Plant Name: Peganum harmala
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO1085
Plant Latin Name: Peganum harmala
Taxonomy Genus: Peganum
Taxonomy Family: Nitrariaceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
43879
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
774545-1
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
Turkmenistan; Algeria; India; Lebanon; Jordan; China; IraqTraditional Medicine System:
Indian Folk; TCM; Unani; Ayurveda; SiddhaMedicinal Functions:
Abortifacient; Alterative; Aphrodisiac; Digestive; Diuretic; Emmenagogue; Galactogogue; Hallucinogenic; Miscellany; Narcotic; Ophthalmic; Parasiticide; Uterine tonic; Vermifuge
Geographical Distribution:
Turkey; Italy; Bangladesh; India; France; Turkmenistan; Saudi Arabia; Algeria; Jordan; China; Iraq; Spain; Ukraine; Libya; United States; Morocco; Russia; Bulgaria; Pakistan; Romania; South Africa; Egypt; Lebanon; Tunisia; Greece; Hungary
Example Image
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| ADRA2C; | |
| TSHR; | |
| DYRK2; DYRK3; HASPIN; DYRK1A; DYRK1B; CLK1; | |
| MAOA; | |
| MAPT; LMNA; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
| Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: | CYP1A2; |
|---|
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 family 1 | CYP1A2 | Cytochrome P450 1A2 | P05177 | CHEMBL3356 |
| Oxidoreductase | MAOA | Monoamine oxidase A | P21397 | CHEMBL1951 |
| Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) | TSHR | Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | P16473 | CHEMBL1963 |
| Protein Kinase | DYRK2 | Dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation regulated kinase 2 | Q92630 | CHEMBL4376 |
| Protein Kinase | DYRK3 | Dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation regulated kinase 3 | O43781 | CHEMBL4575 |
| Protein Kinase | HASPIN | Serine/threonine-protein kinase haspin | Q8TF76 | CHEMBL1075163 |
| Protein Kinase | DYRK1A | Dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A | Q13627 | CHEMBL2292 |
| Protein Kinase | DYRK1B | Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B | Q9Y463 | CHEMBL5543 |
| Protein Kinase | CLK1 | Dual specificty protein kinase CLK1 | P49759 | CHEMBL4224 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | ADRA2C | Alpha-2c adrenergic receptor | P18825 | CHEMBL1916 |
| Unclassified | MAPT | Microtubule-associated protein tau | P10636 | CHEMBL1293224 |
| Unclassified | LMNA | Prelamin-A/C | P02545 | CHEMBL1293235 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004712; protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity | 2.975E-11 | 6.477E-07 | CLK1, DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK2, DYRK3 |
| BP | GO:0008152; metabolic process | GO:0018108; peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation | 5.883E-08 | 3.469E-04 | CLK1, DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK2, DYRK3 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004713; protein tyrosine kinase activity | 5.133E-08 | 3.469E-04 | CLK1, DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK2, DYRK3 |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0004674; protein serine/threonine kinase activity | 1.320E-07 | 5.747E-04 | CLK1, DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK2, DYRK3, HASPIN |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤1μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09100 Metabolism | 09105 Amino acid metabolism | hsa00380 | Tryptophan metabolism | 2.542E-04 | 8.134E-03 | MAOA, CYP1A2 |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | ADRA2C; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Vitiligo | L80 | MAOA; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Ocular hypertension | H40.0 | ADRA2C; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Obesity | E66 | ADRA2C; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer diagnosis | C73 | TSHR; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neuropathic pain | G64, G90.0 | MAOA; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Neurological disease | I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 | ADRA2C; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Hypotension | I95 | ADRA2C; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42 | MAOA; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Fibromyalgia | M79.7 | ADRA2C; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neurodegenerative disease | G30-G32 | MAPT; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Alcohol use disorders | F10.2 | ADRA2C; MAOA; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Central nervous system disease | G00-G99 | MAPT; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Allergic rhinitis | J00, J30, J31.0, T78.4 | ADRA2C; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Alzheimer disease | G30 | ADRA2C; MAOA; MAPT; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Asthma | J45 | ADRA2C; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Peptic ulcer | K25-K27 | ADRA2C; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Parkinson's disease | G20 | MAOA; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Cognitive disorders | F01-F07, F04, F05, R41.3 | MAPT; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poison intoxication | T36-T50 | ADRA2C; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Contusion | S36.220S | ADRA2C; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Erythema | L51-L54 | ADRA2C; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Epilepsy | G40 | MAOA; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mood disorder | F30-F39 | MAOA; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Thyroid cancer | C73 | TSHR; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Depression | F30-F39 | ADRA2C; MAOA; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Heart failure | I50 | ADRA2C; |
| W85-W99: Exposure to electric current, radiation and extreme ambient air temperature and pressure | Diagnostic test to differentiate primary and secondary hypothyroidism | W88 | TSHR; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Glaucoma | H40-H42 | ADRA2C; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic nephropathy | E11.21 | ADRA2C; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Male sexual disorders | F52 | ADRA2C; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Major depressive disorder | F32, F33, M32 | MAOA; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Ocular disease | H00-H59 | ADRA2C; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Hypertension | I10-I16 | ADRA2C; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Collective molecular activities profile at 10μM cutoff
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
