Plant Name: Rubia tetragona
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO5280
Plant Latin Name: Rubia tetragona
Taxonomy Genus: Rubia
Taxonomy Family: Rubiaceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
n.a.
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
n.a.
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| ADRA2B; | |
| ACHE; | |
| MAPK1; CDK8; CSNK2A1; | |
| CA2; CA12; CA9; CA14; CA7; CA5B; CA5A; CA4; CA6; | |
| ESR2; | |
| NR1H4; | |
| AKR1B10; HSD17B1; CBR1; AKR1B1; ALOX15; AKR1C3; | |
| MMP9; MMP1; MMP2; | |
| HIF1A; NFKB1; | |
| LMNA; APP; THPO; | |
| XDH; | |
| SMN1;SMN2; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2 | P05177 | CHEMBL3356 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1B1 | Cytochrome P450 1B1 | Q16678 | CHEMBL4878 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A1 | Cytochrome P450 1A1 | P04798 | CHEMBL2231 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 19 | CYP19A1 | Cytochrome P450 19A1 | P11511 | CHEMBL1978 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 2 | CYP2C19 | Cytochrome P450 2C19 | P33261 | CHEMBL3622 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | AKR1C3 | Aldo-keto-reductase family 1 member C3 | P42330 | CHEMBL4681 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | AKR1B10 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 | O60218 | CHEMBL5983 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | HSD17B1 | Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 1 | P14061 | CHEMBL3181 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | CBR1 | Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 | P16152 | CHEMBL5586 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | AKR1B1 | Aldose reductase | P15121 | CHEMBL1900 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | ALOX15 | Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase | P16050 | CHEMBL2903 |
| Hydrolase | ACHE | Acetylcholinesterase | P22303 | CHEMBL220 |
| Lyase | CA2 | Carbonic anhydrase II | P00918 | CHEMBL205 |
| Lyase | CA12 | Carbonic anhydrase XII | O43570 | CHEMBL3242 |
| Lyase | CA9 | Carbonic anhydrase IX | Q16790 | CHEMBL3594 |
| Lyase | CA14 | Carbonic anhydrase XIV | Q9ULX7 | CHEMBL3510 |
| Lyase | CA7 | Carbonic anhydrase VII | P43166 | CHEMBL2326 |
| Lyase | CA5B | Carbonic anhydrase VB | Q9Y2D0 | CHEMBL3969 |
| Lyase | CA5A | Carbonic anhydrase VA | P35218 | CHEMBL4789 |
| Lyase | CA4 | Carbonic anhydrase IV | P22748 | CHEMBL3729 |
| Lyase | CA6 | Carbonic anhydrase VI | P23280 | CHEMBL3025 |
| Metallo protease | MMP1 | Matrix metalloproteinase-1 | P03956 | CHEMBL332 |
| Metallo protease | MMP2 | Matrix metalloproteinase-2 | P08253 | CHEMBL333 |
| Metallo protease | MMP9 | Matrix metalloproteinase 9 | P14780 | CHEMBL321 |
| Methyl-lysine/arginine binding protein | SMN1;SMN2 | Survival motor neuron protein | Q16637 | CHEMBL1293232 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group H | NR1H4 | Bile acid receptor FXR | Q96RI1 | CHEMBL2047 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 3 group A | ESR2 | Estrogen receptor beta | Q92731 | CHEMBL242 |
| Oxidoreductase | XDH | Xanthine dehydrogenase | P47989 | CHEMBL1929 |
| Protein Kinase | MAPK1 | MAP kinase ERK2 | P28482 | CHEMBL4040 |
| Protein Kinase | CDK8 | Cell division protein kinase 8 | P49336 | CHEMBL5719 |
| Protein Kinase | CSNK2A1 | Casein kinase II alpha | P68400 | CHEMBL3629 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | ADRA2B | Alpha-2b adrenergic receptor | P18089 | CHEMBL1942 |
| Transcription Factor | HIF1A | Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha | Q16665 | CHEMBL4261 |
| Transcription Factor | NFKB1 | Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit | P19838 | CHEMBL3251 |
| Unclassified | LMNA | Prelamin-A/C | P02545 | CHEMBL1293235 |
| Unclassified | APP | Beta amyloid A4 protein | P05067 | CHEMBL2487 |
| Unclassified | THPO | Thrombopoietin | P40225 | CHEMBL1293256 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0008270; zinc ion binding | 2.413E-09 | 3.094E-06 | CA12, CA2, CA4, CA5A, CA5B, CA6, CA7, CA9, ESR2, MMP1, MMP2, MMP9, NR1H4 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0097267; omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway | 2.651E-09 | 3.207E-06 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0005506; iron ion binding | 2.386E-08 | 1.924E-05 | ALOX15, CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19, XDH |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0019825; oxygen binding | 2.586E-08 | 2.011E-05 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0019373; epoxygenase P450 pathway | 7.438E-08 | 4.628E-05 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0070330; aromatase activity | 1.097E-07 | 6.459E-05 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0071276; cellular response to cadmium ion | 3.856E-07 | 1.810E-04 | AKR1C3, CYP1A2, MAPK1, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0044597; daunorubicin metabolic process | 3.907E-07 | 1.810E-04 | AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0044598; doxorubicin metabolic process | 3.907E-07 | 1.810E-04 | AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0017144; drug metabolic process | 6.400E-07 | 2.534E-04 | ACHE, AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3, CBR1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| BP | Unclassified; | GO:0044259; multicellular organismal macromolecule metabolic process | 6.954E-07 | 2.704E-04 | AKR1C3, HIF1A, MMP1, MMP2, MMP9 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0016903; oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors | 1.633E-06 | 5.230E-04 | AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3, XDH |
