NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC484988

Natural Product ID	NPC484988
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	CNKDNSYFMHWDEJ-BVHRVCAZSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	127039191
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0004603] Organic oxygen compounds [CHEMONTID:0000323] Organooxygen compounds [CHEMONTID:0000011] Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates [CHEMONTID:0002105] Glycosyl compounds [CHEMONTID:0004165] Phenolic glycosides

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 103108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 13.2390 2.8179 -0.5131 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13.5058 1.4709 -0.2378 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.4864 0.5364 -0.2050 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.1711 0.9555 -0.4515 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.1670 0.0158 -0.4164 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.4075 -1.3203 -0.1482 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.7022 -1.7223 0.0930 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.7071 -0.7786 0.0571 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14.0176 -1.1982 0.3035 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.7921 0.4032 -0.6563 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3975 1.6351 -0.9211 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9679 1.9403 -1.1522 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.5957 3.1109 -1.4031 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0157 0.9428 -1.0948 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6473 1.1674 -1.2947 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.0579 2.1303 -0.2615 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.2593 1.4755 1.0830 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7994 2.5028 2.1170 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3749 2.8199 1.8256 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8553 2.2738 0.5156 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.3595 1.0071 0.7538 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0218 0.9281 0.6505 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4967 -0.5107 0.8998 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2103 -1.4418 -0.0420 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4171 -1.5413 -1.3938 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8875 -1.2119 -1.3955 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3760 -1.5459 0.0209 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.7346 -1.5133 0.1321 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.7144 -2.4056 0.4001 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.0157 -1.8600 0.4426 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0791 -2.6799 0.7016 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8158 -4.0450 0.9188 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.1481 -4.6973 1.1995 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.0758 -3.7566 0.4475 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.4757 -3.9694 0.6202 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.2894 -3.1183 0.9980 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.0002 -5.2407 0.3461 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.5102 -2.4758 0.8382 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1603 -1.2867 1.1873 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.9419 -1.4024 2.2169 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1137 0.0138 0.6037 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4881 0.4303 -0.4613 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4888 1.7880 -0.9915 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1684 2.8429 -0.4308 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.1363 4.1287 -0.9753 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.4118 4.3990 -2.1137 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7258 3.3539 -2.6869 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.7641 2.0840 -2.1400 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3630 5.6659 -2.6749 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5551 -4.5758 0.8792 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4926 -3.7404 0.6156 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.1837 -4.2768 0.5707 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8552 -0.5055 0.8055 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6064 -1.8671 -2.3632 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2357 -0.8040 -2.3774 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4267 -2.6780 0.5586 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.7271 2.2571 -0.5166 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2439 4.2261 1.7255 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8942 1.9435 3.3890 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5933 1.1268 1.2953 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.7510 2.9270 -1.5098 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14.1965 3.3918 -0.5394 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.5450 3.2204 0.2253 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.0121 2.0012 -0.6580 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.5965 -2.0443 -0.1265 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.8808 -2.7738 0.3027 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14.5683 -0.7480 1.0242 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.9755 -0.3372 -0.6296 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.0883 2.4475 -0.9774 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.5122 1.5739 -2.3219 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.1017 0.2233 -1.2205 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.6049 3.0985 -0.2389 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5902 0.6095 1.1692 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.4365 3.4127 2.0364 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7504 2.5345 2.6799 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9457 2.8992 0.2587 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4508 1.6054 1.4218 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.4138 1.2244 -0.3182 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.2051 -0.7582 1.9408 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.2411 -1.0047 -0.1998 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3313 -2.6235 -1.7066 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9863 -0.1173 -1.5157 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.8874 -2.4727 0.3656 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.1577 -0.8068 0.2977 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.2225 -5.6895 0.7373 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.3674 -4.7140 2.2761 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.8479 -3.8710 -0.6566 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.9098 -5.5111 0.6965 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.6919 0.8202 1.1166 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.9399 -0.3176 -1.0168 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.7511 2.6667 0.4668 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.6747 4.9462 -0.5233 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.1497 3.5337 -3.5799 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.2161 1.2539 -2.5991 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.0510 6.3553 -2.3332 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3791 -5.6342 1.0505 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.7314 -4.6148 1.4209 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.3189 -2.8300 -2.3723 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.3851 -0.4814 -3.0730 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3523 -3.4300 -0.0776 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0654 4.6806 1.9961 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.9139 0.9515 3.2955 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.5967 0.1788 1.5816 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 2 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 2 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 2 0 8 9 1 0 5 10 1 0 10 11 2 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 2 0 12 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 1 0 23 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 2 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 2 0 32 33 1 0 33 34 1 0 34 35 1 0 35 36 2 0 35 37 1 0 34 38 1 0 38 39 1 0 39 40 2 0 39 41 1 0 41 42 2 0 42 43 1 0 43 44 2 0 44 45 1 0 45 46 2 0 46 47 1 0 47 48 2 0 46 49 1 0 32 50 1 0 50 51 2 0 51 52 1 0 27 53 1 0 26 54 1 0 25 55 1 0 24 56 1 0 20 57 1 0 19 58 1 0 18 59 1 0 17 60 1 0 8 3 1 0 57 16 1 0 53 23 1 0 51 29 1 0 38 31 1 0 48 43 1 0 1 61 1 0 1 62 1 0 1 63 1 0 4 64 1 0 6 65 1 0 7 66 1 0 9 67 1 0 10 68 1 0 11 69 1 0 15 70 1 0 15 71 1 0 16 72 1 1 17 73 1 6 18 74 1 1 19 75 1 1 20 76 1 6 22 77 1 0 22 78 1 0 23 79 1 1 24 80 1 6 25 81 1 6 26 82 1 6 27 83 1 1 30 84 1 0 33 85 1 0 33 86 1 0 34 87 1 6 37 88 1 0 41 89 1 0 42 90 1 0 44 91 1 0 45 92 1 0 47 93 1 0 48 94 1 0 49 95 1 0 50 96 1 0 52 97 1 0 54 98 1 0 55 99 1 0 56100 1 0 58101 1 0 59102 1 0 60103 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	CNKDNSYFMHWDEJ-BVHRVCAZSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C40H43NO19/c1-55-26-12-19(4-9-24(26)43)6-11-31(46)56-16-28-32(47)34(49)36(51)39(59-28)57-17-29-33(48)35(50)37(52)40(60-29)58-27-15-22-20(14-25(27)44)13-23(38(53)54)41(22)30(45)10-5-18-2-7-21(42)8-3-18/h2-12,14-15,23,28-29,32-37,39-40,42-44,47-52H,13,16-17H2,1H3,(H,53,54)/b10-5+,11-6+/t23-,28+,29+,32+,33+,34-,35-,36+,37+,39+,40+/m0/s1
SMILES	COc1cc(ccc1O)/C=C/C(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](Oc3cc4c(C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N4C(=O)/C=C/c4ccc(cc4)O)cc3O)O2)O)O)O)O1)O)O)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	841.24	Volume:	790.158 ? Van der Waals volume.
Dense:	1.065	LogP:	0.132 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:	0.802 ? The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.	LogS:	-2.735 ? The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:	15.0	Rigid Bonds:	39.0
TPSA:	312.13 ? Topological Polar Surface Area.	H-Bond Acceptor:	20.0
H-Bond Donor:	10.0	Rings:	6.0
Heavy Atoms:	20.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.074	GASA:	1.0 ? GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	5.279	Fsp³:	0.375
MCE-18:	144.327 ? MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.	Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected	GSK Rule:	Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted	BMS Rule:	1
Chelating Alert:	1	PAINS Alert:	0
Colloidal aggregators:	0.703	Fluc inhibitor:	0.666 ? The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:	0.271 ? The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1	Green fluorescence:	0.718 ? The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:	0.049	Promiscuous compounds:	0.211

