Plant Name: Calendula officinalis
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO28919
Plant Latin Name: Calendula officinalis
Taxonomy Genus: Calendula
Taxonomy Family: Asteraceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
41496
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
n.a.
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
Turkey; Italy; India; China; Russia; SpainTraditional Medicine System:
Indian Folk; TCM; HomeopathyMedicinal Functions:
Antiphlogistic; Antiseptic; Antispasmodic; Aperient; Astringent; Cholagogue; Diaphoretic; Emmenagogue; Homeopathy; Skin; Stimulant; Vulnerary; Warts
Geographical Distribution:
Turkey; Italy; India; China; Russia; Spain
Example Image
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| NPSR1; | |
| ACHE; | |
| MET; AXL; FLT3; CDK1; PIM1; KDR; IGF1R; AURKB; | |
| CA2; CA12; CA9; CA14; CA7; CA4; | |
| ALOX12; HSD17B10; NOX4; POLB; | |
| MMP9; MMP1; MMP2; | |
| NFKB1; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1B1 | Cytochrome P450 1B1 | Q16678 | CHEMBL4878 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A1 | Cytochrome P450 1A1 | P04798 | CHEMBL2231 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | ALOX12 | Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase | P18054 | CHEMBL3687 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | HSD17B10 | Endoplasmic reticulum-associated amyloid beta-peptide-binding protein | Q99714 | CHEMBL4159 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | NOX4 | NADPH oxidase 4 | Q9NPH5 | CHEMBL1250375 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | POLB | DNA polymerase beta | P06746 | CHEMBL2392 |
| Hydrolase | ACHE | Acetylcholinesterase | P22303 | CHEMBL220 |
| Lyase | CA2 | Carbonic anhydrase II | P00918 | CHEMBL205 |
| Lyase | CA12 | Carbonic anhydrase XII | O43570 | CHEMBL3242 |
| Lyase | CA9 | Carbonic anhydrase IX | Q16790 | CHEMBL3594 |
| Lyase | CA14 | Carbonic anhydrase XIV | Q9ULX7 | CHEMBL3510 |
| Lyase | CA7 | Carbonic anhydrase VII | P43166 | CHEMBL2326 |
| Lyase | CA4 | Carbonic anhydrase IV | P22748 | CHEMBL3729 |
| Metallo protease | MMP9 | Matrix metalloproteinase 9 | P14780 | CHEMBL321 |
| Metallo protease | MMP1 | Matrix metalloproteinase-1 | P03956 | CHEMBL332 |
| Metallo protease | MMP2 | Matrix metalloproteinase-2 | P08253 | CHEMBL333 |
| Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) | NPSR1 | Neuropeptide S receptor | Q6W5P4 | CHEMBL5162 |
| Protein Kinase | MET | Hepatocyte growth factor receptor | P08581 | CHEMBL3717 |
| Protein Kinase | AXL | Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO | P30530 | CHEMBL4895 |
| Protein Kinase | FLT3 | Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor FLT3 | P36888 | CHEMBL1974 |
| Protein Kinase | CDK1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 | P06493 | CHEMBL308 |
| Protein Kinase | PIM1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase PIM1 | P11309 | CHEMBL2147 |
| Protein Kinase | KDR | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 | P35968 | CHEMBL279 |
| Protein Kinase | IGF1R | Insulin-like growth factor I receptor | P08069 | CHEMBL1957 |
| Protein Kinase | AURKB | Serine/threonine-protein kinase Aurora-B | Q96GD4 | CHEMBL2185 |
| Transcription Factor | NFKB1 | Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit | P19838 | CHEMBL3251 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004089; carbonate dehydratase activity | 1.586E-14 | 3.453E-10 | CA12, CA14, CA2, CA4, CA7, CA9 |
| BP | GO:0051179; localization | GO:0015701; bicarbonate transport | 2.180E-11 | 1.582E-07 | CA12, CA14, CA2, CA4, CA7, CA9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0006730; one-carbon metabolic process | 1.077E-09 | 3.907E-06 | CA12, CA2, CA4, CA7, CA9 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0043066; negative regulation of apoptotic process | 1.009E-06 | 8.140E-04 | ALOX12, AURKB, AXL, CDK1, IGF1R, KDR, MMP9, NFKB1, PIM1 |
| BP | GO:0050896; response to stimulus | GO:0010035; response to inorganic substance | 1.898E-06 | 1.333E-03 | AXL, CA2, CDK1, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, KDR, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0018108; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation | 4.379E-06 | 2.328E-03 | AXL, FLT3, IGF1R, KDR, MET |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0032849; positive regulation of cellular pH reduction | 5.222E-06 | 2.645E-03 | CA2, CA7 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0046777; protein autophosphorylation | 5.654E-06 | 2.676E-03 | AURKB, FLT3, IGF1R, KDR, PIM1 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0008270; zinc ion binding | 7.563E-06 | 3.361E-03 | CA12, CA2, CA4, CA7, CA9, MMP1, MMP2, MMP9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0072593; reactive oxygen species metabolic process | 1.002E-05 | 4.364E-03 | ALOX12, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, NOX4 |
| BP | GO:0032502; developmental process | GO:0007568; aging | 1.255E-05 | 4.801E-03 | AURKB, CDK1, CYP1A1, NOX4, POLB |
| BP | GO:0008283; cell proliferation | GO:0008284; positive regulation of cell proliferation | 1.429E-05 | 5.276E-03 | ALOX12, CDK1, FLT3, IGF1R, KDR, MMP2, MMP9, PIM1 |
| BP | GO:0040011; locomotion | GO:0030335; positive regulation of cell migration | 2.166E-05 | 7.255E-03 | ALOX12, IGF1R, KDR, MET, MMP9, NOX4 |
