Plant Name: Prunus dulcis
Taxonomic Information:
Plant ID: NPO10029
Plant Latin Name: Prunus dulcis
Taxonomy Genus: Prunus
Taxonomy Family: Rosaceae
Plant External Links:
NCBI TaxonomyDB:
3755
Plant-of-the-World-Online:
n.a.
Used in Medicines:
Country/Region:
India; ItalyTraditional Medicine System:
Unani; Indian Folk; Homeopathy; Ayurveda; SiddhaMedicinal Functions:
Antiemetic; Antitumor; Demulcent; Emollient; Miscellany; Nutritive; Pectoral
Geographical Distribution:
Italy; India
Geographical Distribution
See the Plant Occurrence Worldwide with Latitude and Longitude Available
Collective Molecular Activities of the Plant
List of Human Proteins Collectively Targeted by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Target
| HRH3; HRH4; HRH1; HRH2; ADRA2C; ADRA2A; | |
| TSHR; NMUR2; NPSR1; | |
| GAA; ACHE; | |
| GLA; BLM; ALDH1A1; POLB; | |
| GABRR2; | |
| MAPK1; | |
| CA1; CA9; | |
| KDM4E; | |
| NFKB1; | |
| LMNA; |
List of Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Affected by the Plant
Click Gene ID to Access Activity Profile of Individual Enzyme
Detailed Information of Target Proteins
| Protein Class | Gene ID | Protein Name | Uniprot ID | Target ChEMBL ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 family 2 | CYP2C19 | Cytochrome P450 2C19 | P33261 | CHEMBL3622 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 2 | CYP2A6 | Cytochrome P450 2A6 | P11509 | CHEMBL5282 |
| Cytochrome P450 family 3 | CYP3A4 | Cytochrome P450 3A4 | P08684 | CHEMBL340 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | GLA | Alpha-galactosidase A | P06280 | CHEMBL2524 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | BLM | Bloom syndrome protein | P54132 | CHEMBL1293237 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | ALDH1A1 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 | P00352 | CHEMBL3577 |
| Enzyme_unclassified | POLB | DNA polymerase beta | P06746 | CHEMBL2392 |
| GABA-A receptor | GABRR2 | GABA receptor rho-2 subunit | P28476 | CHEMBL2375 |
| Hydrolase | GAA | Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase | P10253 | CHEMBL2608 |
| Hydrolase | ACHE | Acetylcholinesterase | P22303 | CHEMBL220 |
| Lyase | CA1 | Carbonic anhydrase I | P00915 | CHEMBL261 |
| Lyase | CA9 | Carbonic anhydrase IX | Q16790 | CHEMBL3594 |
| Lysine demethylase | KDM4E | Lysine-specific demethylase 4D-like | B2RXH2 | CHEMBL1293226 |
| Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) | TSHR | Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | P16473 | CHEMBL1963 |
| Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) | NMUR2 | Neuromedin-U receptor 2 | Q9GZQ4 | CHEMBL1075144 |
| Peptide receptor (family A GPCR) | NPSR1 | Neuropeptide S receptor | Q6W5P4 | CHEMBL5162 |
| Protein Kinase | MAPK1 | MAP kinase ERK2 | P28482 | CHEMBL4040 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HRH3 | Histamine H3 receptor | Q9Y5N1 | CHEMBL264 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HRH4 | Histamine H4 receptor | Q9H3N8 | CHEMBL3759 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HRH1 | Histamine H1 receptor | P35367 | CHEMBL231 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | HRH2 | Histamine H2 receptor | P25021 | CHEMBL1941 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | ADRA2C | Alpha-2c adrenergic receptor | P18825 | CHEMBL1916 |
| Small molecule receptor (family A GPCR) | ADRA2A | Alpha-2a adrenergic receptor | P08913 | CHEMBL1867 |
| Transcription Factor | NFKB1 | Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit | P19838 | CHEMBL3251 |
| Unclassified | LMNA | Prelamin-A/C | P02545 | CHEMBL1293235 |
Enrichment of Gene Ontology of Target Proteins (Activity≤10μM)
Detailed Information of Enriched Gene Ontolgy
| GO Type | GO Category | Enriched GO Terms | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MF | GO:0060089; molecular transducer activity | GO:0004969; histamine receptor activity | 3.267E-11 | 7.113E-07 | HRH1, HRH2, HRH3, HRH4 |
| BP | GO:0050896; response to stimulus | GO:0042738; exogenous drug catabolic process | 4.181E-07 | 1.517E-03 | CYP2A6, CYP2C19, CYP3A4 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0007187; G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger | 3.292E-06 | 4.271E-03 | ADRA2A, ADRA2C, HRH2, HRH3, TSHR |
| MF | GO:0060089; molecular transducer activity | GO:0004938; alpha2-adrenergic receptor activity | 4.821E-06 | 5.249E-03 | ADRA2A, ADRA2C |
| BP | GO:0065007; biological regulation | GO:0007194; negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity | 9.266E-06 | 8.380E-03 | ADRA2A, HRH3, HRH4 |
