NPASS Compound

Structure

NPC263414 OpenBabel06302215082D 32 36 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0999 V2000 4.3301 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4641 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4641 -3.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.3301 -3.5000 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5981 -3.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7321 -3.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7321 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5981 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.4641 -1.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.5981 -0.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.7321 0.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8660 -0.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8660 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8660 -2.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 -2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8660 -1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8660 -0.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7321 -1.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7321 -0.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5981 -0.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4641 -0.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.4641 -0.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.9641 -0.8660 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -3.4641 1.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5981 1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7321 1.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.8660 1.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.0000 1.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8660 0.5000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1.7321 2.0000 0.0000 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2.5981 2.5000 0.0000 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 2 8 1 0 0 0 0 3 4 2 0 0 0 0 3 5 1 0 0 0 0 5 6 1 0 0 0 0 7 6 1 1 0 0 0 7 8 1 0 0 0 0 7 13 1 0 0 0 0 8 9 1 1 0 0 0 8 10 1 0 0 0 0 10 11 1 0 0 0 0 12 11 1 1 0 0 0 12 13 1 0 0 0 0 12 29 1 0 0 0 0 13 14 1 1 0 0 0 13 15 1 0 0 0 0 15 16 1 0 0 0 0 16 17 1 0 0 0 0 17 29 1 0 0 0 0 17 18 1 6 0 0 0 17 19 1 0 0 0 0 19 20 1 6 0 0 0 19 26 1 0 0 0 0 20 21 1 0 0 0 0 21 22 1 0 0 0 0 21 23 1 0 0 0 0 21 24 1 0 0 0 0 24 25 1 0 0 0 0 25 26 1 0 0 0 0 26 27 1 0 0 0 0 26 31 1 1 0 0 0 27 28 1 0 0 0 0 28 29 1 0 0 0 0 29 30 1 1 0 0 0 31 32 2 0 0 0 0 M END $$$$

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:	440.37
Volume:	496.961
LogP:	6.473
LogD:	4.727
LogS:	-5.764
# Rotatable Bonds:	1
TPSA:	34.14
# H-Bond Aceptor:	2
# H-Bond Donor:	0
# Rings:	5
# Heavy Atoms:	2

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:	0.393
Synthetic Accessibility Score:	4.98
Fsp3:	0.933
Lipinski Rule-of-5:	Accepted
Pfizer Rule:	Rejected
GSK Rule:	Rejected
BMS Rule:	1
Golden Triangle Rule:	Accepted
Chelating Alert:	0
PAINS Alert:	0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:	-4.983
MDCK Permeability:	1.0636733350111172e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:	0.905
Pgp-substrate:	0.0
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):	0.108
20% Bioavailability (F20%):	0.969
30% Bioavailability (F30%):	0.998

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):	0.881
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):	78.95462036132812%
Volume Distribution (VD):	1.281
Pgp-substrate:	6.7504143714904785%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:	0.011
CYP1A2-substrate:	0.459
CYP2C19-inhibitor:	0.024
CYP2C19-substrate:	0.84
CYP2C9-inhibitor:	0.105
CYP2C9-substrate:	0.041
CYP2D6-inhibitor:	0.531
CYP2D6-substrate:	0.072
CYP3A4-inhibitor:	0.956
CYP3A4-substrate:	0.784

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):	19.482
Half-life (T1/2):	0.076

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:	0.707
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):	0.468
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):	0.215
AMES Toxicity:	0.012
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:	0.908
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:	0.824
Skin Sensitization:	0.944
Carcinogencity:	0.663
Eye Corrosion:	0.334
Eye Irritation:	0.032
Respiratory Toxicity:	0.98

Download Data

Data Type	Select
General Info & Identifiers & Properties
Structure MOL file
Source Organisms
Biological Activities
Similar NPs/Drugs

Natural Product: NPC263414

Natural Product ID:	NPC263414
*Common Name:**	ONRNCDHSZVITNY-TWWFCBCGSA-N
IUPAC Name:	n.a.
Synonyms:
Standard InCHIKey:	ONRNCDHSZVITNY-TWWFCBCGSA-N
Standard InCHI:	InChI=1S/C30H48O2/c1-20-21(32)8-9-22-26(20,4)11-10-23-27(22,5)13-14-29(7)24-18-25(2,3)12-16-30(24,19-31)17-15-28(23,29)6/h19-20,22-24H,8-18H2,1-7H3/t20-,22+,23-,24-,26+,27-,28+,29-,30+/m0/s1
SMILES:	C[C@H]1C(=O)CC[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)CC[C@H]1[C@@]2(C)CC[C@@]2(C)[C@@H]3CC(C)(C)CC[C@@]3(CC[C@]12C)C=O
Synthetic Gene Cluster:	n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:	n.a.
PubChem CID:	12302400
Chemical Classification:**	CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds] [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules [CHEMONTID:0000259] Prenol lipids [CHEMONTID:0001553] Triterpenoids

