Natural Product: NPC273070

Natural Product IDNPC273070
Common Name
?
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
 CRVXJSNSTGEXDX-HHMSBIESSA-N
IUPAC Name n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier n.a.
PubChem CID 5280847
Chemical Classification
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0004603] Organic oxygen compounds
      • [CHEMONTID:0000323] Organooxygen compounds
        • [CHEMONTID:0000011] Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
          • [CHEMONTID:0002105] Glycosyl compounds
            • [CHEMONTID:0004165] Phenolic glycosides

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

  Chemical Representations

Standard InCHIKey CRVXJSNSTGEXDX-HHMSBIESSA-N
Standard InCHI InChI=1S/C15H20O7/c16-7-1-2-9-3-5-10(6-4-9)21-15-14(20)13(19)12(18)11(8-17)22-15/h1-6,11-20H,7-8H2/b2-1+/t11-,12-,13+,14-,15-/m1/s1
SMILES C(=Cc1ccc(cc1)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O)/CO

  Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:   312.12 Volume:   301.869
?
Van der Waals volume.
Dense:   1.034 LogP:   0.11
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:   0.723
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
 LogS:   -1.84
?
The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:   5.0 Rigid Bonds:   13.0
TPSA:   119.61
?
Topological Polar Surface Area.
 H-Bond Acceptor:   7.0
H-Bond Donor:   5.0 Rings:   2.0
Heavy Atoms:   7.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:   0.467 GASA:   0.0
?
GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:   3.578 Fsp3:   0.467
MCE-18:   44.909
?
MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
 Lipinski Rule-of-5:   Rejected
Pfizer Rule:   Rejected GSK Rule:   Rejected
Golden Triangle Rule:   Rejected BMS Rule:   0
Chelating Alert:   0 PAINS Alert:   0
Colloidal aggregators:   0.475 Fluc inhibitor:   0.507
?
The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:   0.063
?
The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
 Green fluorescence:   0.024
?
The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:   0.457 Promiscuous compounds:   0.184

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:   -5.787 MDCK Permeability:   -5.006
Pgp-inhibitor:   0.006 Pgp-substrate:   0.014
PAMPA:   0.949
?
The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
 Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   0.845
20% Bioavailability (F20%):   0.914 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   0.999
50% Bioavailability (F50%):   0.974

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   0.013 MRP1:   0.0
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   61.417% Volume Distribution (VD):   -0.448
Fu: 41.315%
?
The fraction unbound in plasms.
 OATP1B1 inhibitor:   1.0
OATP1B3 inhibitor:   1.0 BCRP inhibitor:   0.253
BSEP inhibitor:   0.485

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP1A2-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C19-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C9-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2C9-substrate:   0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:   0.003 CYP2D6-substrate:   0.0
CYP3A4-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP3A4-substrate:   0.0
CYP2B6-substrate:   0.0 CYP2C8-inhibitor:   0.65
HLM stability:   0.003
?
Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  2.924 Half-life (T1/2):  2.783

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.038 hERG Blockers (10um):  0.079
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.845 Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.782
AMES Toxicity:  0.912 Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.007
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.024 Skin Sensitization:  0.994
Carcinogencity:  0.244 Eye Corrosion:  0.0
Eye Irritation:  0.656 Respiratory Toxicity:  0.024
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:  0.027 Ototoxicity:  0.889
Hematotoxicity:  0.265 Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:  0.566
Genotoxicity:  0.339 RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:  0.065
A549 Cytotoxicity:  0.101 Hek293 Cytotoxicity:  0.099
BCF:   0.332
?
Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
 IGC50:   2.819
?
48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:   4.431
?
48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
 LC50FM:   3.419
?
96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO6987 Tolypothrix byssoidea Species Tolypothrichaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[11429991]
NPO23838 Kitasatospora kifunensis Species Streptomycetaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[17191679]
NPO2421 Picea glauca Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[18636777]
NPO691 Tarchonanthus camphoratus Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[29244495]
NPO284 Albizia procera Species Fabaceae Eukaryota Bark n.a. n.a. PMID[30520635]
NPO1539 Artemisia giraldii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[36364129]
NPO1539 Artemisia giraldii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO19432 Millettia pinnata Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO8231 Jaspis digonoxea Species Ancorinidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3963 Hortonia floribunda Species Monimiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO691 Tarchonanthus camphoratus Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO4421 Penicillium cyclopium Species Aspergillaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3255 Lampranthus sociorum Species Aizoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO11437 Alluaudia ascendens Species Didiereaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO5981 Achlys triphylla Species Berberidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO7770 Lactuca laciniata Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO5588 Bursera tonkinensis Species Burseraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6987 Tolypothrix byssoidea Species Tolypothrichaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3415 Perymenium mendezii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO2421 Picea glauca Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO284 Albizia procera Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO228 Physostigma venenosum Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO5588 Bursera tonkinensis Species Burseraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO7155 Cypripedium calceolus Species Orchidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO5788 Millingtonia hortensis Species Bignoniaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO7770 Lactuca laciniata Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO99 Artemisia porrecta Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO99 Artemisia porrecta Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO19432 Millettia pinnata Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO5788 Millingtonia hortensis Species Bignoniaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO7770 Lactuca laciniata Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO5588 Bursera tonkinensis Species Burseraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO7155 Cypripedium calceolus Species Orchidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO228 Physostigma venenosum Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO7155 Cypripedium calceolus Species Orchidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO5788 Millingtonia hortensis Species Bignoniaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO228 Physostigma venenosum Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO11437 Alluaudia ascendens Species Didiereaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6987 Tolypothrix byssoidea Species Tolypothrichaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO5445 Euonymus nanus Species Celastraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO19432 Millettia pinnata Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2421 Picea glauca Species Pinaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7155 Cypripedium calceolus Species Orchidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7464 Uruparia lanosa n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO691 Tarchonanthus camphoratus Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO99 Artemisia porrecta Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3263 Thea sasanqua n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO8231 Jaspis digonoxea Species Ancorinidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7616 Melanargia galathea Species Nymphalidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6844 Bulbophyllum protractum Species Orchidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3415 Perymenium mendezii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO4952 Pertusaria amara Species Pertusariaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO4214 Centaurea collina Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO284 Albizia procera Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3963 Hortonia floribunda Species Monimiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO5981 Achlys triphylla Species Berberidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO4421 Penicillium cyclopium Species Aspergillaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1539 Artemisia giraldii Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO10826 Rabdosia weisiensis Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7770 Lactuca laciniata Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO855 Elymnias thryallis Species Nymphalidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO23838 Kitasatospora kifunensis Species Streptomycetaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6710 Sinapis nigra Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO29287 Alectoria ochroleuca Species Parmeliaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO15597 Calystegia pubescens Species Convolvulaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO228 Physostigma venenosum Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO4117 Nauclea rhynchophylla Species Rubiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO5588 Bursera tonkinensis Species Burseraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO8719 Fusarium vasinfectum Species Nectriaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2963 Diospyros glaucifolia Species Ebenaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11189 Anabaena sphaerica Species Nostocaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO4489 Achillea serbica Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO10196 Echinocereus blanckii Species Cactaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3255 Lampranthus sociorum Species Aizoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO5788 Millingtonia hortensis Species Bignoniaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID Organism Name Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



 Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference





 Experimental ADME

Experiment Model Experiment Tissue ADME Type ADME Relation ADME Value ADME Unit Reference





 Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model Experiment Organism Toxicity Type Toxicity Relation Toxicity Value Toxicity Unit Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption
Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
☉ TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]


  Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC273070 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.8478 Intermediate Similarity NPC200092
0.7647 Intermediate Similarity NPC604356
0.7358 Intermediate Similarity NPC248355
0.7021 Intermediate Similarity NPC212729
0.7021 Intermediate Similarity NPC604498
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPC251102
0.6981 Remote Similarity NPC210298
0.6875 Remote Similarity NPC269242
0.68 Remote Similarity NPC60589
0.68 Remote Similarity NPC469708
0.6792 Remote Similarity NPC49074
0.6735 Remote Similarity NPC294470
0.6545 Remote Similarity NPC26080
0.6545 Remote Similarity NPC165686
0.6471 Remote Similarity NPC609376
0.6393 Remote Similarity NPC259767
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPC479028
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPC479031
0.625 Remote Similarity NPC481303
0.6226 Remote Similarity NPC80098
0.6034 Remote Similarity NPC55040
0.6034 Remote Similarity NPC104167
0.6 Remote Similarity NPC142319
0.5938 Remote Similarity NPC186406
0.5932 Remote Similarity NPC302378
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPC295970
0.5873 Remote Similarity NPC57587
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPC100389
0.5833 Remote Similarity NPC228907
0.5738 Remote Similarity NPC294166
0.5738 Remote Similarity NPC115022
0.569 Remote Similarity NPC210478
0.5645 Remote Similarity NPC37468
0.5645 Remote Similarity NPC186418
0.5645 Remote Similarity NPC202700
0.5614 Remote Similarity NPC218685
0.5593 Remote Similarity NPC479029
0.5556 Remote Similarity NPC604439
0.5538 Remote Similarity NPC606353
0.5522 Remote Similarity NPC488085
0.5517 Remote Similarity NPC162093
0.5472 Remote Similarity NPC153149
0.5472 Remote Similarity NPC192810
0.5469 Remote Similarity NPC248119
0.5455 Remote Similarity NPC226712
0.5455 Remote Similarity NPC608788
0.5439 Remote Similarity NPC9912
0.5424 Remote Similarity NPC214910
0.541 Remote Similarity NPC59324
0.5397 Remote Similarity NPC479030
0.5397 Remote Similarity NPC8497
0.5397 Remote Similarity NPC185778
0.5385 Remote Similarity NPC264381
0.5385 Remote Similarity NPC276195
0.5373 Remote Similarity NPC185103
0.537 Remote Similarity NPC25817
0.5352 Remote Similarity NPC93924
0.5323 Remote Similarity NPC146540
0.5312 Remote Similarity NPC164857
0.5312 Remote Similarity NPC474044
0.5303 Remote Similarity NPC471029
0.5303 Remote Similarity NPC601944
0.5283 Remote Similarity NPC217854
0.5278 Remote Similarity NPC43508
0.5278 Remote Similarity NPC476867
0.5263 Remote Similarity NPC214454
0.5263 Remote Similarity NPC166040
0.5254 Remote Similarity NPC270849
0.5254 Remote Similarity NPC19470
0.5238 Remote Similarity NPC242028
0.5238 Remote Similarity NPC203230
0.5231 Remote Similarity NPC98777
0.5231 Remote Similarity NPC175275
0.5217 Remote Similarity NPC4718
0.5179 Remote Similarity NPC12308
0.5172 Remote Similarity NPC310661
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC85799
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC303422
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC218003
0.5161 Remote Similarity NPC232673
0.5156 Remote Similarity NPC604095
0.5147 Remote Similarity NPC88484
0.5132 Remote Similarity NPC26928
0.5091 Remote Similarity NPC9248
0.5088 Remote Similarity NPC221090
0.5079 Remote Similarity NPC470236

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC273070 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.5455 Remote Similarity NPD1091 Pre-clinical

Bioactivity similarity

  Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data