| CC | GO:0016020; membrane | GO:0005886; plasma membrane | 2.511E-05 | 8.160E-03 | ACHE, ALOX12, AXL, CA12, CA14, CA2, CA4, CA9, FLT3, HSD17B10, IGF1R, KDR, MET, MMP2, NPSR1, PIM1 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0019825; oxygen binding | 2.959E-05 | 9.075E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1B1, NOX4 |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09100 Metabolism | 09102 Energy metabolism | hsa00910 | Nitrogen metabolism | 3.178E-14 | 3.337E-12 | CA12, CA2, CA4, CA7, CA9, CA14 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer | 5.470E-07 | 2.872E-05 | FLT3, MMP1, MMP2, MET, MMP9, NFKB1, IGF1R |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05205 | Proteoglycans in cancer | 5.671E-06 | 1.489E-04 | MMP2, KDR, MMP9, MET, IGF1R |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05202 | Transcriptional misregulation in cancer | 3.152E-06 | 1.103E-04 | FLT3, MMP9, MET, NFKB1, IGF1R |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05219 | Bladder cancer | 2.012E-05 | 4.225E-04 | MMP1, MMP2, MMP9 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05206 | MicroRNAs in cancer | 3.556E-05 | 5.506E-04 | PIM1, CYP1B1, MMP9, MET, NFKB1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04913 | Ovarian steroidogenesis | 3.671E-05 | 5.506E-04 | CYP1A1, CYP1B1, IGF1R |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05221 | Acute myeloid leukemia | 5.447E-05 | 7.149E-04 | FLT3, PIM1, NFKB1 |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04014 | Ras signaling pathway | 1.986E-04 | 2.317E-03 | KDR, MET, NFKB1, IGF1R |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09166 Endocrine and metabolic diseases | hsa04933 | AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications | 2.987E-04 | 3.136E-03 | MMP2, PIM1, NFKB1 |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04151 | PI3K-Akt signaling pathway | 9.227E-04 | 8.073E-03 | KDR, MET, NFKB1, IGF1R |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09105 Amino acid metabolism | hsa00380 | Tryptophan metabolism | 1.230E-03 | 9.932E-03 | CYP1A1, CYP1B1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09155 Excretory system | hsa04964 | Proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation | 4.043E-04 | 3.859E-03 | CA2, CA4 |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Malignant adrenal gland cancer | C74.0 | IGF1R; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Alzheimer disease | G30 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | AML | NA | KDR; FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | C91.0 | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Acute myeloid leukemia | C92.0 | AURKB; FLT3; |
| NA: NA | Upper abdominal bloating | NA | ACHE; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Urinary dysfunction | N39.3-N39.4 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Melanoma | C43 | KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Medullary thyroid cancer | C73 | KDR; |
| NA: NA | Anaplastic mixed oligoastrocytoma | NA | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Squamous cell cancer of head and neck | NA | KDR; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | NFKB1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Ocular hypertension | H40.0 | CA4; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Heart disease | I00-I52 | MET; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Head and neck cancer | C07-C14, C32-C33 | KDR; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Angiogenesis disorder | I00-I99 | KDR; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Prostate cancer | C61 | FLT3; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Growth failure | R62.8 | IGF1R; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Graves' ophthalmopathy | H06.2 | IGF1R; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lymphoma | C81-C86 | CA9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lung cancer | C33-C34 | MMP2; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Liver disease | K70-K77 | MET; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Myasthenia gravis diagnosis | G70.0 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Myelofibrosis | C94.4, D47.4 | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Myelodysplastic syndrome | D46 | KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Glioblastoma | NA | FLT3; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Psoriatic disorder | L40 | IGF1R; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Glioma | C71 | KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Gliosarcoma | NA | FLT3; |
| NA: NA | GIST | NA | FLT3; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Insomnia | F51.0, G47.0 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Non-small cell lung cancer | C33-C34 | MET; IGF1R; KDR; AXL; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Non-small-cell lung cancer | NA | KDR; MMP2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Gastrointestinal cancers | C15-C26 | KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Liver cancer | C22 | IGF1R; KDR; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Neurological disease | I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 | NPSR1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neurodegenerative disease | G30-G32 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Renal cell carcinoma | NA | KDR; MMP2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cutaneous Melanoma | C43-C44 | KDR; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Osteoarthritis | M15-M19, M47 | MMP2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Myasthenia gravis | G70.0 | ACHE; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Human immunodeficiency virus infection | B20-B26 | FLT3; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Open-angle glaucoma | H40-H42 | CA4; ACHE; CA2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Cognitive disorders | F01-F07, F04, F05, R41.3 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | CDK1; IGF1R; ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic nephropathy | E11.21 | MMP1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hormone deficiency | E00-E90 | IGF1R; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | High blood pressure | I10-I16 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Pancreatic cancer | C25 | KDR; FLT3; MMP2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Parkinson's disease | G20 | ACHE; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Pediculus humanus capitis | B85.0 | ACHE; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Xerostomia | K11.7, R68.2 | ACHE; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Chronic glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Chemotherapy-induced mucositis | K12.3 | MET; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cardiovascular disorder | I00-I99 | KDR; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Arthritis | M00-M25 | MMP1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Hepatocellular carcinoma | C22.0 | MET; IGF1R; KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Hematological malignancies | C81-C86 | AURKB; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Helminth infection | A00-B99 | ACHE; |
| NA: NA | Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | NA | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Colon cancer | C50 | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Ovarian cancer | C56 | KDR; MMP2; |
| NA: NA | Early satiation associated with functional dyspepsia | NA | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Solid tumours | C00-D48 | MET; AURKB; IGF1R; KDR; FLT3; MMP9; MMP2; CA9; |
| NA: NA | Edema | NA | CA2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Edema associated with congestive heart failure | I50, R60.9 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer | C61 | KDR; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Epileptic seizures | G40, P90, R56 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Colorectal cancer | C18-C21 | IGF1R; KDR; FLT3; MMP9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Renal cancer | C64 | KDR; CA9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Multiple myeloma | C90 | IGF1R; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Ulcerative colitis | K51 | MMP9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Fallopian tube cancer | C57.0, D28.2 | KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Leukemia | C90-C95 | FLT3; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Psoriasis | L40 | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | CLL | NA | FLT3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Clear cell renal cell carcinoma | C64 | CA9; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Fibrosis | L90.5 | MET; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Gastric cancer | C16 | KDR; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Motor neurone disease | G12.2 | IGF1R; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Breast cancer | C50 | CDK1; IGF1R; KDR; FLT3; CA9; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Stroke | I61-I63, I80-I82 | MMP9; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poisoning due to pesticides and chemicals | T36-T50 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Myeloid leukemia | C92 | FLT3; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Duodenal ulcers | K25-K27 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Peritoneal cavity cancer | NA | KDR; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poison intoxication | T36-T50 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer | C73 | KDR; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Acne vulgaris | L70.0 | MMP2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Biliary cancer | C22, C24 | KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | PIM1; MET; CDK1; IGF1R; KDR; NFKB1; FLT3; ACHE; MMP9; MMP2; CA9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Metastasis | C00-C97 | AXL; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Metastatic breast cancer | C50 | KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Advanced renal cell carcinoma | C64 | KDR; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Advanced malignancies | C00-C96 | KDR; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Rheumatoid arthritis | M05-M06 | MMP1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Metastatic HER2-negative gastric cancer | NA | MET; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Metastatic colorectal cancer | C18-C21 | KDR; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mild cognitive impairment | F06.7 | ACHE; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Advanced solid tumor | C00-C75, C7A, C7B | MET; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Airway inflammation | J00-J99 | FLT3; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
