Plant Name: Xanthium strumarium
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO2494
Plant Latin Name: Xanthium strumarium
Taxonomy Genus: Xanthium
Taxonomy Family: Asteraceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
318068
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
n.a.
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
Thailand; IndiaTraditional Medicine System:
Sowa-Rigpa; Indian Folk; Ayurveda; SiddhaMedicinal Functions:
Anodyne; Antibacterial; Antifungal; Antiperiodic; Antirheumatic; Antispasmodic; Antitussive; Appetizer; Cytotoxic; Diaphoretic; Diuretic; Emollient; Febrifuge; Hypoglycaemic; Laxative; Sedative; Stomachic
Geographical Distribution:
Thailand; India
Example Image
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| TSHR; | |
| FFAR1; FFAR4; | |
| CA2; CA9; CA14; | |
| PPARA; | |
| ESR1; | |
| AKR1B10; AKR1B1; HSD17B10; ALOX15; | |
| MMP1; MMP9; MMP2; | |
| NFKB1; | |
| LMNA; FABP3; FABP5; FABP4; APP; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
| Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: | CYP2C9; |
|---|
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 family 2 | CYP2C9 | Cytochrome P450 2C9 | P11712 | CHEMBL3397 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | AKR1B10 | Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 | O60218 | CHEMBL5983 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | AKR1B1 | Aldose reductase | P15121 | CHEMBL1900 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | HSD17B10 | Endoplasmic reticulum-associated amyloid beta-peptide-binding protein | Q99714 | CHEMBL4159 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | ALOX15 | Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase | P16050 | CHEMBL2903 |
| Lyase | CA2 | Carbonic anhydrase II | P00918 | CHEMBL205 |
| Lyase | CA9 | Carbonic anhydrase IX | Q16790 | CHEMBL3594 |
| Lyase | CA14 | Carbonic anhydrase XIV | Q9ULX7 | CHEMBL3510 |
| Metallo protease | MMP1 | Matrix metalloproteinase-1 | P03956 | CHEMBL332 |
| Metallo protease | MMP9 | Matrix metalloproteinase 9 | P14780 | CHEMBL321 |
| Metallo protease | MMP2 | Matrix metalloproteinase-2 | P08253 | CHEMBL333 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 1 group C | PPARA | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha | Q07869 | CHEMBL239 |
| Nuclear hormone receptor subfamily 3 group A | ESR1 | Estrogen receptor alpha | P03372 | CHEMBL206 |
| Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) | TSHR | Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | P16473 | CHEMBL1963 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | FFAR1 | Free fatty acid receptor 1 | O14842 | CHEMBL4422 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | FFAR4 | G-protein coupled receptor 120 | Q5NUL3 | CHEMBL5339 |
| Transcription Factor | NFKB1 | Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit | P19838 | CHEMBL3251 |
| Unclassified | LMNA | Prelamin-A/C | P02545 | CHEMBL1293235 |
| Unclassified | FABP3 | Fatty acid binding protein muscle | P05413 | CHEMBL3344 |
| Unclassified | FABP5 | Fatty acid binding protein epidermal | Q01469 | CHEMBL3674 |
| Unclassified | FABP4 | Fatty acid binding protein adipocyte | P15090 | CHEMBL2083 |
| Unclassified | APP | Beta amyloid A4 protein | P05067 | CHEMBL2487 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BP | GO:0050896; response to stimulus | GO:0009725; response to hormone | 2.008E-08 | 6.770E-05 | AKR1B1, CA2, CA9, ESR1, FABP3, FFAR4, NFKB1, PPARA, TSHR |
| MF | GO:0005488; binding | GO:0005504; fatty acid binding | 2.176E-08 | 6.770E-05 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, FFAR4 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004089; carbonate dehydratase activity | 5.783E-07 | 1.049E-03 | CA14, CA2, CA9 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0019433; triglyceride catabolic process | 2.902E-06 | 3.717E-03 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0044281; small molecule metabolic process | 7.218E-06 | 6.868E-03 | AKR1B1, AKR1B10, ALOX15, APP, CA2, CA9, CYP2C9, FABP3, HSD17B10, PPARA |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0008202; steroid metabolic process | 7.238E-06 | 6.868E-03 | AKR1B1, AKR1B10, APP, CYP2C9, ESR1 |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa03320 | PPAR signaling pathway | 1.061E-08 | 9.550E-07 | FABP3, FABP4, FABP5, MMP1, PPARA |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05219 | Bladder cancer | 1.199E-05 | 3.596E-04 | MMP1, MMP2, MMP9 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09102 Energy metabolism | hsa00910 | Nitrogen metabolism | 7.777E-07 | 3.500E-05 | CA2, CA9, CA14 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09152 Endocrine system | hsa04915 | Estrogen signaling pathway | 1.692E-04 | 3.807E-03 | MMP2, ESR1, MMP9 |
| 09150 Organismal Systems | 09156 Nervous system | hsa04726 | Serotonergic synapse | 2.436E-04 | 4.385E-03 | CYP2C9, APP, ALOX15 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05200 | Pathways in cancer | 8.425E-04 | 7.583E-03 | MMP1, MMP2, MMP9, NFKB1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00591 | Linoleic acid metabolism | 4.606E-04 | 6.318E-03 | CYP2C9, ALOX15 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09101 Carbohydrate metabolism | hsa00040 | Pentose and glucuronate interconversions | 7.114E-04 | 7.114E-03 | AKR1B10, AKR1B1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09101 Carbohydrate metabolism | hsa00052 | Galactose metabolism | 4.932E-04 | 6.318E-03 | AKR1B10, AKR1B1 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09101 Carbohydrate metabolism | hsa00051 | Fructose and mannose metabolism | 5.616E-04 | 6.318E-03 | AKR1B10, AKR1B1 |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Non-insulin dependent diabetes | E11.9 | FFAR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Non-small-cell lung cancer | NA | MMP2; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Neurological disease | I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 | ESR1; APP; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Arthritis | M00-M25 | MMP1; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Arthralgia | M25.5 | ESR1; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Duodenal ulcers | K25-K27 | CA2; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Dyspareunia | N94.1 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Dysmenorrhea | N94.4-N94.6 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Menorrhagia | N92.0 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Menopause symptoms | N95.0 | ESR1; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Bacterial infections | A00-B99 | CYP2C9; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Autoimmune diabetes | E08-E13 | ESR1; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Atrophy | M62.571 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Atrophic vaginitis | N95.2 | ESR1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Edema associated with congestive heart failure | I50, R60.9 | CA2; |
