NPASS Compound

Natural Product: NPC478998

Natural Product ID	NPC478998
Common Name ? The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.	VDHXFGANCMGBFE-NHYVETCYSA-N
IUPAC Name	n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier	n.a.
PubChem CID	10393702
Chemical Classification	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0003909] Fatty Acyls [CHEMONTID:0001334] Fatty alcohols [CHEMONTID:0002518] Annonaceous acetogenins

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

Chemical Representations

RDKit 3D 104105 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 -12.4735 2.7530 2.4122 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.2962 2.8378 1.4810 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.5111 1.8400 0.3392 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3430 1.9255 -0.5859 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3982 1.0116 -1.7617 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.4653 -0.4422 -1.4445 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.3021 -0.9250 -0.6393 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0217 -0.6468 -1.4086 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.8944 -1.1849 -0.5137 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5749 -0.9144 -1.1619 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4011 -1.4439 -0.3229 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3944 -0.8347 1.0329 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3160 -1.2532 1.9567 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9062 -0.9744 1.5044 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.3102 -1.9449 0.5703 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5259 -1.0387 -0.3924 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5127 0.2573 0.3134 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4760 0.4766 1.3958 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.8542 0.9095 0.9843 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.6624 -0.0019 0.1320 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.0092 -1.3251 0.7535 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.7866 -1.2138 1.9996 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.1247 -1.4521 3.0291 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1699 -0.8769 2.1931 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.9990 -0.2702 1.1673 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.3002 -0.8584 -0.1166 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9920 -2.1533 -0.2115 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3348 -2.3053 0.3698 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.4226 -1.4254 -0.1625 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.6478 -1.5897 -1.6260 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.7349 -0.7906 -2.1994 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.6372 0.6723 -2.1735 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.7087 1.5014 -1.7518 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.0729 2.9296 -1.9390 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.0559 3.5868 -0.5717 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.1556 3.5588 -2.7931 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.3500 2.8651 -2.5115 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.7271 1.5627 -2.6791 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.8061 1.1263 -3.1730 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0023 1.6818 2.0767 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7943 0.2596 0.9368 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.3938 -2.5292 2.4610 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.2608 3.2913 3.3714 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.7422 1.7249 2.6492 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -13.3935 3.2204 1.9488 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3836 2.6036 2.0473 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.2239 3.8504 1.0168 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -12.4425 2.1715 -0.1947 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.6594 0.8603 0.7949 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.3936 1.8406 -0.0091 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.3303 2.9745 -0.9983 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.2972 1.3030 -2.3596 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.4692 1.1915 -2.3708 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10.4354 -0.9886 -2.4161 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -11.4382 -0.7063 -0.9714 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.4230 -2.0161 -0.5033 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -9.2428 -0.4477 0.3712 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -8.0573 -1.1761 -2.3777 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.8094 0.4352 -1.4992 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0760 -2.2759 -0.3955 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -7.0373 -0.6765 0.4522 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3981 0.1539 -1.3406 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.5357 -1.4497 -2.1202 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4978 -1.0435 -0.8750 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.3571 -2.5244 -0.3711 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5.3895 -1.0995 1.5108 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4644 0.2944 0.9610 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4234 -0.5821 2.8954 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.2963 -1.0410 2.4678 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.6019 -2.6270 1.1041 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.9856 -2.5879 -0.0032 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.4017 -1.5539 -0.5868 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.1546 -0.9298 -1.3232 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.5177 1.1441 -0.3607 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5145 -0.2710 2.1943 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7730 1.9123 0.4740 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3760 1.1695 1.9462 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.6139 0.5421 -0.1910 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.1388 -0.1188 -0.8432 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.5126 -1.9530 -0.0078 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.0449 -1.9037 0.9461 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.7701 -1.7439 2.6622 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.1920 -0.1769 3.1078 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0064 -0.0288 1.6689 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.6301 0.7925 0.9954 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4124 -0.8944 -0.7800 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9708 -0.1182 -0.6730 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.1041 -2.3756 -1.3221 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.3698 -3.0286 0.1294 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6659 -3.3606 0.1187 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.3648 -2.2952 1.4827 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.3733 -1.8151 0.3467 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.3709 -0.3902 0.1231 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.8046 -2.6736 -1.8247 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.6640 -1.3751 -2.1624 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.8369 -1.0906 -3.2833 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11.7027 -1.1550 -1.7541 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.7538 1.2329 -1.3197 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.4087 4.6405 -0.6236 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.6317 2.9507 0.1176 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.9851 3.5695 -0.2417 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.8020 4.3816 -2.4044 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.9706 1.5498 2.1910 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.6827 -2.6670 3.1331 H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 0 3 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 5 6 1 0 6 7 1 0 7 8 1 0 8 9 1 0 9 10 1 0 10 11 1 0 11 12 1 0 12 13 1 0 13 14 1 0 14 15 1 0 15 16 1 0 16 17 1 0 17 18 1 0 18 19 1 0 19 20 1 0 20 21 1 0 21 22 1 0 22 23 2 0 22 24 1 0 24 25 1 0 25 26 1 0 26 27 1 0 27 28 1 0 28 29 1 0 29 30 1 0 30 31 1 0 31 32 1 0 32 33 2 0 33 34 1 0 34 35 1 0 34 36 1 0 34 37 1 0 37 38 1 0 38 39 2 0 18 40 1 0 17 41 1 0 13 42 1 0 41 14 1 0 38 32 1 0 1 43 1 0 1 44 1 0 1 45 1 0 2 46 1 0 2 47 1 0 3 48 1 0 3 49 1 0 4 50 1 0 4 51 1 0 5 52 1 0 5 53 1 0 6 54 1 0 6 55 1 0 7 56 1 0 7 57 1 0 8 58 1 0 8 59 1 0 9 60 1 0 9 61 1 0 10 62 1 0 10 63 1 0 11 64 1 0 11 65 1 0 12 66 1 0 12 67 1 0 13 68 1 1 14 69 1 1 15 70 1 0 15 71 1 0 16 72 1 0 16 73 1 0 17 74 1 6 18 75 1 1 19 76 1 0 19 77 1 0 20 78 1 0 20 79 1 0 21 80 1 0 21 81 1 0 24 82 1 0 24 83 1 0 25 84 1 0 25 85 1 0 26 86 1 0 26 87 1 0 27 88 1 0 27 89 1 0 28 90 1 0 28 91 1 0 29 92 1 0 29 93 1 0 30 94 1 0 30 95 1 0 31 96 1 0 31 97 1 0 33 98 1 0 35 99 1 0 35100 1 0 35101 1 0 36102 1 0 40103 1 0 42104 1 0 M END

