Plant Name: Annona squamosa
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO2884
Plant Latin Name: Annona squamosa
Taxonomy Genus: Annona
Taxonomy Family: Annonaceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
301693
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
n.a.
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
Ghana; United States; Indonesia; India; ChinaTraditional Medicine System:
Indian Folk; TCM; Unani; Ayurveda; SiddhaGeographical Distribution:
Ghana; India; Indonesia; China; United States
Example Image
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| HTR7; HTR5A; HTR2B; HTR1A; DRD1; DRD2; HTR6; | |
| TDP1; | |
| CDK2; CDK1; | |
| CREBBP; | |
| F3; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
| Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: |
|---|
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bromodomain | CREBBP | CREB-binding protein | Q92793 | CHEMBL5747 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | TDP1 | Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 | Q9NUW8 | CHEMBL1075138 |
| Protein Kinase | CDK2 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 | P24941 | CHEMBL301 |
| Protein Kinase | CDK1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 | P06493 | CHEMBL308 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR7 | Serotonin 7 (5-HT7) receptor | P34969 | CHEMBL3155 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR5A | Serotonin 5a (5-HT5a) receptor | P47898 | CHEMBL3426 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR2B | Serotonin 2b (5-HT2b) receptor | P41595 | CHEMBL1833 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR1A | Serotonin 1a (5-HT1a) receptor | P08908 | CHEMBL214 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | DRD1 | Dopamine D1 receptor | P21728 | CHEMBL2056 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | DRD2 | Dopamine D2 receptor | P14416 | CHEMBL217 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HTR6 | Serotonin 6 (5-HT6) receptor | P50406 | CHEMBL3371 |
| Unclassified | F3 | Coagulation factor III | P13726 | CHEMBL4081 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0007210; serotonin receptor signaling pathway | 1.494E-12 | 5.424E-09 | HTR1A, HTR2B, HTR5A, HTR6, HTR7 |
| MF | GO:0060089; molecular transducer activity | GO:0004993; G-protein coupled serotonin receptor activity | 1.494E-12 | 5.424E-09 | HTR1A, HTR2B, HTR5A, HTR6, HTR7 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0051378; serotonin binding | 2.811E-11 | 6.120E-08 | HTR1A, HTR2B, HTR5A, HTR7 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0007198; adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway | 7.325E-10 | 1.329E-06 | HTR1A, HTR5A, HTR7 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0016572; histone phosphorylation | 5.949E-07 | 5.182E-04 | CDK1, CDK2, DRD1 |
| BP | Unclassified; | GO:0042310; vasoconstriction | 6.633E-07 | 5.349E-04 | HTR1A, HTR2B, HTR7 |
| MF | Unclassified; | GO:0004872; receptor activity | 6.394E-07 | 5.349E-04 | DRD1, DRD2, F3, HTR1A, HTR2B, HTR5A, HTR6, HTR7 |
| BP | GO:0032501; multicellular organismal process | GO:0097746; regulation of blood vessel diameter | 7.696E-07 | 5.778E-04 | DRD1, HTR1A, HTR2B, HTR7 |
| BP | Unclassified; | GO:0021853; cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration | 3.534E-06 | 1.877E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| CC | GO:0044425; membrane part | GO:0005887; integral component of plasma membrane | 6.186E-06 | 2.928E-03 | DRD1, DRD2, HTR1A, HTR2B, HTR5A, HTR6, HTR7 |
| BP | GO:0008283; cell proliferation | GO:0008284; positive regulation of cell proliferation | 6.714E-06 | 3.068E-03 | CDK1, CDK2, DRD2, F3, HTR1A, HTR2B |
| BP | GO:0007610; behavior | GO:0050795; regulation of behavior | 7.471E-06 | 3.320E-03 | DRD2, HTR1A, HTR2B |
| BP | GO:0023052; signaling | GO:0051584; regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission | 9.886E-06 | 4.140E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0018958; phenol-containing compound metabolic process | 1.358E-05 | 5.577E-03 | DRD1, DRD2, HTR1A |
| BP | GO:0032501; multicellular organismal process | GO:0030432; peristalsis | 1.588E-05 | 6.286E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0002031; G-protein coupled receptor internalization | 1.940E-05 | 7.283E-03 | DRD2, HTR2B |
| BP | GO:0032502; developmental process | GO:0021756; striatum development | 1.940E-05 | 7.283E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0019933; cAMP-mediated signaling | 2.158E-05 | 7.678E-03 | DRD1, DRD2, HTR5A |
| BP | GO:0007610; behavior | GO:0007625; grooming behavior | 2.327E-05 | 7.678E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| MF | GO:0060089; molecular transducer activity | GO:0004952; dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity | 2.327E-05 | 7.678E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| BP | GO:0050896; response to stimulus | GO:0060134; prepulse inhibition | 2.749E-05 | 8.432E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0060158; phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway | 2.749E-05 | 8.432E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0035240; dopamine binding | 2.749E-05 | 8.432E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09133 Signaling molecules and interaction | hsa04080 | Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | 6.766E-11 | 3.180E-09 | HTR6, HTR7, HTR1A, HTR2B, DRD1, HTR5A, DRD2 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04726 | Serotonergic synapse | 3.864E-09 | 9.079E-08 | HTR6, HTR7, HTR1A, HTR2B, HTR5A |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04020 | Calcium signaling pathway | 4.203E-08 | 6.585E-07 | HTR6, HTR7, HTR2B, DRD1, HTR5A |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04024 | cAMP signaling pathway | 6.941E-08 | 8.155E-07 | CREBBP, HTR6, HTR1A, DRD1, DRD2 |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09144 Cellular community - eukaryotes | hsa04540 | Gap junction | 1.686E-07 | 1.585E-06 | CDK1, HTR2B, DRD1, DRD2 |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09143 Cell growth and death | hsa04110 | Cell cycle | 4.913E-05 | 3.848E-04 | CREBBP, CDK2, CDK1 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09167 Infectious diseases | hsa05169 | Epstein-Barr virus infection | 2.088E-04 | 1.139E-03 | CREBBP, CDK2, CDK1 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05203 | Viral carcinogenesis | 2.181E-04 | 1.139E-03 | CREBBP, CDK2, CDK1 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09167 Infectious diseases | hsa05168 | Herpes simplex infection | 1.611E-04 | 1.082E-03 | CREBBP, CDK2, CDK1 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09164 Substance dependence | hsa05030 | Cocaine addiction | 3.821E-04 | 1.796E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05215 | Prostate cancer | 1.255E-03 | 4.917E-03 | CREBBP, CDK2 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04914 | Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation | 1.519E-03 | 5.492E-03 | CDK2, CDK1 |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09143 Cell growth and death | hsa04115 | p53 signaling pathway | 7.571E-04 | 3.235E-03 | CDK2, CDK1 |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09143 Cell growth and death | hsa04114 | Oocyte meiosis | 2.378E-03 | 7.984E-03 | CDK2, CDK1 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04728 | Dopaminergic synapse | 2.612E-03 | 8.146E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09167 Infectious diseases | hsa05161 | Hepatitis B | 3.330E-03 | 8.694E-03 | CREBBP, CDK2 |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04068 | FoxO signaling pathway | 2.773E-03 | 8.146E-03 | CREBBP, CDK2 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09163 Neurodegenerative diseases | hsa05012 | Parkinson's disease | 3.153E-03 | 8.694E-03 | DRD1, DRD2 |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NA: NA | Hyperaemia | NA | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Huntington's disease | F02.2, G10 | DRD2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cerebral infarction | I63 | HTR2B; |
| NA: NA | Cervical dystonia | NA | HTR1A; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cerebrovascular ischaemia | I61-I63 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Schizophrenia | F20 | HTR7; DRD1; DRD2; HTR6; HTR1A; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Bacterial infections | A00-B99 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Hypoactive sexual desire disorder | F52.0 | HTR1A; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Hypertension | I10-I16 | DRD1; DRD2; HTR1A; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Asthma | J45 | DRD2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Chronic myeloid leukemia | NA | CREBBP; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42 | DRD2; HTR6; HTR1A; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Angina pectoris | I20 | DRD2; |
| NA: NA | Anxiety disorders | NA | HTR1A; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Non-small cell lung cancer | C33-C34 | CDK2; DRD2; |
| NA: NA | Inflammatory diseases | NA | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Cognitive disorders | F01-F07, F04, F05, R41.3 | DRD1; HTR6; HTR1A; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Cocaine addiction | F14.2 | DRD1; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Dermal necrosis | K05 | DRD2; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Depressive fatigue | R53.82 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Depression | F30-F39 | HTR2B; HTR1A; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Dementia | F01-F07 | DRD1; HTR6; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Bleeding | I74, I80-I82 | F3; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Bipolar disorder | F31, F40-F42 | DRD2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Alzheimer disease | G30 | DRD2; HTR6; HTR1A; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Allergy | T78.4 | DRD2; |
| NA: NA | Malignant phaeochromocytoma | NA | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Alcohol use disorders | F10.2 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Advanced stage Parkinson's disease | F02.3, G20 | DRD2; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Gastrointestinal problems | K30-K31, Q40-Q41 | DRD2; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Bronchitis | J20-J21, J42 | DRD2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | CDK2; CDK1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Inflammatory disease | C11, C44, K75.9, M00-M25 | DRD2; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Inflammatory bowel disease | K50, K51 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Insomnia | F51.0, G47.0 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Psychoses | F20-F29 | HTR2B; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Glaucoma | H40-H42 | DRD2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cardiac failure | I50 | DRD2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cardiotonic | I50 | DRD2; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Adult respiratory distress syndrome | J80 | F3; |
