NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC488660

Natural Product ID	NPC488660
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	OFTSZQSKGODPHT-FQHURWTGSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	n.a.
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 74 76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -3.8870 4.4901 2.2454 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9979 3.5415 2.2084 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3102 2.2305 1.6662 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3827 1.2670 1.6445 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5851 -0.0769 1.1294 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.6485 -0.3892 -0.0585 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0203 0.6703 -1.0851 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0683 -1.7104 -0.5978 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6562 -2.6213 0.4583 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1070 -2.3963 -1.4955 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3313 -2.1376 -1.2614 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6631 -1.4801 0.0573 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1102 -1.0502 -0.1094 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.4896 0.1058 -0.5834 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3908 1.0532 -0.9757 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3646 1.0337 0.1275 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2311 -0.3398 0.3970 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9650 2.3486 -0.9764 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9932 3.1577 -2.0998 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.4842 2.7047 -3.1470 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5838 4.5040 -2.1208 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8465 5.3628 -1.1048 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0411 4.5075 -1.7104 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9020 -2.2198 0.4320 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2102 -1.8383 0.7082 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1440 -2.6677 0.0977 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1722 -2.3782 1.6241 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8357 -2.5026 1.1325 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7171 -3.8396 0.7456 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0284 -4.7243 1.5551 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4927 -4.3759 2.6456 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1407 -6.1581 1.1828 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9742 -3.3703 -1.3359 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6551 1.9808 1.1262 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.8998 4.4096 1.8962 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6464 5.4855 2.6575 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0101 3.7263 2.5856 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.4227 1.5460 2.0492 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3283 -0.8566 1.9201 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6372 -0.2830 0.9037 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9711 0.2765 -1.5704 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3449 1.5756 -0.5665 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3305 0.7800 -1.9097 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.9732 -1.4729 -1.2676 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.6980 -2.3068 0.7542 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7831 -3.6517 0.0371 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.0757 -2.7120 1.3671 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3713 -3.4965 -1.4554 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3071 -2.1446 -2.5799 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8085 -1.5191 -2.0796 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5235 0.3645 -0.6865 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.0113 0.8651 -1.9824 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8818 1.4356 1.0271 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4210 1.7439 -0.1216 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2971 -0.3616 1.5319 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5320 4.9533 -3.1258 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7913 5.4677 -1.4109 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2814 6.3726 -1.0296 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9205 4.8807 -0.1149 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6707 3.8953 -2.3857 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1863 4.2217 -0.6641 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3923 5.5576 -1.8077 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.9240 -3.0855 -0.2027 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0687 -3.7163 0.4076 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.0498 -2.6409 -1.0221 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.1435 -2.2403 0.3194 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2324 -2.2627 2.0252 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9939 -6.5854 1.7290 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.7787 -6.6935 1.5031 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2644 -6.2572 0.0837 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5511 -3.8757 -2.0758 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.4130 1.7268 1.8735 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.9860 2.9369 0.6130 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.6370 1.2593 0.2529 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 2 0 4 5 1 0 6 5 1 1 6 7 1 0 6 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 8 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 6 13 14 2 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 15 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 2 0 19 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 21 23 1 0 13 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 24 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 2 0 30 32 1 0 11 33 1 0 3 34 1 0 17 6 1 0 17 12 1 0 28 12 1 0 1 35 1 0 1 36 1 0 2 37 1 0 4 38 1 0 5 39 1 0 5 40 1 0 7 41 1 0 7 42 1 0 7 43 1 0 8 44 1 6 9 45 1 0 9 46 1 0 9 47 1 0 10 48 1 0 10 49 1 0 11 50 1 6 14 51 1 0 15 52 1 6 16 53 1 0 16 54 1 0 17 55 1 1 21 56 1 0 22 57 1 0 22 58 1 0 22 59 1 0 23 60 1 0 23 61 1 0 23 62 1 0 24 63 1 6 26 64 1 0 26 65 1 0 26 66 1 0 28 67 1 1 32 68 1 0 32 69 1 0 32 70 1 0 33 71 1 0 34 72 1 0 34 73 1 0 34 74 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	OFTSZQSKGODPHT-FQHURWTGSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C27H40O7/c1-9-16(4)10-11-26(7)17(5)12-22(29)27-20(24(31-8)34-25(27)32-18(6)28)13-19(14-21(26)27)33-23(30)15(2)3/h9-10,13,15,17,19,21-22,24-25,29H,1,11-12,14H2,2-8H3/b16-10+/t17-,19+,21+,22+,24+,25+,26-,27-/m1/s1
SMILES	C=C/C(=C/C[C@]1(C)[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@@]23C(=C[C@@H](C[C@@H]12)OC(=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](OC)O[C@@H]3OC(=O)C)O)/C