| NA: NA | Edema | NA | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Solid tumours | C00-D48 | MMP9; MMP2; CA9; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Mild to moderate alzheimer disease | G30 | APP; |
| W85-W99: Exposure to electric current, radiation and extreme ambient air temperature and pressure | Diagnostic test to differentiate primary and secondary hypothyroidism | W88 | TSHR; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Ulcerative colitis | K51 | MMP9; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Infertility | N97.0 | ESR1; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Insomnia | F51.0, G47.0 | CA2; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | NFKB1; FFAR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer diagnosis | C73 | TSHR; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Trematode infection | B66.9 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Irregularities | N92.6 | ESR1; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Osteoporosis | M80-M81, Z79.890 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Female hypogonadism | E23, E28 | ESR1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Eye disorders | H00-H59 | ESR1; |
| NA: NA | Geographic retinal atrophy | NA | APP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Leukemia | C90-C95 | ESR1; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Female sexual dysfunction | F52 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Female infertility | N97.0 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Female infertility due to anovulation | N97.0 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lymphoma | C81-C86 | CA9; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Macular degeneration | H35.3 | APP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Lung cancer | C33-C34 | MMP2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Renal cell carcinoma | NA | MMP2; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Estrogen deficiency | E28.39 | ESR1; |
| Z00-Z99: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services | Contraception | Z30 | ESR1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Stroke | I61-I63, I80-I82 | MMP9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Colorectal cancer | C18-C21 | MMP9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer | C73 | TSHR; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hypogonadism | E23.0, E28.3, E29.1 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Post-menopausal vaginal atrophy | N95.2 | ESR1; |
| NA: NA | Postmenopausal disorder | NA | ESR1; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Acne vulgaris | L70.0 | ESR1; MMP2; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Osteoarthritis | M15-M19, M47 | MMP2; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Rheumatoid arthritis | M05-M06 | AKR1B1; MMP1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Multiple scierosis | G35 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Adrenocortical carcinoma | C74.0 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hormone deficiency | E00-E90 | ESR1; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | High blood pressure | I10-I16 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Advanced prostate cancer | C61 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | ESR1; NFKB1; MMP9; MMP2; APP; CA9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Carcinoma | D00-D09 | ESR1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Alzheimer disease | G30 | APP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Renal cancer | C64 | CA9; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetes | E23.2, N25.1 | AKR1B1; FFAR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Hyperlipidaemia | E78 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Breast cancer | C50 | ESR1; CA9; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Brain cancer | C71, D33 | ESR1; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Brain injury | S09.90 | APP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Prostate cancer | C61 | ESR1; |
| NA: NA | Menopausal disorder | NA | ESR1; |
| Z00-Z99: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services | Hormone replacement therapy | Z79.890 | ESR1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Amyloidosis | E85 | APP; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Diagnostic imaging | G30, I73.9 | APP; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic neuropathy | E11.40 | AKR1B1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic complication | E08-E13 | AKR1B1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic cataract | E10.36, E11.36 | AKR1B1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Glaucoma | H40-H42 | AKR1B1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Glioma | C71 | APP; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Gout | M10 | AKR1B1; |
| NA: NA | Gonorrheal vaginitis | NA | ESR1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Open-angle glaucoma | H40-H42 | CA2; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Hormone refractory prostate cancer | C61 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Pancreatic cancer | C25 | MMP2; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | ESR1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Clear cell renal cell carcinoma | C64 | CA9; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Cerebral amyloid angiopathy | I68.0 | APP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Ovarian cancer | C56 | MMP2; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mild cognitive impairment | F06.7 | APP; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic nephropathy | E11.21 | MMP1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Age related macular degeneration | H35.3 | APP; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Head and neck cancer | C07-C14, C32-C33 | AKR1B1; |
| Z00-Z99: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services | Oral contraceptive | Z30 | ESR1; |
| Q00-Q99: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities | Osteopetrosis | Q78.2 | ESR1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Vagina disease | N76.0 | ESR1; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