| BP | Unclassified; | GO:0044236; multicellular organism metabolic process | 1.967E-06 | 6.118E-04 | AKR1C3, HIF1A, MMP1, MMP2, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0050896; response to stimulus | GO:0034614; cellular response to reactive oxygen species | 2.157E-06 | 6.616E-04 | AKR1B1, AKR1C3, CYP1B1, MAPK1, MMP9 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0020037; heme binding | 4.976E-06 | 1.354E-03 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0032849; positive regulation of cellular pH reduction | 1.129E-05 | 2.702E-03 | CA2, CA7 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0009404; toxin metabolic process | 1.211E-05 | 2.835E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0046885; regulation of hormone biosynthetic process | 1.568E-05 | 3.414E-03 | AKR1C3, HIF1A, NFKB1 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004033; aldo-keto reductase (NADP) activity | 1.770E-05 | 3.779E-03 | AKR1B1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0018894; dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process | 2.256E-05 | 4.590E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0061370; testosterone biosynthetic process | 3.755E-05 | 7.021E-03 | AKR1C3, CYP19A1 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0008395; steroid hydroxylase activity | 4.030E-05 | 7.374E-03 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP2C19 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0016098; monoterpenoid metabolic process | 5.625E-05 | 9.877E-03 | CYP1A2, CYP2C19 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004089; carbonate dehydratase activity | 7.860E-22 | 1.711E-17 | CA12, CA14, CA2, CA4, CA5A, CA5B, CA6, CA7, CA9 |
| BP | GO:0051179; localization | GO:0015701; bicarbonate transport | 1.070E-16 | 7.770E-13 | CA12, CA14, CA2, CA4, CA5A, CA5B, CA6, CA7, CA9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0006730; one-carbon metabolic process | 2.966E-15 | 1.077E-11 | CA12, CA2, CA4, CA5A, CA5B, CA6, CA7, CA9 |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09100 Metabolism | 09102 Energy metabolism | hsa00910 | Nitrogen metabolism | 2.784E-21 | 3.982E-19 | CA12, CA5B, CA2, CA5A, CA4, CA7, CA6, CA9, CA14 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00140 | Steroid hormone biosynthesis | 1.171E-09 | 8.375E-08 | HSD17B1, CYP1A2, CYP1A1, AKR1C3, CYP1B1, CYP19A1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04913 | Ovarian steroidogenesis | 3.750E-08 | 1.788E-06 | HSD17B1, CYP1A1, AKR1C3, CYP1B1, CYP19A1 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05219 | Bladder cancer | 1.067E-06 | 3.050E-05 | MMP1, MMP2, MAPK1, MMP9 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05204 | Chemical carcinogenesis | 4.622E-07 | 1.652E-05 | CBR1, CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C19 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00590 | Arachidonic acid metabolism | 5.710E-06 | 1.361E-04 | CBR1, ALOX15, AKR1C3, CYP2C19 |
| Unclassified | Unclassified | hsa01100 | Metabolic pathways | 1.255E-05 | 2.244E-04 | CBR1, AKR1B10, HSD17B1, CYP1A2, ALOX15, AKR1C3, CYP1A1, AKR1B1, CYP2C19, CYP19A1, XDH |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09111 Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | hsa00980 | Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 | 1.097E-05 | 2.242E-04 | CBR1, CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04915 | Estrogen signaling pathway | 3.664E-05 | 4.763E-04 | MMP2, MAPK1, MMP9, ESR2 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer | 9.499E-05 | 9.703E-04 | MMP1, MMP2, MAPK1, HIF1A, MMP9, NFKB1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04726 | Serotonergic synapse | 5.939E-05 | 6.551E-04 | APP, ALOX15, MAPK1, CYP2C19 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00591 | Linoleic acid metabolism | 2.235E-05 | 3.551E-04 | CYP1A2, ALOX15, CYP2C19 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09105 Amino acid metabolism | hsa00380 | Tryptophan metabolism | 5.956E-05 | 6.551E-04 | CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05205 | Proteoglycans in cancer | 5.805E-04 | 5.188E-03 | MMP2, MAPK1, HIF1A, MMP9 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04917 | Prolactin signaling pathway | 3.447E-04 | 3.287E-03 | MAPK1, NFKB1, ESR2 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09166 Endocrine and metabolic diseases | hsa04933 | AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications | 9.275E-04 | 7.368E-03 | MMP2, MAPK1, NFKB1 |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04668 | TNF signaling pathway | 1.187E-03 | 8.487E-03 | MAPK1, MMP9, NFKB1 |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04066 | HIF-1 signaling pathway | 9.817E-04 | 7.388E-03 | MAPK1, HIF1A, NFKB1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09155 Excretory system | hsa04964 | Proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation | 8.672E-04 | 7.295E-03 | CA2, CA4 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09110 Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites | hsa00232 | Caffeine metabolism | 3.503E-05 | 4.763E-04 | CYP1A2, XDH |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42 | ACHE; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Chronic glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cerebral amyloid angiopathy | I68.0 | APP; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Arthritis | M00-M25 | MMP1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Renal cell carcinoma | NA | MMP2; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Asthma | J45 | CBR1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Edema associated with congestive heart failure | I50, R60.9 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Hormonally-responsive breast cancer | C50 | CYP19A1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | High blood pressure | I10-I16 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Head and neck