Structure

Physi-Chem Properties

Molecular Weight:  403.08
Volume:  384.028
LogP:  4.463
LogD:  2.18
LogS:  -3.585
# Rotatable Bonds:  6
TPSA:  112.93
# H-Bond Aceptor:  7
# H-Bond Donor:  3
# Rings:  3
# Heavy Atoms:  8

MedChem Properties

QED Drug-Likeness Score:  0.661
Synthetic Accessibility Score:  3.134
Fsp3:  0.25
Lipinski Rule-of-5:  Accepted
Pfizer Rule:  Accepted
GSK Rule:  Rejected
BMS Rule:  0
Golden Triangle Rule:  Accepted
Chelating Alert:  0
PAINS Alert:  0

ADMET Properties (ADMETlab2.0)

ADMET: Absorption

Caco-2 Permeability:  -5.53
MDCK Permeability:  1.937288288900163e-05
Pgp-inhibitor:  0.001
Pgp-substrate:  0.001
Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA):  0.014
20% Bioavailability (F20%):  0.007
30% Bioavailability (F30%):  0.523

ADMET: Distribution

Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetration (BBB):  0.125
Plasma Protein Binding (PPB):  99.8846206665039%
Volume Distribution (VD):  0.175
Pgp-substrate:  0.7468744516372681%

ADMET: Metabolism

CYP1A2-inhibitor:  0.131
CYP1A2-substrate:  0.046
CYP2C19-inhibitor:  0.1
CYP2C19-substrate:  0.058
CYP2C9-inhibitor:  0.586
CYP2C9-substrate:  0.921
CYP2D6-inhibitor:  0.038
CYP2D6-substrate:  0.153
CYP3A4-inhibitor:  0.084
CYP3A4-substrate:  0.121

ADMET: Excretion

Clearance (CL):  1.304
Half-life (T1/2):  0.806

ADMET: Toxicity

hERG Blockers:  0.014
Human Hepatotoxicity (H-HT):  0.402
Drug-inuced Liver Injury (DILI):  0.952
AMES Toxicity:  0.005
Rat Oral Acute Toxicity:  0.589
Maximum Recommended Daily Dose:  0.429
Skin Sensitization:  0.086
Carcinogencity:  0.169
Eye Corrosion:  0.003
Eye Irritation:  0.011
Respiratory Toxicity:  0.053

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Similar NPs/Drugs  

  Natural Product: NPC197376

Natural Product ID:  NPC197376
Common Name*:   RWQKHEORZBHNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name:   n.a.
Synonyms:  
Standard InCHIKey:  RWQKHEORZBHNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InCHI:  InChI=1S/C20H18ClNO6/c1-10-7-12-14(21)9-13(17(23)16(12)20(27)28-10)18(24)22-15(19(25)26)8-11-5-3-2-4-6-11/h2-6,9-10,15,23H,7-8H2,1H3,(H,22,24)(H,25,26)
SMILES:  CC1Cc2c(cc(c(c2C(=O)O1)O)C(=NC(Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)O)O)Cl
Synthetic Gene Cluster:   n.a.
ChEMBL Identifier:   n.a.
PubChem CID:   4580
Chemical Classification**:  
  • CHEMONTID:0000000 [Organic compounds]
    • [CHEMONTID:0000261] Phenylpropanoids and polyketides
      • [CHEMONTID:0001787] Ochratoxins and related substances

*Note: the InCHIKey will be temporarily assigned as the "Common Name" if no IUPAC name or alternative short name is available.
**Note: the Chemical Classification was calculated by NPClassifier Version 1.5. Reference: PMID:34662515.

