NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC526848

Natural Product ID	NPC526848
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	tricosyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate
IUPAC Name	tricosyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	n.a.
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 121120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 15.0476 3.1619 1.2942 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14.0811 2.0088 1.1526 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.8083 2.4092 0.4724 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.8497 1.2714 0.3435 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.4065 0.1305 -0.4601 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.3754 -0.9457 -0.5283 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.5605 -2.1579 -0.0779 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.4759 -3.1803 -0.1829 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.2779 -2.6095 -0.8251 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.0652 -2.4859 -0.3766 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.6064 -2.9289 0.9745 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0404 -1.7909 1.7478 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8330 -1.1110 1.2034 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.5713 -1.8526 1.1645 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3394 -3.0862 0.4541 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4342 -3.3079 -0.9797 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5722 -2.6868 -1.9696 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5389 -1.2196 -2.1463 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1519 -0.4115 -1.4318 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7848 -0.6815 -3.1716 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5592 0.5964 -3.5386 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5667 1.3520 -2.6967 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8574 1.5178 -1.2783 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9783 2.3807 -0.4678 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4583 2.1293 -0.3679 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2625 2.3685 -1.5910 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7572 2.0716 -1.3958 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2970 2.9466 -0.3323 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8065 2.7621 -0.0892 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5956 3.0818 -1.2972 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0681 3.0137 -1.2026 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7868 1.7771 -0.9085 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5868 1.0531 0.3616 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.8544 1.8607 1.5908 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2367 2.3973 1.7233 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3070 1.2845 1.7579 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.0650 0.3691 2.8863 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.9917 -0.7320 3.1658 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.2672 -1.8274 2.2392 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.9174 -1.5296 0.9390 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.1343 -2.8748 0.1724 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.8060 -2.5816 -1.1436 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -14.1417 -1.9149 -0.8226 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14.4945 4.1146 1.4809 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15.7752 2.9982 2.1203 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15.5948 3.3127 0.3290 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14.6041 1.1582 0.6729 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.8303 1.6683 2.1937 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.3410 3.2105 1.0796 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.0044 2.8485 -0.5319 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.5722 0.9305 1.3729 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.8841 1.6340 -0.0926 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.5825 0.4944 -1.5098 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.3521 -0.2655 -0.0197 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.4331 -0.6690 -0.9851 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.4887 -2.4557 0.3777 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.8479 -4.0465 -0.8230 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.2848 -3.6269 0.8011 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.4679 -2.2306 -1.8613 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.3383 -1.9994 -1.0434 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.5575 -3.2143 1.5353 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0178 -3.8351 0.9729 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.8963 -1.0647 1.9030 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8230 -2.1528 2.7856 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0906 -0.5375 0.2636 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6516 -0.2361 1.9327 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7164 -1.1017 1.0793 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3990 -2.1401 2.3016 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.7691 -3.9604 1.0505 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1932 -3.3237 0.6854 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4981 -3.3013 -1.3735 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2267 -4.4627 -1.1020 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4870 -3.0506 -1.9085 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8468 -3.0756 -3.0186 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1746 0.6698 -4.6202 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5260 1.2224 -3.5724 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6347 0.6407 -2.7467 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2531 2.2832 -3.2194 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9243 1.8877 -1.1758 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8496 0.5093 -0.7232 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4083 2.3815 0.6047 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1696 3.4675 -0.7674 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6764 1.0634 0.0005 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9287 2.7945 0.4363 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1712 3.5049 -1.7802 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9617 1.9152 -2.5229 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8065 0.9952 -1.0624 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.2842 2.1031 -2.3522 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8572 2.6475 0.6685 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1107 4.0205 -0.4337 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9127 1.7223 0.2043 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0657 3.4913 0.7107 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3583 4.1779 -1.5366 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.2069 2.5569 -2.2197 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.4697 3.3762 -2.2247 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.3636 3.8637 -0.5007 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.9010 1.8657 -1.0752 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.4998 1.0331 -1.7305 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6632 0.4712 0.3948 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3939 0.2311 0.3697 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.5403 1.2267 2.4659 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1659 2.7543 1.6571 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2937 3.0250 2.6333 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.4829 3.0082 0.8546 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.2653 1.8339 1.9304 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.2642 0.8387 0.7693 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.9754 0.9617 3.8557 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.0479 -0.1098 2.6965 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.6385 -1.1740 4.1805 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.0001 -0.2771 3.5439 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.0006 -2.5271 2.7827 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3816 -2.5237 2.1040 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.9365 -1.1115 1.0312 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.3632 -0.8944 0.2339 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.7155 -3.5773 0.7670 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.1046 -3.2298 -0.0411 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.2355 -1.8454 -1.7487 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.9787 -3.5235 -1.6677 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -14.4705 -2.2719 0.1969 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -14.0626 -0.8218 -0.8186 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -14.8966 -2.1941 -1.5823 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 2 3 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 2 3 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 2 0 18 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 34 35 1 0 35 36 1 0 36 37 1 0 37 38 1 0 38 39 1 0 39 40 1 0 40 41 1 0 41 42 1 0 42 43 1 0 1 44 1 0 1 45 1 0 1 46 1 0 2 47 1 0 2 48 1 0 3 49 1 0 3 50 1 0 4 51 1 0 4 52 1 0 5 53 1 0 5 54 1 0 6 55 1 0 7 56 1 0 8 57 1 0 8 58 1 0 9 59 1 0 10 60 1 0 11 61 1 0 11 62 1 0 12 63 1 0 12 64 1 0 13 65 1 0 13 66 1 0 14 67 1 0 14 68 1 0 15 69 1 0 15 70 1 0 16 71 1 0 16 72 1 0 17 73 1 0 17 74 1 0 21 75 1 0 21 76 1 0 22 77 1 0 22 78 1 0 23 79 1 0 23 80 1 0 24 81 1 0 24 82 1 0 25 83 1 0 25 84 1 0 26 85 1 0 26 86 1 0 27 87 1 0 27 88 1 0 28 89 1 0 28 90 1 0 29 91 1 0 29 92 1 0 30 93 1 0 30 94 1 0 31 95 1 0 31 96 1 0 32 97 1 0 32 98 1 0 33 99 1 0 33100 1 0 34101 1 0 34102 1 0 35103 1 0 35104 1 0 36105 1 0 36106 1 0 37107 1 0 37108 1 0 38109 1 0 38110 1 0 39111 1 0 39112 1 0 40113 1 0 40114 1 0 41115 1 0 41116 1 0 42117 1 0 42118 1 0 43119 1 0 43120 1 0 43121 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	RGMQLMBNOWSRSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C41H78O2/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-19-20-21-22-23-24-26-28-30-32-34-36-38-40-43-41(42)39-37-35-33-31-29-27-25-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h12,14,18,25H,3-11,13,15-17,19-24,26-40H2,1-2H3
SMILES	CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

