Natural Product: NPC216236

Natural Product IDNPC216236
Common Name
?
The InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
CMISJAQHJNVINO-SEEOILKFSA-N
IUPAC Name n.a.
Synonyms
Synthetic Gene Cluster n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier n.a.
PubChem CID 46872930
Chemical Classification
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000012] Lipids and lipid-like molecules
      • [CHEMONTID:0000258] Steroids and steroid derivatives
        • [CHEMONTID:0001125] Steroid lactones
          • [CHEMONTID:0001555] Cardenolides and derivatives
            • [CHEMONTID:0001559] Cardenolide glycosides and derivatives

The Chemical Classification was calculated by Classyfire, a software for chemical taxonomy calculation. Reference: DOI:10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y.

  Chemical Representations

Standard InCHIKey CMISJAQHJNVINO-SEEOILKFSA-N
Standard InCHI InChI=1S/C30H44O8/c1-16-26(32)21(34-4)14-25(36-16)37-19-5-8-27(2)18(12-19)13-23-30(38-23)22(27)7-9-28(3)20(6-10-29(28,30)33)17-11-24(31)35-15-17/h11,16,18-23,25-26,32-33H,5-10,12-15H2,1-4H3/t16-,18+,19+,20-,21-,22-,23+,25+,26+,27+,28-,29-,30-/m1/s1
SMILES C[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](C[C@@H](O1)O[C@H]1CC[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](C1)C[C@H]1[C@@]3([C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@H](CC[C@]32O)C2=CC(=O)OC2)O1)OC)O

  Calculated Properties

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:   532.3 Volume:   532.59
?
Van der Waals volume.
Dense:   0.999 LogP:   2.407
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficients.
logD7.4:   2.795
?
The logarithm of the n-octanol/water distribution coefficient at pH=7.4.
LogS:   -3.953
?
The logarithm of aqueous solubility value.
Rotatable Bonds:   4.0 Rigid Bonds:   34.0
TPSA:   106.98
?
Topological Polar Surface Area.
H-Bond Acceptor:   8.0
H-Bond Donor:   2.0 Rings:   7.0
Heavy Atoms:   8.0

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:   0.323 GASA:   1.0
?
GASA represents the probability of being difficult to synthesize, ranging from 0 to 1.
Synthetic Accessibility Score:   5.845 Fsp3:   0.9
MCE-18:   167.509
?
MCE-18 stands for medicinal chemistry evolution.MCE-18≥45 is considered a suitable value.
Lipinski Rule-of-5:   Rejected
Pfizer Rule:   Rejected GSK Rule:   Accepted
Golden Triangle Rule:   Accepted BMS Rule:   0
Chelating Alert:   0 PAINS Alert:   0
Colloidal aggregators:   0.881 Fluc inhibitor:   0.004
?
The fluc inhibitor value is the probability of being fLuc inhibitors, within the range of 0 to 1.
Blue fluorescence:   0.007
?
The blue fluorescence value is the probability of being blue fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Green fluorescence:   0.001
?
The green fluorescence value is the probability of being green fluorescence, within the range of 0 to 1
Reactive compounds:   0.156 Promiscuous compounds:   0.51

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab3.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:   -5.401 MDCK Permeability:   -5.15
Pgp-inhibitor:   0.246 Pgp-substrate:   0.4
PAMPA:   0.63
?
The experimental data for Peff was logarithmically transformed (logPeff). Molecules with log Peff values below 2.0 were classified as low-permeability (Category 0), while those with log Peff values exceeding 2.5 were classified as high-permeability (Category 1).
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):   0.001
20% Bioavailability (F20%):   0.138 30% Bioavailability (F30%):   0.12
50% Bioavailability (F50%):   0.893

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):   0.09 MRP1:   0.867
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):   65.117% Volume Distribution (VD):   0.134
Fu: 34.672%
?
The fraction unbound in plasms.
OATP1B1 inhibitor:   0.999
OATP1B3 inhibitor:   0.984 BCRP inhibitor:   0.066
BSEP inhibitor:   0.979

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:   0.031 CYP1A2-substrate:   0.0
CYP2C19-inhibitor:   0.99 CYP2C19-substrate:   0.003
CYP2C9-inhibitor:   0.003 CYP2C9-substrate:   0.0
CYP2D6-inhibitor:   0.0 CYP2D6-substrate:   0.004
CYP3A4-inhibitor:   1.0 CYP3A4-substrate:   0.976
CYP2B6-substrate:   0.0 CYP2C8-inhibitor:   0.6
HLM stability:   0.683
?
Human liver microsomal (HLM) stability. Category 0: stable+ (HLM > 30 min); Category 1: unstable- (HLM ≤ 30 min). The output value is the probability of human liver microsomal instability, where a value closer to 1 indicates a higher likelihood of instability.