| BP | GO:0065007; biological regulation | GO:0035625; epidermal growth factor-activated receptor transactivation by G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | 9.634E-06 | 8.380E-03 | ADRA2A, ADRA2C |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0032811; negative regulation of epinephrine secretion | 9.634E-06 | 8.380E-03 | ADRA2A, ADRA2C |
| BP | Unclassified; | GO:0045907; positive regulation of vasoconstriction | 1.018E-05 | 8.380E-03 | ADRA2C, HRH1, HRH2 |
| BP | GO:0009987; cellular process | GO:0019932; second-messenger-mediated signaling | 1.112E-05 | 8.380E-03 | ADRA2A, ADRA2C, HRH1, NMUR2, TSHR |
| MF | GO:0003824; catalytic activity | GO:0008395; steroid hydroxylase activity | 1.116E-05 | 8.380E-03 | CYP2A6, CYP2C19, CYP3A4 |
| MF | Unclassified; | GO:0004872; receptor activity | 1.178E-05 | 8.551E-03 | ADRA2A, ADRA2C, GABRR2, HRH1, HRH2, HRH3, HRH4, NMUR2, NPSR1, TSHR |
Enriched KEGG Pathways of Target Proteins (Activity≤10μM)
Top 10 KEGG Pathways (ordered by adjusted p-value)
Detailed Information of Enriched KEGG Pathways
| Pathway Category Top Level | Pathway Category Second Level | Pathway ID | Pathway Name | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | Enriched Genes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09133 Signaling molecules and interaction | hsa04080 | Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | 2.772E-11 | 3.853E-09 | GABRR2, HRH1, HRH3, HRH2, HRH4, NMUR2, ADRA2C, ADRA2A, TSHR |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09108 Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins | hsa00830 | Retinol metabolism | 7.160E-05 | 3.966E-03 | CYP2A6, ALDH1A1, CYP3A4 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09111 Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | hsa00982 | Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 | 8.560E-05 | 3.966E-03 | CYP2A6, CYP3A4, CYP2C19 |
| 09160 Human Diseases | 09161 Cancers | hsa05204 | Chemical carcinogenesis | 1.431E-04 | 4.974E-03 | CYP2A6, CYP3A4, CYP2C19 |
| 09140 Cellular Processes | 09143 Cell growth and death | hsa04210 | Apoptosis | 6.897E-04 | 1.198E-02 | LMNA, MAPK1, NFKB1 |
| 09130 Environmental Information Processing | 09132 Signal transduction | hsa04022 | cGMP-PKG signaling pathway | 1.149E-03 | 1.774E-02 | MAPK1, ADRA2C, ADRA2A |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09103 Lipid metabolism | hsa00591 | Linoleic acid metabolism | 5.966E-04 | 1.198E-02 | CYP3A4, CYP2C19 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09101 Carbohydrate metabolism | hsa00052 | Galactose metabolism | 6.387E-04 | 1.198E-02 | GAA, GLA |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09111 Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism | hsa00983 | Drug metabolism - other enzymes | 1.501E-03 | 2.087E-02 | CYP2A6, CYP3A4 |
| 09100 Metabolism | 09102 Energy metabolism | hsa00910 | Nitrogen metabolism | 2.017E-04 | 5.607E-03 | CA1, CA9 |
Human Diseases Associated with the Target Proteins of the Plant
Detailed Information of Human Diseases
| ICD10 Disease Category | Disease Name | ICD10 Code | Associated Disease Targets (Association Ref: TTD database) |
|---|---|---|---|
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Diabetic neuropathy | E11.40 | HRH3; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Obese insulin-resistant disorders | E11 | HRH3; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Obesity | E66 | HRH1; HRH3; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Dementia | F01-F07 | HRH3; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Depression | F30-F39 | HRH1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Alzheimer disease | G30 | ACHE; HRH3; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Myasthenia gravis | G70.0 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Myasthenia gravis diagnosis | G70.0 | ACHE; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Metabolic disorders | E70-E89 | HRH3; |
| NA: NA | Coughs | NA | HRH1; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Cough | R05 | HRH1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Narcolepsy | G47.4 | HRH3; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Nausea | R11 | HRH1; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Nasal congestion | J34.89 | HRH1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Cancer | C00-C96 | NFKB1; ACHE; HRH1; CA1; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Cognitive disorders | F01-F07, F04, F05, R41.3 | ACHE; HRH3; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Epilepsy | G40 | HRH3; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Eating disorder | E66, F50, I10-I16, I50 | HRH3; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Sleep disorders | F51, G47 | HRH1; HRH3; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Epileptic seizures | G40, P90, R56 | ACHE; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Hay fever | J30 | HRH1; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Schizophrenia | F20 | HRH3; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis | J30 | HRH1; |
