Natural Product: NPC51357

Natural Product IDNPC51357
Common Name
?
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-UDYKRWBFSA-N
IUPAC Name n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier n.a.
PubChem CID n.a.
Chemical Classification
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives
        • [CHEMONTID:0003567] Ergostane steroids
          • [CHEMONTID:0001403] Ergosterols and derivatives

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

  Chemical Representations

Standard InCHIKey SGNBVLSWZMBQTH-UDYKRWBFSA-N
Standard InCHI InChI=1S/C28H48O/c1-18(2)19(3)7-8-20(4)24-11-12-25-23-10-9-21-17-22(29)13-15-27(21,5)26(23)14-16-28(24,25)6/h9,18-20,22-26,29H,7-8,10-17H2,1-6H3/t19-,20-,22+,23+,24+,25+,26-,27+,28+/m1/s1
SMILES CC(C)[C@H](C)CC[C@@H](C)[C@@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C4C[C@H](CC[C@]4(C)[C@@H]3CC[C@@]12C)O

  Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:   400.37 Volume:   464.772
?
Van der Waals volume.
Dense:   0.861 LogP:   6.474
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:   4.76
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
LogS:   -5.903
?
The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:   5.0 Rigid Bonds:   20.0
TPSA:   20.23
?
Topological Polar Surface Area.
H-Bond Acceptor:   1.0
H-Bond Donor:   1.0 Rings:   4.0
Heavy Atoms:   1.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:   0.47 GASA:   1.0
?
GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:   4.35 Fsp3:   0.929
MCE-18:   69.0
?
MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
Lipinski Rule-of-5:   Rejected
Pfizer Rule:   Accepted GSK Rule:   Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:   Rejected BMS Rule:   0
Chelating Alert:   0 PAINS Alert:   0
Colloidal aggregators:   0.923 Fluc inhibitor:   0.005
?
The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:   0.007
?
The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Green fluorescence:   0.0
?
The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:   0.672 Promiscuous compounds:   0.019

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:   -5.038 MDCK Permeability:   -4.923
Pgp-inhibitor:   0.072 Pgp-substrate:   0.369
PAMPA:   0.157
?
The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   0.0
20% Bioavailability (F20%):   0.101 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   0.08
50% Bioavailability (F50%):   0.987

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   0.011 MRP1:   0.382
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   97.763% Volume Distribution (VD):   0.049
Fu: 3.179%
?
The fraction unbound in plasms.
OATP1B1 inhibitor:   0.995
OATP1B3 inhibitor:   0.765 BCRP inhibitor:   0.088
BSEP inhibitor:   0.074

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP1A2-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:   0.769 CYP2C19-substrate:   0.068
CYP2C9-inhibitor:   0.001 CYP2C9-substrate:   0.039
CYP2D6-inhibitor:   0.095 CYP2D6-substrate:   0.012
CYP3A4-inhibitor:   0.994 CYP3A4-substrate:   1.0
CYP2B6-substrate:   0.0 CYP2C8-inhibitor:   1.0
HLM stability:   0.806
?
Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  10.961 Half-life (T1/2):  0.323