cancer | C07-C14, C32-C33 | AKR1B1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Colorectal cancer | C18-C21 | MMP9; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Helminth infection | A00-B99 | ACHE; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poison intoxication | T36-T50 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Advanced breast cancer | C50 | CYP19A1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic neuropathy | E11.40 | AKR1B1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic nephropathy | E11.21 | MMP1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic cataract | E10.36, E11.36 | AKR1B1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Diagnostic imaging | G30, I73.9 | APP; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Gout | M10 | AKR1B1; XDH; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; AKR1B1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Glioma | C71 | APP; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Pediculus humanus capitis | B85.0 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Parkinson's disease | G20 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Pancreatic cancer | C25 | MMP2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Amyloidosis | E85 | APP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Ovarian cancer | C56 | MMP2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Spinal muscular atrophy | G00-G99 | SMN1;SMN2; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poisoning due to pesticides and chemicals | T36-T50 | ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetes | E23.2, N25.1 | AKR1B1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Heart failure | I50 | XDH; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Osteoarthritis | M15-M19, M47 | MMP2; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Macular degeneration | H35.3 | APP; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Acne vulgaris | L70.0 | MMP2; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Ocular hypertension | H40.0 | CA4; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Epileptic seizures | G40, P90, R56 | ACHE; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Open-angle glaucoma | H40-H42 | CA4; ACHE; CA2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Stroke | I61-I63, I80-I82 | MMP9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Solid tumours | C00-D48 | HIF1A; MMP9; MAPK1; MMP2; CA9; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Neurological disease | I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 | APP; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neuropathic pain | G64, G90.0 | ADRA2B; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neurodegenerative disease | G30-G32 | ACHE; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Age related macular degeneration | H35.3 | APP; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Alcohol use disorders | F10.2 | ADRA2B; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Rheumatoid arthritis | M05-M06 | AKR1B1; MMP1; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Duodenal ulcers | K25-K27 | CA2; |
| NA: NA | Early satiation associated with functional dyspepsia | NA | ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic complication | E08-E13 | AKR1B1; |
| NA: NA | Geographic retinal atrophy | NA | APP; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Alzheimer disease | G30 | ACHE; APP; |
| NA: NA | Edema | NA | CA2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Encephalopathy | G93.4 | XDH; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Endometriosis | N80 | CYP19A1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Mild to moderate alzheimer disease | G30 | APP; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mild cognitive impairment | F06.7 | ACHE; APP; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Myasthenia gravis | G70.0 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Myasthenia gravis diagnosis | G70.0 | ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperuricemia | E79.0 | XDH; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Urinary dysfunction | N39.3-N39.4 | ACHE; |
| NA: NA | Upper abdominal bloating | NA | ACHE; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Ulcerative colitis | K51 | MMP9; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Insomnia | F51.0, G47.0 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | CSNK2A1; NFKB1; ACHE; HIF1A; MMP9; MAPK1; MMP2; APP; CA9; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Restenosis | I51.89 | MAPK1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Renal cancer | C64 | CA9; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | NFKB1; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Brain injury | S09.90 | APP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Breast cancer | C50 | CYP19A1; CA9; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Prostate disease | N42.9 | CYP19A1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Prostate cancer | C61 | AKR1C3; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Xerostomia | K11.7, R68.2 | ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperuricaemia in gout | E79.0, M10 | XDH; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Bladder cancer | C67 | CYP19A1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Pulmonary arterial hypertension | I27.0, I27.2 | HIF1A; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lung cancer | C33-C34 | MMP2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lymphoma | C81-C86 | HIF1A; CA9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Clear cell renal cell carcinoma | C64 | CA9; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Cognitive disorders | F01-F07, F04, F05, R41.3 | ACHE; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