  Species Source

Organism ID Organism Name Taxonomy Level Family SuperKingdom Isolation Part Collection Location Collection Time Reference
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota Flowers Tantempango, Hidalgo, Mexico 2019-May DOI[10.1007/s11130-020-00822-2]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. seed n.a. DOI[10.1007/s11418-005-0009-z]
NPO26293 Ginkgo biloba Species Ginkgoaceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. DOI[10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00320-X]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. DOI[10.3923/pjbs.2013.1138.1144]
NPO523 Tussilago farfara Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[10543912]
NPO11438 Angelica gigas Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. root n.a. PMID[11374978]
NPO26293 Ginkgo biloba Species Ginkgoaceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. PMID[11738417]
NPO11438 Angelica gigas Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[15679317]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[16297615]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota roots purchased from Kiu Shun Trading Ltd., Vancouver, Canada 2000 PMID[16643021]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. leaf n.a. PMID[17262437]
NPO11438 Angelica gigas Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. root n.a. PMID[17997069]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[18326559]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[18460139]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. whole plant n.a. PMID[18543151]
NPO26293 Ginkgo biloba Species Ginkgoaceae Eukaryota n.a. fruit n.a. PMID[21462031]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota Essential oil n.a. n.a. PMID[23163425]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[23865201]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[24358188]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. bulb n.a. PMID[24508058]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[25538068]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[25650289]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[25700090]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota garlic skin n.a. n.a. PMID[25726329]
NPO29401 Bupleurum chinense Species Apiaceae Eukaryota roots n.a. n.a. PMID[26259802]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[27400088]
NPO523 Tussilago farfara Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[32881525]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[8350088]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. PMID[8778246]
NPO29401 Bupleurum chinense Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[Article]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota Seed n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota Seed n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota Shoot n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota Bulb n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota Flower n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota Leaf n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota Leaf n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota Plant n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota Root n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota Root n.a. n.a. Database[FooDB]
NPO3107 Bupleurum falcatum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO2921 Angelica acutiloba Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO11438 Angelica gigas Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO523 Tussilago farfara Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO26293 Ginkgo biloba Species Ginkgoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO29401 Bupleurum chinense Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO26785 Taraxacum mongolicum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[HerDing]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. Database[Phenol-Explorer]
NPO29401 Bupleurum chinense Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO523 Tussilago farfara Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO26785 Taraxacum mongolicum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO2921 Angelica acutiloba Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO21845 Calvatia fenzlii Species Lycoperdaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO3107 Bupleurum falcatum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO26293 Ginkgo biloba Species Ginkgoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO11438 Angelica gigas Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCMID]
NPO26293 Ginkgo biloba Species Ginkgoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO3107 Bupleurum falcatum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO11438 Angelica gigas Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26785 Taraxacum mongolicum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO29401 Bupleurum chinense Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO523 Tussilago farfara Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO2921 Angelica acutiloba Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TCM_Taiwan]
NPO26293 Ginkgo biloba Species Ginkgoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO21845 Calvatia fenzlii Species Lycoperdaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO23327 Taraxacum coreanum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO3107 Bupleurum falcatum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO17030 Calvatia lilacina Species Lycoperdaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO2997 Aloe africana Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO14964 Calvatia gigantea Species Lycoperdaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO26785 Taraxacum mongolicum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO1596 Taraxacum borealisinense Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO29401 Bupleurum chinense Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO13668 Taraxacum platycarpum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO2921 Angelica acutiloba Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO523 Tussilago farfara Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO2837 Aloe spicata Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO11438 Angelica gigas Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[TM-MC]
NPO2921 Angelica acutiloba Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO13668 Taraxacum platycarpum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO3107 Bupleurum falcatum Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO17030 Calvatia lilacina Species Lycoperdaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO784 Sinapis alba Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO15462 Angelica sinensis Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO29007 Brassica juncea Species Brassicaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO523 Tussilago farfara Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO21845 Calvatia fenzlii Species Lycoperdaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO14763 Aloe ferox Species Asphodelaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO2997 Aloe africana Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO7103 Allium sativum Species Amaryllidaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11438 Angelica gigas Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO26293 Ginkgo biloba Species Ginkgoaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO26622 Taraxacum officinale Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO11578 Aloe vera Species Xanthorrhoeaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO26785 Taraxacum mongolicum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO29401 Bupleurum chinense Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO23327 Taraxacum coreanum Species Asteraceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]
NPO1484 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species Apiaceae Eukaryota n.a. n.a. n.a. Database[UNPD]

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP source organism data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated them from below databases:
UNPD: Universal Natural Products Database [PMID: 23638153].
StreptomeDB: a database of streptomycetes natural products [PMID: 33051671].
TM-MC: a database of medicinal materials and chemical compounds in Northeast Asian traditional medicine [PMID: 26156871].
TCM@Taiwan: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 21253603].
TCMID: a Traditional Chinese Medicine database [PMID: 29106634].
TCMSP: The traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform [PMID: 24735618].
HerDing: a herb recommendation system to treat diseases using genes and chemicals [PMID: 26980517].
MetaboLights: a metabolomics database [PMID: 27010336].
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  NP Quantity Composition/Concentration

Organism ID NP ID Organism Material Preparation Organism Part NP Quantity (Standard) NP Quantity (Minimum) NP Quantity (Maximum) Quantity Unit Reference

☑ Note for Reference:
In addition to directly collecting NP quantitative data from primary literature (where reference will provided as NCBI PMID or DOI links), NPASS also integrated NP quantitative records for specific NP domains (e.g., NPS from foods or herbs) from domain-specific databases. These databases include:
DUKE: Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases.
PHENOL EXPLORER: is the first comprehensive database on polyphenol content in foods [PMID: 24103452], its homepage can be accessed at here.
FooDB: a database of constituents, chemistry and biology of food species [www.foodb.ca].

  Biological Activity

Target ID Target Type Target Name Target Organism Activity Type Activity Relation Value Unit Reference

☑ Note for Activity Records:
☉ The quantitative biological activities were primarily integrated from ChEMBL (Version-30) database and were also directly collected from PubMed literature. PubMed PMID was provided as the reference link for each activity record.

  Chemically structural similarity: I. Similar Active Natural Products in NPASS

Top-200 similar NPs were calculated against the active-NP-set (includes 4,3285 NPs with experimentally-derived bioactivity available in NPASS)

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules. Tc lies between [0, 1] where '1' indicates the highest similarity. What is Tanimoto coefficient

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC197376 and all remaining natural products in the NPASS database.
●  The right table: Most similar natural products (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Natural Product ID

  Chemically structural similarity: II. Similar Clinical/Approved Drugs

Similarity level is defined by Tanimoto coefficient (Tc) between two molecules.

●  The left chart: Distribution of similarity level between NPC197376 and all drugs/candidates.
●  The right table: Most similar clinical/approved drugs (Tc>=0.56 or Top200).

Similarity Score Similarity Level Drug ID Developmental Stage

  Bioactivity similarity: Similar Natural Products in NPASS

Bioactivity similarity was calculated based on bioactivity descriptors of compounds. The bioactivity descriptors were calculated by a recently developed AI algorithm Chemical Checker (CC) [Nature Biotechnology, 38:1087–1096, 2020; Nature Communications, 12:3932, 2021], which evaluated bioactivity similarities at five levels:
A: chemistry similarity;
B: biological targets similarity;
C: networks similarity;
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity;
E: similarity based on clinical data.

Those 5 categories of CC bioactivity descriptors were calculated and then subjected to manifold projection using UMAP algorithm, to project all NPs on a 2-Dimensional space. The current NP was highlighted with a small circle in the 2-D map. Below figures: left-to-right, A-to-E.

A: chemistry similarity
B: biological targets similarity
C: networks similarity
D: cell-based bioactivity similarity
E: similarity based on clinical data