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.073 hERG Blockers (10um):  0.195
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.494 Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.206
AMES Toxicity:  0.342 Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.229
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.53 Skin Sensitization:  0.894
Carcinogencity:  0.857 Eye Corrosion:  0.204
Eye Irritation:  0.799 Respiratory Toxicity:  0.69
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:  0.073 Ototoxicity:  0.484
Hematotoxicity:  0.389 Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:  0.679
Genotoxicity:  0.043 RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:  0.069
A549 Cytotoxicity:  0.494 Hek293 Cytotoxicity:  0.461
BCF:   2.74
?
Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
IGC50:   4.404
?
48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:   5.087
?
48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50FM:   5.027
?
96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO19825 Litsea japonica Species Lauraceae Eukaryota leaves n.a. n.a. PMID[14575444]
NPO16934 Nephthea chabrolii Species Nephtheidae Eukaryota n.a. Formosan soft coral n.a. PMID[16309317]
NPO7688 Artemisia selengensis Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[Article]
NPO16934 Nephthea chabrolii Species Nephtheidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6440 Strychnos dolichothyrsa Species Loganiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO14366 Youngia japonica Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO2790 Anthopleura elegantissima Species Actiniidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO10952 Camelina sativa Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO11238 Ocotea suaveolens Species Lauraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO18873.1 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar anatum Subspecies Enterobacteriaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3052 Shorea resina-nigra Species Dipterocarpaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO7893 Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis Species Parmeliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO15450 Minuria leptophylla Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO9799 Hebeloma longicaudum Species Cortinariaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO19234 Hymenopappus newberryi Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO19565 Crocus chrysanthus Species Iridaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO4174 Dioscorea deltoidea Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO18275 Struthiopteris amabilis Species Blechnaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO19364 Aconitum chasmanthum Species Ranunculaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO19076 Gaillardia pulchella Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6440 Strychnos dolichothyrsa Species Loganiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO19364 Aconitum chasmanthum Species Ranunculaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO4174 Dioscorea deltoidea Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO19076 Gaillardia pulchella Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO7744.1 Solidago canadensis var. scabra Varieties Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO19076 Gaillardia pulchella Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO6440 Strychnos dolichothyrsa Species Loganiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO4174 Dioscorea deltoidea Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO19364 Aconitum chasmanthum Species Ranunculaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO6440 Strychnos dolichothyrsa Species Loganiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO19076 Gaillardia pulchella Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO4174 Dioscorea deltoidea Species Dioscoreaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19825 Litsea japonica Species Lauraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11238 Ocotea suaveolens Species Lauraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO28977 Tetradesmus obliquus Species Scenedesmaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO17577 Azalea ovata n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2790 Anthopleura elegantissima Species Actiniidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19565 Crocus chrysanthus Species Iridaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19364 Aconitum chasmanthum Species Ranunculaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO10952 Camelina sativa Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO18518 Haematomma nemetzii Species Haematommataceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO18499 Podium complanatum Species Sphecidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11060 Doris luteorosea Species Dorididae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO9799 Hebeloma longicaudum Species Cortinariaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19234 Hymenopappus newberryi Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO14366 Youngia japonica Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19298 Gerbera crocea Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO17341 Gambeya africana n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7688 Artemisia selengensis Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO17887 Penstemon centranthifolius Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6440 Strychnos dolichothyrsa Species Loganiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11469 Aspergillus parvathecius Species Aspergillaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19696 Othonna quercifolia Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO18023 Vitex quinata Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO18275 Struthiopteris amabilis Species Blechnaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO21360 Cordia corymbosa Species Cordiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19076 Gaillardia pulchella Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19869 Fusicolla aquaeductuum Species Nectriaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO18873.1 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar anatum Subspecies Enterobacteriaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7744.1 Solidago canadensis var. scabra Varieties Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO15450 Minuria leptophylla Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3052 Shorea resina-nigra Species Dipterocarpaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO16934 Nephthea chabrolii Species Nephtheidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO17450 Calanthe sylvatica Species Orchidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7893 Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis Species Parmeliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID Organism Name Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



 Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference





 Experimental ADME

Experiment Model Experiment Tissue ADME Type ADME Relation ADME Value ADME Unit Reference





 Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model Experiment Organism Toxicity Type Toxicity Relation Toxicity Value Toxicity Unit Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption
Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]


  Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC51357 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
1.0 High Similarity NPC162742
1.0 High Similarity NPC304309
1.0 High Similarity NPC470228
0.8936 High Similarity NPC230301
0.8913 High Similarity NPC34019
0.8542 High Similarity NPC198968
0.8542 High Similarity NPC285893
0.8511 High Similarity NPC22105
0.8511 High Similarity NPC107059
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC136188
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC28657
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPC474216
0.8163 Intermediate Similarity NPC134847
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC241290
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC164840
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC484739
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC209944
0.8 Intermediate Similarity NPC155986
0.7843 Intermediate Similarity NPC321381
0.7692 Intermediate Similarity NPC59453
0.7647 Intermediate Similarity NPC264245
0.76 Intermediate Similarity NPC154330
0.7547 Intermediate Similarity NPC603646
0.7451 Intermediate Similarity NPC113733
0.7407 Intermediate Similarity NPC473943
0.74 Intermediate Similarity NPC600590
0.7358 Intermediate Similarity NPC472265
0.7273 Intermediate Similarity NPC488870
0.7091 Intermediate Similarity NPC155011
0.7059 Intermediate Similarity NPC221758
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPC51014
0.6964 Remote Similarity NPC47761
0.6727 Remote Similarity NPC33913
0.6604 Remote Similarity NPC328313
0.6545 Remote Similarity NPC328714
0.6538 Remote Similarity NPC81306
0.6491 Remote Similarity NPC243985
0.6491 Remote Similarity NPC280710
0.6491 Remote Similarity NPC240650
0.6429 Remote Similarity NPC318495
0.64 Remote Similarity NPC96319
0.6379 Remote Similarity NPC474164
0.6316 Remote Similarity NPC477522
0.625 Remote Similarity NPC87604
0.6066 Remote Similarity NPC601043
0.6066 Remote Similarity NPC605412
0.6034 Remote Similarity NPC474752
0.6034 Remote Similarity NPC474683
0.5965 Remote Similarity NPC145879
0.5893 Remote Similarity NPC28862
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPC1272
0.5862 Remote Similarity NPC470614
0.5818 Remote Similarity NPC151519
0.5714 Remote Similarity NPC20688
0.569 Remote Similarity NPC31564
0.5645 Remote Similarity NPC474970
0.5614 Remote Similarity NPC76879
0.5593 Remote Similarity NPC474778
0.5593 Remote Similarity NPC474733
0.55 Remote Similarity NPC474759
0.55 Remote Similarity NPC44083
0.5439 Remote Similarity NPC109546
0.5439 Remote Similarity NPC247325
0.5439 Remote Similarity NPC317458
0.5439 Remote Similarity NPC47982
0.5424 Remote Similarity NPC26959
0.5397 Remote Similarity NPC474189
0.5345 Remote Similarity NPC84694
0.5345 Remote Similarity NPC143182
0.5345 Remote Similarity NPC20610
0.5345 Remote Similarity NPC609126
0.5312 Remote Similarity NPC176012
0.5254 Remote Similarity NPC317927
0.5246 Remote Similarity NPC474732
0.5246 Remote Similarity NPC58063
0.5238 Remote Similarity NPC475032
0.5231 Remote Similarity NPC5985
0.5224 Remote Similarity NPC235126
0.5224 Remote Similarity NPC309493
0.5224 Remote Similarity NPC242419
0.5217 Remote Similarity NPC22140
0.5217 Remote Similarity NPC243728
0.5172 Remote Similarity NPC189972
0.5167 Remote Similarity NPC476082
0.5167 Remote Similarity NPC470383
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC7505
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC475789
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC82986
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC268406
0.5156 Remote Similarity NPC474349
0.5152 Remote Similarity NPC91604
0.5147 Remote Similarity NPC147835
0.5147 Remote Similarity NPC253645
0.5147 Remote Similarity NPC85001
0.5147 Remote Similarity NPC95920
0.5143 Remote Similarity NPC3715
0.5082 Remote Similarity NPC153987
0.5082 Remote Similarity NPC474634
0.5077 Remote Similarity NPC475033
0.5077 Remote Similarity NPC599942
0.5072 Remote Similarity NPC486119

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC51357 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.8936 High Similarity NPD7339 Approved
0.8333 Intermediate Similarity NPD6942 Phase 4
0.7059 Intermediate Similarity NPD4786 Phase 1
0.64 Remote Similarity NPD3701 Pre-clinical
0.5818 Remote Similarity NPD3667 Phase 4

Bioactivity similarity

  Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data