| NA: NA | Benign prostatic hypertrophy | NA | DRD2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Migraine headaches | G43 | DRD2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Migraine | G43 | HTR2B; HTR1A; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Emesis | R11 | DRD2; HTR6; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Acute myeloid leukemia | C92.0 | CREBBP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | C91.0 | CDK2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Lateral sclerosis | G12.2 | HTR1A; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperprolactinemia | E22.1 | DRD2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Neurological disease | I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 | HTR6; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neurodegenerative disease | G30-G32 | HTR6; |
| NA: NA | Malignant essential hypertension | NA | DRD2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thymoma | C37, D15.0 | CDK2; |
| O00-O9A: Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium | Excessive bleeding following childbirth and spontaneous or elective abortion | O04 | DRD1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Obesity | E66 | HTR6; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Major depressive disorder | F32, F33, M32 | HTR7; DRD2; HTR1A; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Maintain blood pressure in hypotensive states | I10 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Substance dependence | F10-F19 | DRD1; DRD2; |
| NA: NA | Episode | NA | HTR1A; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Ophthalmic disease | H00-H59 | DRD2; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Nasal congestion | J34.89 | DRD2; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Acromegaly | E22.0 | DRD2; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Spasm | R25.2 | HTR1A; |
| NA: NA | Social phobia | NA | HTR1A; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Psychotic disorders | F20-F29 | DRD1; DRD2; HTR1A; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | DRD1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Breast cancer | C50 | CDK1; DRD2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Hypotension | I95 | DRD2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Parkinson's disease | G20 | DRD1; DRD2; HTR1A; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | CDK1; DRD1; DRD2; HTR1A; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Pancreatic cancer | C25 | F3; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mood disorder | F30-F39 | HTR1A; |
| NA: NA | Schizoaffective disorder | NA | HTR1A; |
| NA: NA | Schizoaffective disorders | NA | DRD2; |
| D50-D89: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism | Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura | D69.3 | DRD2; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Eating disorder | E66, F50, I10-I16, I50 | HTR1A; |
| NA: NA | Peripheral vasoconstriction | NA | DRD2; |
| NA: NA | Peripheral sensory neuropathies | NA | HTR1A; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Solid tumours | C00-D48 | CDK2; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Nausea | R11 | DRD2; |
| O00-O9A: Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium | Postpartum haemorrhage | O72 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Premature ejaculation | F52.4 | HTR1A; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Irritable bowel syndrome | A09, K58, K59.1 | HTR2B; |
| NA: NA | Itching | NA | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Sleep disorders | F51, G47 | HTR7; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Sexual dysfunction | F52 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Severe mood disorders | F30-F39 | HTR1A; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | J40-J44, J47 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Generalized anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42, F41.1 | HTR1A; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Fibrosis | L90.5 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Female sexual dysfunction | F52 | HTR1A; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Psychosis | F20-F29 | DRD2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Psychiatric disorder | F01-F99 | DRD1; HTR1A; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Pulmonary arterial hypertension | I27.0, I27.2 | HTR2B; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Congestive heart failure | I50 | HTR2B; |
| NA: NA | Vomiting | NA | DRD2; |
| NA: NA | False perceptions | NA | DRD2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Coronary heart disease | I25.1 | HTR2B; |
| NA: NA | Corneal vascularity | NA | DRD2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Coronary artery disease | I20-I25 | HTR1A; |
| NA: NA | Bulimia nervosa | NA | HTR1A; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Carcinoid syndrome | E34.0 | DRD2; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Urinary incontinence | N39.3, N39.4, R32 | HTR1A; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Pulmonary hypertension | I27.0, I27.2 | DRD2; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