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	476.28	Volume:	498.228 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	0.956	LogP:	3.462 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	3.205 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-3.901 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	9.0	Rigid Bonds:	19.0
TPSA:	91.29 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	7.0
H-Bond Donor:	1.0	Rings:	3.0
Heavy Atoms:	7.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.333	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.789	Fsp³:	0.704
MCE-18:	89.304 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Rejected
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Rejected	BMS Rule:	0
Chelating Alert:	0	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.565	Fluc inhibitor:	0.001 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.007 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.001 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.342	Promiscuous compounds:	0.339

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-5.29	MDCK Permeability:	-4.928
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.76	Pgp-substrate:	0.285
PAMPA:	0.101 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.004
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.91	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.953
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	0.999

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.017	MRP1:	0.996
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	68.714%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.099
Fu:	26.479% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	0.897
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	0.311	BCRP inhibitor:	0.484
BSEP inhibitor:	0.996

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.004	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.139
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.162	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.172
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.007	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.03
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.084
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.652	CYP3A4-substrate:	0.929
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.001	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	0.999
HLM stability:	0.944 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

8.926

Half-life (T1/2):

0.979

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.159	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.511
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.691	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.92
AMES Toxicity:	0.922	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.972
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.993	Skin Sensitization:	0.993
Carcinogencity:	0.652	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.011	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.971
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.946	Ototoxicity:	0.79
Hematotoxicity:	0.864	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.957
Genotoxicity:	0.99	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.488
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.857	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.541
BCF:	0.972 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.759 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	5.571 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.949 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO40063	Casearia graveolens	Species	Salicaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[26474353]
NPO40063	Casearia graveolens	Species	Salicaceae	Eukaryota	Leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31916761]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
IC50	2

Activity Type	# Activity
Cell line	2

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT81	Cell line	A549	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[31916761]
NPT65	Cell line	HepG2	Homo sapiens	IC50	>	10000.0	nM	PMID[31916761]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC488660 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	17758
0.1-0.2	28042
0.2-0.3	3912
0.3-0.4	44
0.4-0.5	41
0.5-0.6	18
0.6-0.7	16
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	6
0.85-0.9	8
0.9-0.95	6
0.95-1	1

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
1.0	High Similarity	NPC488657
0.9322	High Similarity	NPC329623
0.931	High Similarity	NPC488656
0.9167	High Similarity	NPC488658
0.9167	High Similarity	NPC488655
0.9138	High Similarity	NPC488659
0.9138	High Similarity	NPC604149
0.8689	High Similarity	NPC134270
0.8689	High Similarity	NPC488654
0.8689	High Similarity	NPC609880
0.8548	High Similarity	NPC330003
0.8548	High Similarity	NPC470321
0.8548	High Similarity	NPC264867
0.8548	High Similarity	NPC473207
0.85	High Similarity	NPC602188
0.8281	Intermediate Similarity	NPC252296
0.8095	Intermediate Similarity	NPC201880
0.8095	Intermediate Similarity	NPC81567
0.8095	Intermediate Similarity	NPC488652
0.8095	Intermediate Similarity	NPC609711
0.8065	Intermediate Similarity	NPC488653
0.7969	Intermediate Similarity	NPC609715
0.7727	Intermediate Similarity	NPC488964
0.7727	Intermediate Similarity	NPC184512
0.7164	Intermediate Similarity	NPC238397
0.68	Remote Similarity	NPC109376
0.6765	Remote Similarity	NPC479491
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC475889
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC7613
0.6667	Remote Similarity	NPC479942
0.6533	Remote Similarity	NPC116292
0.6479	Remote Similarity	NPC471363
0.6471	Remote Similarity	NPC479943
0.6389	Remote Similarity	NPC119550
0.6301	Remote Similarity	NPC127933
0.6286	Remote Similarity	NPC479940
0.6286	Remote Similarity	NPC7644
0.6286	Remote Similarity	NPC316974
0.6286	Remote Similarity	NPC479497
0.6111	Remote Similarity	NPC479941
0.6056	Remote Similarity	NPC311223
0.5758	Remote Similarity	NPC604446
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC600724
0.5694	Remote Similarity	NPC473204
0.5634	Remote Similarity	NPC488235
0.5571	Remote Similarity	NPC606965
0.5507	Remote Similarity	NPC603601
0.55	Remote Similarity	NPC179128
0.5366	Remote Similarity	NPC486751
0.5357	Remote Similarity	NPC224660
0.5227	Remote Similarity	NPC320734
0.5205	Remote Similarity	NPC88507
0.5181	Remote Similarity	NPC316708
0.5132	Remote Similarity	NPC217921
0.5132	Remote Similarity	NPC135015
0.5132	Remote Similarity	NPC218158
0.5122	Remote Similarity	NPC473399
0.5122	Remote Similarity	NPC87630
0.5063	Remote Similarity	NPC40728

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC488660 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6930
0.1-0.2	2193
0.2-0.3	27
0.3-0.4	0
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data