Plant Name: Andrographis paniculata
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO3578
Plant Latin Name: Andrographis paniculata
Taxonomy Genus: Andrographis
Taxonomy Family: Acanthaceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
175694
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
45226-1
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
Philippines; Indonesia; India; Malaysia; Vietnam; China; Sri Lanka; ThailandTraditional Medicine System:
Indian Folk; Unani; Siddha; Ayurveda; TCM; HomeopathyGeographical Distribution:
Bangladesh; Myanmar; Cuba; Philippines; Indonesia; India; Mexico; Cambodia; Bahamas; Malaysia; Vietnam; China; Laos; Sri Lanka; Thailand; Dominican Republic; Haiti
Example Image
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| TSHR; | |
| HCAR2; | |
| ACHE; | |
| FLT3; CSNK2A1; | |
| CA12; CA7; CA4; | |
| ESR2; | |
| AKR1B10; HSD17B1; AKR1B1; NOX4; | |
| MMP9; MMP1; MMP12; MMP2; | |
| HIF1A; NFKB1; | |
| FABP4; THPO; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2 | P05177 | CHEMBL3356 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1B1 | Cytochrome P450 1B1 | Q16678 | CHEMBL4878 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A1 | Cytochrome P450 1A1 | P04798 | CHEMBL2231 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 19 | CYP19A1 | Cytochrome P450 19A1 | P11511 | CHEMBL1978 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | AKR1B10 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 | O60218 | CHEMBL5983 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | HSD17B1 | Estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 1 | P14061 | CHEMBL3181 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | AKR1B1 | Aldose reductase | P15121 | CHEMBL1900 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | Q9NPH5 | CHEMBL1250375 |
| Hydrolase | ACHE | Acetylcholinesterase | P22303 | CHEMBL220 |
| Lyase | CA12 | Carbonic anhydrase XII | O43570 | CHEMBL3242 |
| Lyase | CA7 | Carbonic anhydrase VII | P43166 | CHEMBL2326 |
| Lyase | CA4 | Carbonic anhydrase IV | P22748 | CHEMBL3729 |
| Metallo protease | MMP9 | Matrix metalloproteinase 9 | P14780 | CHEMBL321 |
| Metallo protease | MMP1 | Matrix metalloproteinase-1 | P03956 | CHEMBL332 |
| Metallo protease | MMP12 | Matrix metalloproteinase 12 | P39900 | CHEMBL4393 |
| Metallo protease | MMP2 | Matrix metalloproteinase-2 | P08253 | CHEMBL333 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 3 group A | ESR2 | Estrogen receptor beta | Q92731 | CHEMBL242 |
| Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) | TSHR | Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | P16473 | CHEMBL1963 |
| Protein Kinase | FLT3 | Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor FLT3 | P36888 | CHEMBL1974 |
| Protein Kinase | CSNK2A1 | Casein kinase II alpha | P68400 | CHEMBL3629 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HCAR2 | Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 | Q8TDS4 | CHEMBL3785 |
| Transcription Factor | HIF1A | Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha | Q16665 | CHEMBL4261 |
| Transcription Factor | NFKB1 | Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit | P19838 | CHEMBL3251 |
| Unclassified | FABP4 | Fatty acid binding protein adipocyte | P15090 | CHEMBL2083 |
| Unclassified | THPO | Thrombopoietin | P40225 | CHEMBL1293256 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0019825; oxygen binding | 2.800E-09 | 3.048E-05 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, NOX4 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0070330; aromatase activity | 1.900E-08 | 6.888E-05 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| BP | Unclassified; | GO:0044259; multicellular organismal macromolecule metabolic process | 7.703E-08 | 1.525E-04 | HIF1A, MMP1, MMP12, MMP2, MMP9 |
| BP | Unclassified; | GO:0044236; multicellular organism metabolic process | 2.203E-07 | 2.926E-04 | HIF1A, MMP1, MMP12, MMP2, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0097267; omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway | 2.284E-07 | 2.926E-04 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0020037; heme binding | 5.643E-07 | 6.467E-04 | CYP19A1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, NOX4 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004089; carbonate dehydratase activity | 8.625E-07 | 8.537E-04 | CA12, CA4, CA7 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0030574; collagen catabolic process | 1.401E-06 | 1.142E-03 | MMP1, MMP12, MMP2, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0019373; epoxygenase P450 pathway | 2.508E-06 | 1.606E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0022617; extracellular matrix disassembly | 3.071E-06 | 1.807E-03 | MMP1, MMP12, MMP2, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0009404; toxin metabolic process | 3.334E-06 | 1.911E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0008270; zinc ion binding | 5.436E-06 | 2.753E-03 | CA12, CA4, CA7, ESR2, MMP1, MMP12, MMP2, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0009967; positive regulation of signal transduction | 9.514E-06 | 4.463E-03 | AKR1B1, CSNK2A1, CYP1B1, FLT3, HIF1A, MMP12, MMP9, NFKB1, NOX4, THPO |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0018894; dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process | 9.634E-06 | 4.463E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1A2 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0009055; electron transfer activity | 1.068E-05 | 4.746E-03 | AKR1B1, CYP19A1, CYP1A2, NOX4 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0006730; one-carbon metabolic process | 1.329E-05 | 5.567E-03 | CA12, CA4, CA7 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004222; metalloendopeptidase activity | 1.369E-05 | 5.626E-03 | MMP1, MMP12, MMP2, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0016042; lipid catabolic process | 2.173E-05 | 8.448E-03 | AKR1B10, CYP19A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, FABP4 |
| BP | GO:0051179; localization | GO:0015701; bicarbonate transport | 2.449E-05 | 9.195E-03 | CA12, CA4, CA7 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0017171; serine hydrolase activity | 2.722E-05 | 9.837E-03 | ACHE, MMP1, MMP12, MMP2, MMP9 |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00140 | Steroid hormone biosynthesis | 8.739E-09 | 8.127E-07 | HSD17B1, CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP19A1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04913 | Ovarian steroidogenesis | 4.205E-07 | 1.956E-05 | HSD17B1, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP19A1 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer | 7.578E-06 | 1.762E-04 | FLT3, MMP1, MMP2, HIF1A, MMP9, NFKB1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09105 Amino acid metabolism | hsa00380 | Tryptophan metabolism | 1.653E-05 | 2.763E-04 | CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05219 | Bladder cancer | 1.782E-05 | 2.763E-04 | MMP1, MMP2, MMP9 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09102 Energy metabolism | hsa00910 | Nitrogen metabolism | 1.160E-06 | 3.595E-05 | CA12, CA4, CA7 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09111 Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | hsa00980 | Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 | 1.013E-04 | 1.346E-03 | CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04915 | Estrogen signaling pathway | 2.500E-04 | 2.583E-03 | MMP2, MMP9, ESR2 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05204 | Chemical carcinogenesis | 1.431E-04 | 1.664E-03 | CYP1A2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09101 Carbohydrate metabolism | hsa00040 | Pentose and glucuronate interconversions | 9.207E-04 | 7.136E-03 | AKR1B10, AKR1B1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09101 Carbohydrate metabolism | hsa00052 | Galactose metabolism | 6.387E-04 | 5.940E-03 | AKR1B10, AKR1B1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09101 Carbohydrate metabolism | hsa00051 | Fructose and mannose metabolism | 7.271E-04 | 6.148E-03 | AKR1B10, AKR1B1 |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | NFKB1; HCAR2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer diagnosis | C73 | TSHR; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Airway inflammation | J00-J99 | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | AML | NA | FLT3; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Alzheimer disease | G30 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Leukemia | C90-C95 | FLT3; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Rheumatoid arthritis | M05-M06 | AKR1B1; MMP1; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Acne vulgaris | L70.0 | MMP2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lymphoma | C81-C86 | HIF1A; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lung cancer | C33-C34 | MMP2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Stroke | I61-I63, I80-I82 | MMP9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Head and neck cancer | C07-C14, C32-C33 | AKR1B1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Arteriosclerosis | I70 | HCAR2; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Xerostomia | K11.7, R68.2 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Colorectal cancer | C18-C21 | FLT3; MMP9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Colon cancer | C50 | FLT3; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Atherosclerosis | I70 | MMP12; HCAR2; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Arthritis | M00-M25 | MMP1; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Asthma | J45 | MMP12; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer | C73 | TSHR; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mild cognitive impairment | F06.7 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Acute myeloid leukemia | C92.0 | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Solid tumours | C00-D48 | FLT3; HIF1A; MMP9; MMP2; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poison intoxication | T36-T50 | ACHE; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Human immunodeficiency virus infection | B20-B26 | FLT3; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Ulcerative colitis | K51 | MMP9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Hormonally-responsive breast cancer | C50 | CYP19A1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cardiovascular disorder | I00-I99 | HCAR2; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Open-angle glaucoma | H40-H42 | CA4; ACHE; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Ocular hypertension | H40.0 | CA4; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Renal cell carcinoma | NA | MMP2; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poisoning due to pesticides and chemicals | T36-T50 | ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperlipidaemia | E78 | HCAR2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Breast cancer | C50 | FLT3; CYP19A1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Prostate disease | N42.9 | CYP19A1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Prostate cancer | C61 | FLT3; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Psoriasis | L40 | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Bladder cancer | C67 | CYP19A1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Pulmonary arterial hypertension | I27.0, I27.2 | HIF1A; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic neuropathy | E11.40 | AKR1B1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic nephropathy | E11.21 | MMP1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic complication | E08-E13 | AKR1B1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; AKR1B1; |
| NA: NA | GIST | NA | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Gliosarcoma | NA | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Glioblastoma | NA | FLT3; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Gout | M10 | AKR1B1; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Pediculus humanus capitis | B85.0 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Parkinson's disease | G20 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Pancreatic cancer | C25 | FLT3; MMP2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | C91.0 | FLT3; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | J40-J44, J47 | MMP12; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Osteoarthritis | M15-M19, M47 | MMP2; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Chronic glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetes | E23.2, N25.1 | AKR1B1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Advanced breast cancer | C50 | CYP19A1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic cataract | E10.36, E11.36 | AKR1B1; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Helminth infection | A00-B99 | ACHE; |
| NA: NA | Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | NA | FLT3; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Epileptic seizures | G40, P90, R56 | ACHE; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Urinary dysfunction | N39.3-N39.4 | ACHE; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Major depressive disorder | F32, F33, M32 | HCAR2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Non-small-cell lung cancer | NA | MMP2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | CSNK2A1; NFKB1; FLT3; ACHE; HIF1A; MMP9; MMP2; |
| W85-W99: Exposure to electric current, radiation and extreme ambient air temperature and pressure | Diagnostic test to differentiate primary and secondary hypothyroidism | W88 | TSHR; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neurodegenerative disease | G30-G32 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | ACHE; |
| NA: NA | Early satiation associated with functional dyspepsia | NA | ACHE; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Cognitive disorders | F01-F07, F04, F05, R41.3 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | CLL | NA | FLT3; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Acute ischemic stroke | I61-I63 | HCAR2; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Endometriosis | N80 | CYP19A1; |
| NA: NA | Anaplastic mixed oligoastrocytoma | NA | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Ovarian cancer | C56 | MMP2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Myasthenia gravis | G70.0 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Myasthenia gravis diagnosis | G70.0 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Myeloid leukemia | C92 | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Myelofibrosis | C94.4, D47.4 | FLT3; |
| NA: NA | Upper abdominal bloating | NA | ACHE; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Aortic aneurysm | I71 | MMP12; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Inflammatory disease | C11, C44, K75.9, M00-M25 | MMP12; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
