NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC474189

Natural Product ID	NPC474189
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	17Alpha-Hydroxy-22,23-Epoxy-24-Methylcholest-5-En-3Beta-Ol
IUPAC Name	(3S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(1R)-1-[3-(3-methylbutan-2-yl)oxiran-2-yl]ethyl]-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	CHEMBL463307
PubChem CID	21577171
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives [CHEMONTID:0003569] Pregnane steroids [CHEMONTID:0001468] Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 77 81 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 8.3602 0.1588 -0.0422 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0519 0.5941 -0.6177 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8345 -0.1023 -1.9394 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8930 0.3684 0.3423 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1880 1.1775 1.5867 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6179 0.8030 -0.3280 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.3758 0.6319 0.5218 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8809 1.8557 0.1995 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2144 0.0444 -0.3234 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7415 -1.2671 -0.7988 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0278 0.0971 0.5121 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0874 -0.6998 1.7935 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1774 -1.5872 1.7446 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.0688 -0.5509 1.1185 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3297 -0.1644 -0.1007 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9911 1.0607 -0.6484 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.2476 1.4934 -0.0210 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1482 0.4859 0.5891 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.4930 -0.7616 1.1201 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0738 -2.0293 0.5534 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.5120 -1.9320 0.9422 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1616 -0.8134 0.5695 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4292 0.2295 -0.1892 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.1672 1.5440 -0.2210 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6356 1.4785 -0.2049 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2471 0.1210 -0.1327 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.6073 -0.6500 0.9575 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2921 -0.5708 -1.3308 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.2317 -0.2291 -1.5882 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1843 -1.1603 -1.1762 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9197 1.4671 0.9304 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.8846 1.0145 0.4632 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.0238 -0.1501 -0.8773 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.2729 -0.7059 0.6474 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0777 1.6805 -0.8238 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.8299 -0.3462 -2.3604 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2590 -1.0238 -1.8427 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.3236 0.5551 -2.6712 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.8907 -0.7020 0.6083 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4329 1.0002 2.3815 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1972 0.8678 1.9310 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.2516 2.2288 1.2828 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.5750 0.7249 -1.4123 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4892 0.2819 1.5435 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1251 0.7343 -1.1792 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4742 -1.5453 -1.8367 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5539 -2.1276 -0.1588 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8797 -1.2435 -0.8556 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9428 -0.0703 2.6953 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9849 -1.2824 1.9320 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0239 -2.4761 1.1405 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5356 -1.8161 2.7496 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9222 0.3434 1.8231 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2161 1.8826 -0.5656 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1243 0.9491 -1.7422 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.8532 2.0402 -0.8070 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9910 2.3310 0.6993 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.5664 0.9995 1.5192 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7642 -0.8894 2.2338 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.0596 -2.1481 -0.5132 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5847 -2.8592 1.1160 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.0386 -2.6906 1.4897 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8183 2.2139 0.5925 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8540 2.0756 -1.1653 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0579 2.0607 0.6677 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1036 1.9875 -1.1009 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3260 0.2814 0.1856 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.5928 -0.0549 1.8935 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0278 -1.6640 1.1080 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.9209 -0.1766 -1.9604 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1789 -0.2396 -1.9364 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7119 0.4975 -2.3179 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7171 -1.1884 -1.8605 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3307 -0.6096 -2.0252 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1333 -1.4566 -1.6812 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3214 -2.0931 -0.9560 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8059 1.7164 1.2950 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 2 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 4 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 7 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 9 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 2 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 26 28 1 0 23 29 1 0 15 30 1 0 11 31 1 0 8 6 1 0 15 11 1 0 19 14 1 0 23 18 1 0 27 22 1 0 1 32 1 0 1 33 1 0 1 34 1 0 2 35 1 0 3 36 1 0 3 37 1 0 3 38 1 0 4 39 1 0 5 40 1 0 5 41 1 0 5 42 1 0 6 43 1 0 7 44 1 0 9 45 1 0 10 46 1 0 10 47 1 0 10 48 1 0 12 49 1 0 12 50 1 0 13 51 1 0 13 52 1 0 14 53 1 0 16 54 1 0 16 55 1 0 17 56 1 0 17 57 1 0 18 58 1 0 19 59 1 0 20 60 1 0 20 61 1 0 21 62 1 0 24 63 1 0 24 64 1 0 25 65 1 0 25 66 1 0 26 67 1 0 27 68 1 0 27 69 1 0 28 70 1 0 29 71 1 0 29 72 1 0 29 73 1 0 30 74 1 0 30 75 1 0 30 76 1 0 31 77 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	JGMLQNJRYQNAPU-HWYOOBIBSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C28H46O3/c1-16(2)17(3)24-25(31-24)18(4)28(30)14-11-23-21-8-7-19-15-20(29)9-12-26(19,5)22(21)10-13-27(23,28)6/h7,16-18,20-25,29-30H,8-15H2,1-6H3/t17?,18-,20+,21-,22+,23+,24?,25?,26+,27+,28+/m1/s1
SMILES	CC(C)C(C)C1C(O1)C(C)C2(CCC3C2(CCC4C3CC=C5C4(CCC(C5)O)C)C)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	430.34	Volume:	473.796 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.908	LogP:	4.8 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	4.157 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-5.16 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	4.0	Rigid Bonds:	23.0
TPSA:	52.99 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	3.0
H-Bond Donor:	2.0	Rings:	5.0
Heavy Atoms:	3.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.442	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.033	Fsp³:	0.929
MCE-18:	89.407 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Accepted	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.258	Fluc inhibitor:	0.0 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.01 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.015 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.248	Promiscuous compounds:	0.014