| NA: NA | Early satiation associated with functional dyspepsia | NA | ACHE; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Rhinitis | J00, J30, J31.0 | HRH1; |
| M00-M99: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | Rheumatoid arthritis | M05-M06 | HRH4; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Duodenal ulcers | K25-K27 | CA1; |
| N00-N99: Diseases of the genitourinary system | Urinary dysfunction | N39.3-N39.4 | ACHE; |
| K00-K95: Diseases of the digestive system | Xerostomia | K11.7, R68.2 | ACHE; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Helminth infection | A00-B99 | ACHE; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Respiratory disease | J00-J99 | HRH1; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Open-angle glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Central nervous system disease | G00-G99 | HRH3; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; CA1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Pain | G64, G90.0, R52, G89 | ACHE; HRH1; HRH3; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Chronic glaucoma | H40-H42 | ACHE; CA1; |
| NA: NA | Hypersensitivity reactions | NA | HRH1; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Pruritus | L29 | HRH1; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Allergic rhinitis | J00, J30, J31.0, T78.4 | HRH1; HRH3; HRH4; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Allergy | T78.4 | HRH1; |
| L00-L99: Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | Allergic skin disorders | L00-L99 | HRH1; |
| E00-E89: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | Type 2 diabetes | E11 | NFKB1; |
| NA: NA | Itching | NA | HRH1; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Alcohol use disorders | F10.2 | HRH3; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Inflammatory disease | C11, C44, K75.9, M00-M25 | HRH4; |
| NA: NA | Upper abdominal bloating | NA | ACHE; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Anxiety disorder | F32, F40-F42 | CYP3A4; ACHE; HRH1; HRH3; |
| NA: NA | Common cold | NA | HRH1; |
| NA: NA | Vasomotor rhinitis | NA | HRH1; |
| NA: NA | Urticaria | NA | HRH1; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Anesthesia | R20.0 | HRH1; |
| NA: NA | Vomiting | NA | HRH1; |
| NA: NA | Vertigo's disease | NA | HRH1; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | F90 | HRH3; |
| NA: NA | Meniere's disease | NA | HRH1; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poisoning due to pesticides and chemicals | T36-T50 | ACHE; |
| S00-T88: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | Poison intoxication | T36-T50 | ACHE; |
| J00-J99: Diseases of the respiratory system | Asthma | J45 | HRH1; HRH4; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Mild to moderate alzheimer disease | G30 | HRH3; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Mild cognitive impairment | F06.7 | ACHE; |
| I00-I99: Diseases of the circulatory system | Neurological disease | I21, I22, R52, R52.1-R52.2, R60.9, G89 | HRH3; |
| A00-B99: Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | Pediculus humanus capitis | B85.0 | ACHE; |
| NA: NA | Perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis | NA | HRH1; |
| H60-H95: Diseases of the ear and mastoid process | Vertigo meniere's disease | H81, H81.0, R42 | HRH1; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Musculoskeletal pain | R52, G89 | HRH3; |
| H00-H59: Diseases of the eye and adnexa | Ocular allergy | H00-H59 | HRH1; |
| NA: NA | Allergic disorders | NA | HRH1; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Excessive daytime sleepiness | F51.1, G47.1 | HRH3; |
| F01-F99: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders | Insomnia | F51.0, G47.0 | HRH1; |
| NA: NA | Morning sickness | NA | HRH1; |
| NA: NA | Respiratory allergies | NA | HRH1; |
| C00-D49: Neoplasms | Allergic conjunctivitis | C91.0, H10, H10.45, T78.4 | HRH1; |
| R00-R99: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified | Dry cough | R05 | HRH1; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Neurodegenerative disease | G30-G32 | ACHE; |
| G00-G99: Diseases of the nervous system G00-G99 | Parkinson's disease | G20 | ACHE; HRH1; |
>> Profiles of ingredients and activity landscape
>> Targets derived from weak experimental activities
