 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hypogonadism | E23.0, E28.3, E29.1 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetes | E23.2, N25.1 | FFAR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Vagina disease | N76.0 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Leukemia | C90-C95 | ESR1; |
| NA: NA | Menopausal disorder | NA | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Estrogen deficiency | E28.39 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperuricaemia in gout | E79.0, M10 | XDH; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Encephalopathy | G93.4 | XDH; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Non-insulin dependent diabetes | E11.9 | FFAR1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Heart failure | I50 | XDH; |
| NA: NA | Gonorrheal vaginitis | NA | ESR1; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Gout | M10 | XDH; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Dysmenorrhea | N94.4-N94.6 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Dyspareunia | N94.1 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Advanced prostate cancer | C61 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Menopause symptoms | N95.0 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Menorrhagia | N92.0 | ESR1; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