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.001	MDCK Permeability:	-4.711
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.935
PAMPA:	0.94 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.017
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.125	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.338
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.999

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.755	MRP1:	0.998
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	82.46%	Volume Distribution (VD):	0.182
Fu:	22.66% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.001
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.129	BCRP inhibitor:	0.081
BSEP inhibitor:	0.283

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.133	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.354	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.003
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.047	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.001	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.26
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.989	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.758	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.534
HLM stability:	0.934 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

18.986

Half-life (T1/2):

1.693

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.243	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.569
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.656	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.222
AMES Toxicity:	0.16	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.216
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.762	Skin Sensitization:	0.079
Carcinogencity:	0.296	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.019	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.708
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.292	Ototoxicity:	0.946
Hematotoxicity:	0.11	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.087
Genotoxicity:	0.007	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.074
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.262	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.559
BCF:	2.348 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	4.508 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.702 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	5.214 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO32762	axinella cf. bidderi	Species	Axinellidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	Indian Ocean	n.a.	PMID[12542339]
NPO32762	axinella cf. bidderi	Species	Axinellidae	Eukaryota	n.a.	Indian Ocean	n.a.	PMID[15043442]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
GI50	5

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	3
Non-molecular	2

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT858	Cell line	LNCaP	Homo sapiens	GI50	=	6.42	ug.mL-1	PMID[19596873]
NPT461	Cell line	PANC-1	Homo sapiens	GI50	=	2.74	ug.mL-1	DOI[10.6019/CHEMBL1201861]
NPT114	Cell line	LoVo	Homo sapiens	GI50	=	4.02	ug.mL-1	DOI[10.6019/CHEMBL1201861]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	GI50	=	1.68	ug.mL-1	PMID[15043442]
NPT20529	Non-molecular	NON-PROTEIN TARGET	n.a.	GI50	=	0.6	ug.mL-1	PMID[15043442]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC474189 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	20598
0.1-0.2	26254
0.2-0.3	2773
0.3-0.4	163
0.4-0.5	35
0.5-0.6	26
0.6-0.7	1
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8	Intermediate Similarity	NPC474349
0.6393	Remote Similarity	NPC76879
0.5469	Remote Similarity	NPC154330
0.5397	Remote Similarity	NPC162742
0.5397	Remote Similarity	NPC304309
0.5397	Remote Similarity	NPC470228
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC113733
0.5312	Remote Similarity	NPC221758
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPC241290
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPC164840
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPC484739
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPC209944
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPC264245
0.5303	Remote Similarity	NPC155986
0.5246	Remote Similarity	NPC96319
0.5224	Remote Similarity	NPC328714
0.5217	Remote Similarity	NPC240650
0.5152	Remote Similarity	NPC230301
0.5152	Remote Similarity	NPC198968
0.5152	Remote Similarity	NPC285893
0.5147	Remote Similarity	NPC318495
0.5147	Remote Similarity	NPC33913
0.5077	Remote Similarity	NPC151519
0.5077	Remote Similarity	NPC22105
0.5077	Remote Similarity	NPC34019
0.5077	Remote Similarity	NPC107059
0.5077	Remote Similarity	NPC600590
0.5075	Remote Similarity	NPC51014

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC474189 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6951
0.1-0.2	2009
0.2-0.3	175
0.3-0.4	7
0.4-0.5	3
0.5-0.6	4
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
0.5312	Remote Similarity	NPD4786	Phase 1
0.5246	Remote Similarity	NPD3701	Pre-clinical
0.5152	Remote Similarity	NPD7339	Approved
0.5077	Remote Similarity	NPD3667	Phase 4

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data