Standard InCHIKey	VDHXFGANCMGBFE-NHYVETCYSA-N
Standard InCHI	InChI=1S/C35H62O7/c1-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-15-18-23-30(37)32-25-26-33(41-32)31(38)24-19-22-29(36)21-17-14-12-11-13-16-20-28-27-35(2,40)42-34(28)39/h27,30-33,37-38,40H,3-26H2,1-2H3/t30-,31-,32-,33-,35?/m1/s1
SMILES	CCCCCCCCCCCC[C@H]([C@H]1CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCCC(=O)CCCCCCCCC2=CC(C)(O)OC2=O)O)O1)O

Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

MedChem Properties

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

ADMET: Distribution

ADMET: Metabolism

ADMET: Excretion

ADMET: Toxicity

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO26361	Annona cherimolia	Species	Annonaceae	Eukaryota	Seeds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[11325235]
NPO26361	Annona cherimolia	Species	Annonaceae	Eukaryota	Seeds	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[14575439]
NPO26361	Annona cherimolia	Species	Annonaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[COCONUT]
NPO26361	Annona cherimolia	Species	Annonaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO26361	Annona cherimolia	Species	Annonaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO26361	Annona cherimolia	Species	Annonaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	Organism Name	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

Experimental ADME

Experiment Model	Experiment Tissue	ADME Type	ADME Relation	ADME Value	ADME Unit	Reference

Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model	Experiment Organism	Toxicity Type	Toxicity Relation	Toxicity Value	Toxicity Unit	Reference
-	Artemia	LC50	=	0.375	ug.mL-1	PMID[14575439]

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity	Carcinogenicity	Mutagenicity	Cardiotoxicity	Respiratory Toxicity	Eye Irritation	Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]

Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC478998 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	16360
0.1-0.2	30876
0.2-0.3	2330
0.3-0.4	104
0.4-0.5	109
0.5-0.6	40
0.6-0.7	27
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	1
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID
0.8039	Intermediate Similarity	NPC11456
0.7255	Intermediate Similarity	NPC144415
0.7255	Intermediate Similarity	NPC608157
0.6545	Remote Similarity	NPC605396
0.625	Remote Similarity	NPC477010
0.6167	Remote Similarity	NPC477015
0.614	Remote Similarity	NPC477012
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC73310
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC473529
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC180363
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC94875
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC11332
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC145914
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC601174
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC601403
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC603568
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC604330
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC608300
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC611200
0.6078	Remote Similarity	NPC611571
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC473687
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC204686
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC219498
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC473904
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC308412
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC134885
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC488247
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC210218
0.6071	Remote Similarity	NPC488248
0.6	Remote Similarity	NPC280612
0.5965	Remote Similarity	NPC134807
0.5862	Remote Similarity	NPC139418
0.5741	Remote Similarity	NPC329829
0.5741	Remote Similarity	NPC475159
0.5741	Remote Similarity	NPC131002
0.5741	Remote Similarity	NPC473780
0.5741	Remote Similarity	NPC604521
0.5536	Remote Similarity	NPC156804
0.549	Remote Similarity	NPC485062
0.549	Remote Similarity	NPC485063
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC25764
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC235809
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC39279
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC39167
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC292809
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC202055
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC606804
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC607425
0.5455	Remote Similarity	NPC608574
0.5439	Remote Similarity	NPC163093
0.5439	Remote Similarity	NPC607439
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC477017
0.5385	Remote Similarity	NPC477016
0.5345	Remote Similarity	NPC241360
0.5345	Remote Similarity	NPC293136
0.5179	Remote Similarity	NPC100921
0.5179	Remote Similarity	NPC477018
0.5172	Remote Similarity	NPC473156
0.5172	Remote Similarity	NPC282815
0.5172	Remote Similarity	NPC600956
0.5167	Remote Similarity	NPC329838
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC473671
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC219652
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC475268
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC473840
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC470400
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC77871
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC9678
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC319036
0.5085	Remote Similarity	NPC605867

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC478998 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	6362
0.1-0.2	2718
0.2-0.3	68
0.3-0.4	2
0.4-0.5	0
0.5-0.6	0
0.6-0.7	0
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage
		NPD

Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data