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  7.328 Half-life (T1/2):  2.234

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.161 hERG Blockers (10um):  0.744
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.547 Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.973
AMES Toxicity:  0.989 Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.997
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  1.0 Skin Sensitization:  1.0
Carcinogencity:  0.971 Eye Corrosion:  0.0
Eye Irritation:  0.0 Respiratory Toxicity:  0.998
Drug-induced Neurotoxicity:  0.065 Ototoxicity:  0.517
Hematotoxicity:  0.874 Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity:  0.985
Genotoxicity:  1.0 RPMI-8226 Immunitoxicity:  0.854
A549 Cytotoxicity:  0.941 Hek293 Cytotoxicity:  0.994
BCF:   1.658
?
Bioconcentration factors are used for considering secondary poisoning potential and assessing risks to human health via the food chain. The unit is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
IGC50:   3.939
?
48 hour Tetrahymena pyriformis IGC50. The unit of IGC50 is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50DM:   5.194
?
48 hour Daphnia magna LC50. The unit of LC50DM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].
LC50FM:   4.741
?
96 hour fathead minnow LC50. The unit of LC50FM is -log10[(mg/L)/(1000*MW)].

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO13325 Plantago lanceolata Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. DOI[10.1038/ncomms4886]
NPO26266 Isodon japonicus Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. DOI[10.1039/C39730000707]
NPO1071 Parerythropodium fulvum Species n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[11277760]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota leaves Niigata City, Niigata Province, Japan 2000-Nov PMID[15730243]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota leaves n.a. n.a. PMID[16933868]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[17253842]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota stems and twigs n.a. n.a. PMID[17595134]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota stems and twigs Niigata City, Niigata Province, Japan 2001-NOV PMID[17595134]
NPO26266 Isodon japonicus Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[18491868]
NPO3936 Malva sylvestris Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[19731587]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[29693393]
NPO3936 Malva sylvestris Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[37726667]
NPO3936 Malva sylvestris Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[39382805]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota Leaves; Stems n.a. n.a. PMID[9214727]
NPO1607 Croton rhamnifolius Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO2342 Cytisus scoparius Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO2518 Crinum kirkii Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO2361 Aconitum brevicalcaratum Species Ranunculaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3146 Ammodendron conollyi Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO351 Cirsium dipsacolepis Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6377 Cocculus diversifolius Species Menispermaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO13325 Plantago lanceolata Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO8585 Verpa digitaliformis Species Morchellaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO1308 Veronica pectinata Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO15583 Tripodanthus acutifolius Species Loranthaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6776 Trifolium apertum Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO715 Teucrium pestalozzae Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO5197 Streptomyces eurythermus Species Streptomycetaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6974 Solanum racemigerum Species Solanaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO20132 Scutellaria seleriana Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO7097 Rhynchosporium orthosporum Species n.a. Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO8840 Ptilidium ciliare Species Ptilidiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO4253 Viguiera annua Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO1071 Parerythropodium fulvum Species n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO4082 Ophiarthrum elegans Species Ophiocomidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO6520 Myrica multiflora Species Myricaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3664 Mesembryanthemum anatomicum Species Aizoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO3936 Malva sylvestris Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO8472 Knightia deplanchei Species Proteaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO26266 Isodon japonicus Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO2747 Hypericum triquetrifolium Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO5591 Fucus spiralis Species Fucaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO5980 Eria subsessilis Species Orchidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[COCONUT]
NPO13325 Plantago lanceolata Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO6520 Myrica multiflora Species Myricaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO2342 Cytisus scoparius Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO3936 Malva sylvestris Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO3664 Mesembryanthemum anatomicum Species Aizoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO2747 Hypericum triquetrifolium Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO13325 Plantago lanceolata Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO2747 Hypericum triquetrifolium Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO3664 Mesembryanthemum anatomicum Species Aizoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO6520 Myrica multiflora Species Myricaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO2518 Crinum kirkii Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO3936 Malva sylvestris Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO2342 Cytisus scoparius Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO2342 Cytisus scoparius Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26266 Isodon japonicus Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO5591 Fucus spiralis Species Fucaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO20132 Scutellaria seleriana Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2747 Hypericum triquetrifolium Species Hypericaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO715 Teucrium pestalozzae Species Lamiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO8472 Knightia deplanchei Species Proteaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO15583 Tripodanthus acutifolius Species Loranthaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO8840 Ptilidium ciliare Species Ptilidiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2342 Cytisus scoparius Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO4082 Ophiarthrum elegans Species Ophiocomidae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2361 Aconitum brevicalcaratum Species Ranunculaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6776 Trifolium apertum Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO5197 Streptomyces eurythermus Species Streptomycetaceae Bacteria n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO351 Cirsium dipsacolepis Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1071 Parerythropodium fulvum Species n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3936 Malva sylvestris Species Malvaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3664 Mesembryanthemum anatomicum Species Aizoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO8585 Verpa digitaliformis Species Morchellaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6377 Cocculus diversifolius Species Menispermaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7097 Rhynchosporium orthosporum Species n.a. Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6974 Solanum racemigerum Species Solanaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13325 Plantago lanceolata Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1607 Croton rhamnifolius Species Euphorbiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO6520 Myrica multiflora Species Myricaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO5980 Eria subsessilis Species Orchidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3146 Ammodendron conollyi Species Fabaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2518 Crinum kirkii Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO4253 Viguiera annua Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1308 Veronica pectinata Species Plantaginaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO10021 Nerium oleander Species Apocynaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID Organism Name Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].