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

Species Source

Organism ID	Organism Name	Taxonomy Level	Family	SuperKingdom	Isolation Part	Collection Location	Collection Time	Reference
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/0031-9422(90)85349-K]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	DOI[10.1016/S0040-4039(99)00339-1]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	DOI[10.1186/1471-2202-6-1]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[10579865]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[10716597]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[10746886]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[10757718]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[10757718]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[10757718]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	root bark	Kunming, Yunnan, China	n.a.	PMID[10757718]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[11374948]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[11561442]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[12579877]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[1375626]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[1375626]
NPO2804	Calophyllum inophyllum	Species	Calophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[15678383]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[1602302]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[1602302]
NPO2804	Calophyllum inophyllum	Species	Calophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16045947]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[16864458]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	roots	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[16989518]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[17250858]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[17265278]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[1823717]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	PMID[1823717]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[18554602]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	bark	n.a.	PMID[18996177]
NPO2804	Calophyllum inophyllum	Species	Calophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	stem	n.a.	PMID[20188156]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[21486005]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	root	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21486005]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[21514608]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	dried roots	purchased from Sichuan Neautus Traditional Chinese Medicine Co. Ltd. (Chengdu, P.R. China)	n.a.	PMID[22148431]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[22256754]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[22256754]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[23252270]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23268606]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[23852638]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24549173]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[24963543]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[25237706]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[2534610]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	bark	n.a.	PMID[2534610]
NPO2330	Alchornea cordifolia	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	stem	n.a.	PMID[26724423]
NPO2330	Alchornea cordifolia	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[26724423]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	PMID[2816380]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	Leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[29355322]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	Leaves	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[31556299]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Europe PMC[535601]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[7102323]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[7304185]
NPO2804	Calophyllum inophyllum	Species	Calophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	Malaysian	n.a.	PMID[7506311]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8328267]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8699928]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[8722541]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	Database[Article]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	root	n.a.	Database[Article]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[Article]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[Article]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	leaf	n.a.	Database[Article]
NPO18933	Phlegmariurus fordii	Species	Lycopodiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO2804	Calophyllum inophyllum	Species	Calophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[HerDing]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	PMID[Phytochemistry, 2000, 53, 715-722.]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO18933	Phlegmariurus fordii	Species	Lycopodiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO2804	Calophyllum inophyllum	Species	Calophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCMID]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[Title]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	root bark	Kunming, Yunnan, China	n.a.	Database[Title]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	root bark	n.a.	n.a.	Database[Title]
NPO23252	Leptosyne bigelovii	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO18933	Phlegmariurus fordii	Species	Lycopodiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2804	Calophyllum inophyllum	Species	Calophyllaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO1152	Tripterygium hypoglaucum	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO4361	Podostictina degelii	Species	Lobariaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO24626	Stevia origanoides	Species	Asteraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO13661	Tripterygium wilfordii	Species	Celastraceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2330	Alchornea cordifolia	Species	Euphorbiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO3753	Trichilia claussenii	Species	Meliaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO2333	Micranthemum umbrosum	Species	Plantaginaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO19309	Ormosia flava	Species	Fabaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]
NPO22433	Sideritis romana	Species	Lamiaceae	Eukaryota	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
☉ UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
☉ StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
☉ TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
☉ TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
☉ TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
☉ TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
☉ HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
☉ MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID	NP ID	Organism Material Preparation	Organism Part	NP Quantity (Standard)	NP Quantity (Minimum)	NP Quantity (Maximum)	Quantity Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
☉ DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
☉ PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
☉ FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

Biological Activity

Target ID	Target Type	Target Name	Target Organism	Activity Type	Activity Relation	Value	Unit	Reference

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC263414 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
● The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	613
0.1-0.2	8904
0.2-0.3	17999
0.3-0.4	7278
0.4-0.5	5220
0.5-0.6	2238
0.6-0.7	383
0.7-0.8	50
0.8-0.85	9
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	3
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Natural Product ID

Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

● The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC263414 and all drugs/candidates.
● The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

range	Tanimoto Coefficient
0-0.1	646
0.1-0.2	5260
0.2-0.3	2467
0.3-0.4	447
0.4-0.5	243
0.5-0.6	65
0.6-0.7	22
0.7-0.8	0
0.8-0.85	0
0.85-0.9	0
0.9-0.95	0
0.95-1	0

Similarity Score	Similarity Level	Drug ID	Developmental Stage

Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
☉ A: chemistry similarity;
☉ B: biological targets similarity;
☉ C: networks similarity;
☉ D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
☉ E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity

B: biological targets similarity

C: networks similarity

D: cell-based bioactivity similarity

E: similarity based on clinical data