MedChem Properties

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

ADMET: Distribution

ADMET: Metabolism

ADMET: Excretion

ADMET: Toxicity

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO16779	Amaranthus hybridus	Species	Amaranthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO16779	Amaranthus hybridus	Species	Amaranthaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC526848 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	25700
0.1-0.2	21834
0.2-0.3	1883
0.3-0.4	319
0.4-0.5	64
0.5-0.6	34
0.6-0.7	17
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	2
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8235	Intermediate Similarity	NPC223677
0.8182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC71761
0.7714	Intermediate Similarity	NPC28779
0.7273	Intermediate Similarity	NPC149299
0.697	Remote Similarity	NPC80396
0.6857	Remote Similarity	NPC128061
0.6757	Remote Similarity	NPC10316
0.6757	Remote Similarity	NPC200845
0.675	Remote Similarity	NPC475443
0.675	Remote Similarity	NPC473829
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC39633
0.6585	Remote Similarity	NPC330426
0.6585	Remote Similarity	NPC127091
0.6585	Remote Similarity	NPC22101
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC154642
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC80641
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC603612
0.6429	Remote Similarity	NPC54925
0.6364	Remote Similarity	NPC223249
0.6176	Remote Similarity	NPC154396
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC277597
0.5962	Remote Similarity	NPC470237
0.5952	Remote Similarity	NPC321919
0.5946	Remote Similarity	NPC207815
0.587	Remote Similarity	NPC473559
0.587	Remote Similarity	NPC324981
0.5854	Remote Similarity	NPC104537
0.5833	Remote Similarity	NPC309606
0.5814	Remote Similarity	NPC271921
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPC163345
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPC139545
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC286695
0.5435	Remote Similarity	NPC473772
0.5429	Remote Similarity	NPC322892
0.5429	Remote Similarity	NPC12904
0.5429	Remote Similarity	NPC476550
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC143857
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC229252
0.5217	Remote Similarity	NPC48218
0.5217	Remote Similarity	NPC141481
0.5217	Remote Similarity	NPC464342
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC250028
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC236579
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC80234
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC86545
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC286498
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC223374
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC203531
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC196442
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC256163
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC301398
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC40597
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC608162
0.5143	Remote Similarity	NPC609004
0.5128	Remote Similarity	NPC228473

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC526848 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	7074
0.1-0.2	1910
0.2-0.3	123
0.3-0.4	35
0.4-0.5	4
0.5-0.6	4
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.5789	Remote Similarity	NPD5343	Phase 4
0.55	Remote Similarity	NPD6096	Phase 4
0.5238	Remote Similarity	NPD631	Phase 4
0.5116	Remote Similarity	NPD630	Approved

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data