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-6.425	MDCK Permeability:	-5.336
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.0	Pgp-substrate:	0.018
PAMPA:	1.0 ? The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).	Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.957
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.999	30% Bioavailability (F30%):	1.0
50% Bioavailability (F50%):	1.0

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.0	MRP1:	0.001
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	78.37%	Volume Distribution (VD):	-0.286
Fu:	19.04% ? The fraction unbound in plasms.	OATP1B1 inhibitor:	1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:	1.0	BCRP inhibitor:	0.0
BSEP inhibitor:	0.042

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP1A2-substrate:	0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C19-substrate:	0.008
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2C9-substrate:	0.672
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP2D6-substrate:	0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.0	CYP3A4-substrate:	1.0
CYP2B6-substrate:	0.0	CYP2C8-inhibitor:	1.0
HLM stability:	0.349 ? Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):

0.54

Half-life (T1/2):

4.201

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.027	hERG Blockers (10um):	0.037
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.804	Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.995
AMES Toxicity:	0.572	Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.003
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.162	Skin Sensitization:	0.999
Carcinogencity:	0.006	Eye Corrosion:	0.0
Eye Irritation:	0.009	Respiratory Toxicity:	0.008
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:	0.009	Ototoxicity:	0.98
Hematotoxicity:	0.083	Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:	0.997
Genotoxicity:	0.997	RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:	0.324
A549 Cytotoxicity:	0.116	Hek293 Cytotoxicity:	0.201
BCF:	0.484 ? Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	IGC50:	3.311 ? 48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:	4.793 ? 48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].	LC50FM:	4.248 ? 96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/j.carres.2012.01.012]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[26562741]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[29517238]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31625751]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	Along the Valencian coast, Spain	2020-Jun&Jul	PMID[35161358]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	Herb	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	Plant	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	Seed	n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota		n.a.	n.a.	Database[FooDB]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO4640	Portulaca oleracea	Species	Portulacaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TM-MC]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Activity Type	# Activity
EC50	1

Activity Type	# Activity
Others	1

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference
NPT35	Others	n.a.	n.a.	EC50	=	35410.0	nM	PMID[26562741]

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC484988 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	13013
0.1-0.2	32398
0.2-0.3	3595
0.3-0.4	700
0.4-0.5	119
0.5-0.6	22
0.6-0.7	2
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	2
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8247	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484980
0.8144	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484979
0.783	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484981
0.7453	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484982
0.7257	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484987
0.7255	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484985
0.7238	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484986
0.7182	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484984
0.7091	Intermediate Similarity	NPC484983
0.61	Remote Similarity	NPC476869
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC26928
0.596	Remote Similarity	NPC291296
0.581	Remote Similarity	NPC488081
0.5769	Remote Similarity	NPC476865
0.5728	Remote Similarity	NPC488082
0.5714	Remote Similarity	NPC479767
0.5648	Remote Similarity	NPC125823
0.5648	Remote Similarity	NPC7145
0.5648	Remote Similarity	NPC143480
0.5607	Remote Similarity	NPC300262
0.5577	Remote Similarity	NPC476868
0.5495	Remote Similarity	NPC201148
0.5481	Remote Similarity	NPC476866
0.5345	Remote Similarity	NPC479771
0.5288	Remote Similarity	NPC471405
0.5273	Remote Similarity	NPC133984
0.5192	Remote Similarity	NPC10205
0.5189	Remote Similarity	NPC226005
0.5179	Remote Similarity	NPC3460
0.5138	Remote Similarity	NPC83743
0.5094	Remote Similarity	NPC204937
0.505	Remote Similarity	NPC291153
0.5042	Remote Similarity	NPC470416

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC484988 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	3393
0.1-0.2	5656
0.2-0.3	95
0.3-0.4	5
0.4-0.5	1
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data