 Biological Activity

Molecular-level activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vitro activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

In vivo activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference





 Experimental ADME

Experiment Model Experiment Tissue ADME Type ADME Relation ADME Value ADME Unit Reference





 Experimental Toxicity

Quantitative toxicity

Experiment Model Experiment Organism Toxicity Type Toxicity Relation Toxicity Value Toxicity Unit Reference

Common Abbreviations:
LC: Lethal Concentration; LD: Lethal Dose; LT:Lethal Time; NOAEL: No-observed-adverse-effect Level; BMDL: Benchmark Dose Lower Confidence Limit; BMD: Benchmark Dose; BMC:Benchmark Concentration; LOAEL: Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level; RfD:Reference Dose; RfC:Reference Concentration; MRL: Minimal Risk Level; MEG: Maximum Exposure Guideline; PAC: Protective Action Criteria

Categorical toxicity labels

Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption
Hepatotoxicity Carcinogenicity Mutagenicity Cardiotoxicity Respiratory Toxicity Eye Irritation Endocrine Disruption

Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP toxicity records from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
ToxValDB: a curated database that compiles quantitative toxicity values for chemicals from diverse public sources to support toxicological research and risk assessment.
TOXRIC: a comprehensive, free-to-access, online database providing toxicological/feature data. The toxicity labels are retrieved from this database. [PMID: 36400569]


  Chemically structural similarity

Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes approximately 50,000 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity is measured using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) , which compares the binary fingerprints of two molecules. Tc is calculated as the intersection divided by the union of '1' bits in the fingerprints, ranging from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating highest similarity.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC216236 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID
0.7558 Intermediate Similarity NPC603096
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPC84949
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPC480562
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPC74945
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPC152615
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPC31354
0.6824 Remote Similarity NPC69576
0.6364 Remote Similarity NPC290693
0.6292 Remote Similarity NPC483822
0.5955 Remote Similarity NPC34390
0.5955 Remote Similarity NPC99080
0.5824 Remote Similarity NPC484212
0.5824 Remote Similarity NPC180079
0.5789 Remote Similarity NPC115349
0.5745 Remote Similarity NPC103534
0.5745 Remote Similarity NPC44899
0.5745 Remote Similarity NPC304260
0.5745 Remote Similarity NPC29639
0.5699 Remote Similarity NPC268326
0.5699 Remote Similarity NPC153085
0.5426 Remote Similarity NPC484202
0.5217 Remote Similarity NPC471633
0.5213 Remote Similarity NPC199428
0.5213 Remote Similarity NPC109448
0.5213 Remote Similarity NPC310341
0.5104 Remote Similarity NPC93883

Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC216236 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.5 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage
0.5612 Remote Similarity NPD8377 Phase 4
0.5591 Remote Similarity NPD7516 Pre-clinical
0.5098 Remote Similarity NPD8378 Pre-clinical
0.5098 Remote Similarity NPD8379 Approved

Bioactivity similarity

  Bioactivity similarity

Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Similarity level is defined by Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.
Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data